Course design with drawings and explanatory note on VIV of residential building is made in Avtokad

Contents

Contents

1From Course Design Data

Introduction

2Construction of internal water supply systems

3Hydraulic calculation of internal water supply system

3.2Determination of pipe diameters and head losses

3.3Selection and calculation of water counters

3.4Define the required head

3.5Compute booster pump units

4Construction of internal sewerage networks

4.1Define estimated waste water flow rates

4.2Hydraulic calculation of internal sewer networks

5Development of yard and intra-quarter sewage network

List of used literature

1. Initial data of course design

Option 2

Design area Moscow

Plot Plan Variant 2

Standard Floor Plan Option No. 2

Axis of symmetry 2

Number of floors 9

Relative floor elevation of the 1st floor 0.9

Freezing depth, m. 1.8

Absolute elevations of the ground surface near the building: z _ 1 and z _ 2, m. 104.00

105,00

The diameter of the pipe of the city water supply, mm. 200

Guaranteed head in the city water supply, MPa. 0,45

Diameter of the city sewage pipe, mm. 450

The depth of the city sewage system, m. 2.5

City sewage slope, i 0.0032

Values:

l1, m 4.5

l2, m 4.5

l3, m 3.8

l4, m 8.8

Introduction

Water supply is one of the most important branches of technology aimed at improving the standard of living of people, improving settlements, developing industry and agriculture.

Water supply is based on the use of natural raw materials - water, the reserves of which, like other natural resources, are limited. This determines the need for reasonable and careful treatment of water.

The centralized water supply system of a locality or industrial enterprise should provide the reception of water from the source, its conditioning (if necessary), transportation and supply to all consumers under the necessary pressure. For this purpose, the water supply system shall include: water receiving facilities designed to obtain water from natural sources; pumping stations creating a head for transferring water to treatment facilities, storage tanks or consumers; water treatment facilities; reservoirs and water towers, which are spare and regulating vessels; water pipelines and water distribution networks designed to transfer water to its distribution and consumption places

Drainage is a complex of engineering structures and sanitary measures that ensure the reception of wastewater from the population and industrial enterprises, their transportation and treatment, followed by discharge into the river or to the relief.

Tap water, when used for economic, industrial and other purposes, is contaminated and changes its properties. Such water is called wastewater. Wastewater generated in cities and in a number of industrial enterprises contains organic pollution, which is capable of decaying and can serve as an environment for the development of various microorganisms, including pathogenic (pathogenic) ones. The wastewater of many plants contains harmful mineral impurities, chemical compounds or toxic substances. Water disposal is carried out using a complex of underground gravity pipelines, treatment and other facilities, with the help of which used and spent water is removed, cleaned and decontaminated, as well as treatment and neutralization of precipitation formed at the same time with simultaneous disposal of valuable substances. Such complexes are called drainage systems, or drainage.

Designing Internal Plumbing Systems

The design begins with drawing the standard floor plan at a scale of 1:100, after which we mirror the second section of the building. Next, we have sanitary devices on the plan.

We lay cold water and sewage risers open along the walls and partitions of the sun. knots and kitchens.

Then we lay pipes connecting the risers to all instruments. Mark the risers.

Next, draw a basement plan (M 1:100). We bring the water supply to the building perpendicular to the foundation with a slope of at least 0.003 towards the outer wall. The dividing main line is laid in the basement, below the ceiling by 50 cm, along the internal capital wall, with a slope of at least 0.002.

Then we connect cold water supply risers at an angle of 900 to the main line. At the inlet and at the risers, we install shut-off valves to stop the water supply.

Hydraulic calculation of internal water supply network

Before starting the calculation, we build an axonometric diagram of the internal water supply of the building from the inlet to the most remote riser .

We place water flow meters at the entrance to the building in the basement room.

Access to instruments is performed above the floor at a height of 2030 cm with vertical lifting of pipes to each water separation point.

We identify the calculated direction of water supply. We break it into fate. They begin with a dictating point - the most inaccessible point for water. We number the calculated areas.

Designing Internal Sewer Networks

In residential and public buildings, a household drainage system and internal drains are installed. Open or hidden piping method. The buildings are installed: toilets, washes, baths, washbasins.

Waste water removal is provided, as a rule, through gravity pipelines.

Polypropylene (PP) pipes according to GOST 2699686 with a diameter of 116110 mm and a length of 1503000 mm are used for the internal sewage system of residential and public buildings.

To connect cast iron pipes of different diameters, change the direction and attach devices, shaped parts are used. Shaped parts produce the following types:

taps - under 90to, 110to, 135to, 150to ,

tees are oblique and straight ,

crosses oblique and straight ,

transitions, couplings, indents ,

revisions, cleaning,

hydraulic locks.

On the networks of internal domestic and industrial sewers for cleaning of pipelines, inspections or cleaning are established:

if there are no indents on the risers, the revisions shall be placed in the lower and upper floors, and if there are indents - in the floors located above the indents, and the revisions shall be located at a height of 1 m from the floor to the center of the revision, but not less than 0.15 m above the side of the attached instrument;

in residential buildings with a height of more than 5 floors, revision on risers should be installed at least 3 floors later;

Cleaning should be provided at the beginning of the sections (on the flow of effluents) of branch pipes with the number of connected devices three or more, under which there is no revision;

at turns of horizontal sections of the network at angles of turns more than 30 °, revisions or cleaning shall be designed.

On horizontal sections of the network, the largest permissible distances between revisits or brushes are accepted:

revision d - 50 mm in 12 m;

d - 100150 mm in 15 m;

cleaning d - 50 mm after 8 m;

d - 100150 mm after 10 m.

The pipeline is gravity. In buildings, it is recommended to use sanitary devices that allow laying branch pipes above the floor (toilet bowls with oblique exhaust).

Drain sewage pipes shall not be laid under the ceiling of dwellings, kitchens, bedrooms, etc.

At the beginning of the branch line and at turns with an angle of > 30 °, cleaning is installed to eliminate clogging .

Risers receive waste water from branch lines from all floors. They are installed at the locations of the wastewater receptacles and as close as possible to the instrument discharging the most contaminated wastewater, open or in furrows.

The diameter of the riser in residential buildings along the entire height shall not be less than the largest diameter of the branch pipe connected to the riser.

The upper part of the sewer riser passes into a exhaust pipe, which is withdrawn above the roof by 0.3 m - from a flat non-operated roof; 0.5 m - from the pitched roof; 0.1 m - from the edge of the prefabricated ventilation shaft. Exhaust pipes are made with diameter equal to diameter of riser.

Sewage outlets remove waste liquid from the risers outside the building into the inspection well of the courtyard or intra-quarter network. The outlet diameter shall be not less than the riser diameter, and the angle of connection to the yard sewage network shall be not less than 90 ° (counting the flow of waste water ).

Within the building, the exhaust is laid under the ceiling of the basement, on the wall or above the floor of the basement.

The length of the outlet from the riser or cleaning to the axis of the inspection well of the yard sewer network must be no more than 8 m with an exhaust diameter of 50 mm and no more than 12 m with a diameter of 100 mm.

If the length of the outlet is longer, an additional manhole shall be provided.

At the points of connection of the outlets near the external sewerage network, inspection wells are provided, the internal diameters of which should be taken:

- for pipes with diameter up to 200 mm with depth of their laying up to 2 m - 700 mm;

- for pipes with a diameter of more than 200 mm with a depth of their laying of more than 2 m - 1000 mm.

Sewage outlets are arranged, as a rule, from cast-iron sewage pipes.

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