Design of two-storey residential building with explanatory note

Contents

Introduction

1. Design Input

2. Space Planning Solution

3. Constructive solution

3.1 Foundations

3.2 Walls

3.3 Windows and Doors

3.4 Roof

4. Fire fighting measures

List of literature used

Introduction

Currently, there is an increase in the volume of private residential low-rise construction .

Indeed, a low-rise private residential building has many undisputed advantages, which are proximity to nature, comfort and sufficient, but not excessive isolation in the housing and household plan. The possibility of an autonomous heating system is also an undeniable advantage, which can dramatically reduce the cost of heating the building and eliminate the inconvenience associated with centralized heat supply.

But there are also shortcomings, which include the relative high cost of supplying communications and construction in general, as well as increased territory consumption compared to apartment buildings, which ultimately reduces population density. Therefore, low-rise individual development is more often carried out in the suburban zone.

Design Input

Coursework on the topic "Low-rise residential building," developed on the basis of the design task issued by the department _______________

The designed building is a single-apartment two-story cottage-type house.

The place of construction - the city ____________ is characterized by the following climatic indicators :

Design winter temperature

outside air most

cold five days minus 28 ° С

Standard depth of soil freezing is 2.1m.

Snow load 130 kg/m ²

Wind load 30 kg/m ²

Climatic area III B

Building Class III

Fire resistance grade II

Functional fire hazard class F1.4 [3]

Degree of durability III.

The terrain is calm, even, the level of groundwater to a depth of 7 meters has not been found .

There is no seismicity of the proposed construction site.

Space Planning Solution

The designed residential building is designed for permanent residence of the family.

The shape of the building is complex in plan.

The volume of the house is divided into 2 floors, which are connected by a staircase

Technical and economic indicators.

Building area, m ² 124

Construction volume, m3 1012

Living space, m2 77

Auxiliary area, m2 47

Total space, m2 124

.

Height of the first floor: 2.6 m .

Height of the second floor: 3.0 m.

Height in the skate: 8.3 m.

The entrance to the building is from the front entrance.

In front of the entrance there is a porch with a staircase.

In accordance with the requirements of SNiP, all living rooms, including san knots and bathrooms, have natural lighting.

When assigning areas of window openings, the ratio of the window opening area to the floor area of ​ ​ this room according to SNiP was taken into account .

The necessary level of insolation is provided in the premises.

Constructive solution

The structural system of the building is cross-wall, i.e. with load-bearing transverse walls with an additional four columns. The stability of the building as a whole is ensured by the interaction of internal structures - floors and walls. Intermediate floor slabs rest on two sides on bearing walls, and are fixed by anchors, which are put into the wall and thereby form horizontal stiffening discs, which provide spatial rigidity and stability of the building.

3.1 Foundations

Prefabricated iron-concrete foundation is designed for the building. Foundation laying depth is 2.1 m. It has an asphalt concrete pavement 1 m long, 180 mm high, a base 500 mm high.

Horizontal waterproofing between foundation and wall is made of two ruberoid layers. Vertical waterproofing of the foundation - coating with hot bitumen in two times

.

3.2 Walls

External walls in the designed building are made of silicate brick on cement sand mortar, with decoration of the external side with facing brick and artistic plastering of window and door openings.

Prefabricated reinforced concrete lintels are used to cover door and window openings.

Interior decoration of the premises is made with gypsum board and wallpaper, in the toilet and bathroom decoration with ceramic tiles.

Inner walls and partitions are made of gypsum plates.

Basement - facing with natural stone (tile)

3.3 Floors are made of laminate on concrete bracing, in toilet and bathroom from ceramic tiles.

.

3.4 Windows and doors in external walls are made according to individual designs.

3.5 The roof is four-pitched, along load-bearing wooden rafters and a grate. The outer cover of the roof is metal.

Gutter - gutter trays with gutter pipes.

Fire fighting measures

External fire extinguishing is carried out by fire engines with water intake from fire hydrants .

Wood elements shall be subjected to antisepting and fire-retardant treatment.

Antisepting of wooden structures is carried out according to SNIP2.03.1185 .

задание 194252.dwg