Reconstruction of the vulcanization site

Contents

Contents

INTRODUCTION

1 FEASIBILITY STUDY

1.1 Characteristics of the bus repair section

1.2 Justifications of the design solution

2 PROCESS PART

2.1 Selection of the list of vehicles, initial data

2.2 Calculation of annual scope of work at the design site

2.3 Calculation of the number of production workers

2.4 Calculation of number of posts

2.5 Distribution of workers by posts, specialties, qualifications

3 ORGANIZATIONAL PART

3.1 Organization of work at the enterprise

3.2 Operations performed in the vulcanization area

3.3 Selection of process equipment

3.5 Area calculation

3.5 Development of Job Instructions

3.6 Lean production at the design site

4 DESIGN PART

4.1 Description of the device and operation principle of the touching roller

4.2 Manual Tool Rules

4.3 Procedure for development and assembly and description of devices/tools ensuring rational operation

5 ECONOMIC PART

5.1 Initial data for economic calculation

5.2 Calculation of capital investments

5.3 Calculation of operating costs

5.4 Calculation of economic efficiency of the project

6 LIFE SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENTAL FRIENDLINESS

6.1 Analysis of working conditions at the design site

6.2 Calculation of environmental friendliness of the design object

CONCLUSION

LIST OF SOURCES USED

Introduction

The growth of the vehicle fleet has increased the requirements for the operation and development of such a sectoral group of household services as repair and maintenance services for vehicles, as well as certain types of services: bus installation, etc. Since in accordance with the current classification of services to the population, all these services belong to different industry groups, but all are aimed at meeting the requirements for maintaining the normal technical condition and performance of the vehicle, in our opinion, it is advisable to combine them under the general name of car service services, moreover, this term is widely used among car owners and professionals providing these services. The rapid growth of the fleet indicates that the reserves for the growth of this area of ​ ​ the service sector are far from exhausted. Car service is one of the most dynamic and fast-growing services industries. In a broad sense, the car service market is a relationship between the entities of this market: car owners and enterprises of the car service system. From the point of view of the relationship between demand and supply, the car service market should be understood as a special institutional mechanism that mediates relations regarding the sale and purchase of services aimed at maintaining the operability and restoration of the car throughout its life

During the entire service life, the car service system shall ensure, within the limits of the customer's requirements and technical requirements of the car, its serviceability, reliability and maximum technical readiness factor, as well as the minimum cost of the customer's time to maintain its operability. The inclusion in the car service system of trade in spare parts, materials, new and commission cars, repair parts, units and accessories is connected, first, with the need for mandatory pre-sale preparation of the car, second, with the expediency of organizing trade in related goods in a service provider. That is why the trade link is attributed by us to the services of a car service. Maintaining and restoring the operability of cars includes services for monitoring the technical condition (diagnostics), maintenance (warranty, routine, seasonal) and repair (car, units, body). Provision of technical operation of vehicles includes elements of the vehicle supply with operational materials, fuel and preservation of the vehicle (this is one of the characteristics of reliability of its technical operation, which is manifested in the ability not to change technical parameters during transportation and storage). From the range of maintenance services, in our opinion, it is advisable to include primarily anti-corrosion protection services (from the point of view of technology and the frequency of demand). The fuel services, etc., are not included in the car service system, but relate to a larger system, which will be discussed below. The main share of services to ensure the conditions for the use of the car is occupied by services to ensure the living conditions of drivers and passengers on the roads. For example, a car owner who uses the car intensively should be able to equip it with everything necessary: air conditioning, refrigerator, safe, etc. Since the seller does not know exactly the operating conditions of a particular car, heating or air conditioning systems should be produced autonomously and installed at the request of the buyer. Thus, services for the tuning of a motor vehicle, installation of additional equipment also need to be classified as car service services. The ecological safety of the car includes technical solutions and means that limit or eliminate the content of harmful substances in the exhaust gases, methods and means of combating noise, combating pollution from operational materials, and recycling cars. The car service system includes services that meet the corresponding needs, for example, adjustment of the POS, etc. Each of the subjects of the car service market acts in a certain quality on it. The entire process in the car service market begins with the customer, the car owner. He is a consumer of car service services. The next entity is the main manufacturer and seller of car service services - the enterprise of the car service system. Enterprises of the car service system compete with each other for a client - a car owner. In general, the car service market is developing at the junction and in inextricable connection with many sectors of the national economy, the activities of economic entities of which together represent a complex of servicing vehicles and car owners: Motor Transport and Car Owners Service Stores, Car Shops Car Maintenance and Repair Enterprises Road Services Car Parts and Materials Stores Garages, Car Storage Parking Lots Car Washes Motels, Campsites, Road Hotels Road Traffic Safety and Regulation Services

All auto service structures can be divided into several categories. The first, conventionally called it, elite is the car service of foreign car manufacturers. The creation of such centers is a normal strategy for winning the market, tested and well-established in various countries.

Automotive manufacturers are introduced into the market of interest in two parallel flows, while organizing both the sale and maintenance of their cars. Certified workplaces, licenses for repair work guarantee customers of "foreign" auto centers high quality of services. However, the main distinguishing feature of the "branded" car service is that the client here is provided with an exhaustively complete set of car repair and maintenance services. At the same time, each type of work has a fixed and documented standard of time during which this work can be performed.

Research on the car service market requires clarification of the concept of "car service" and, accordingly, the category "car service market." This is due to the fact that at present the All-Russian classifier of services to the population does not allocate services related to this sector (repair and maintenance services for motor vehicles, tire installation, installation of additional equipment, etc.) to a separate industry group. At the same time, all these services are aimed at meeting the requirements related to maintaining the normal technical condition and performance of the vehicle, as well as their restoration. That is why it is advisable to combine these services into one industry group -- car service services -- in accordance with their overall main objective -- to ensure, throughout the life cycle, its serviceability, reliability and maximum technical availability, as well as the minimum time spent by the client to maintain its operability. An important point is the assessment of existing enterprises in terms of their number, structure, condition, range of services, capacity (number of service posts), technical equipment, general competitiveness, as well as the immediate development prospects. When predicting the supply of auto service services, it should be borne in mind that there may be a partial underutilization of the capacity of projected objects due to the seasonality of demand for services. According to the results of the forecast of demand for services, various options for the development of the network of car service enterprises are chosen, for example, the expansion of the network of individual specialized stations for each brand of cars, stations for servicing separately small and medium-class cars, the creation of a universal station for servicing all brands of cars, etc. However, additional marketing research is required to make a reasonable choice.

Feasibility study

Characteristics of bus repair section

The designed area is designed for repair of tires and wheels (replacement of tires, chambers, wheel discs, vulcanization), ongoing repair of chambers and wheel discs, as well as for balancing of wheels assembled. All listed works are performed directly on the bus assembly section.

The wheels are removed from the car in the maintenance and maintenance zone, from where they are transported directly to the bus assembly section on a special trolley. Tires are removed on a special removal bench. After dismantling, the tire and disk are stored in a rack, and the camera is stored on a hanger.

The technical condition of the tires is monitored by inspection using a hand-held pneumatic bead expander, metal foreign objects can be detected during diagnosis using a special device.

The technical condition of the chambers is checked by inspection and in a bath filled with water, equipped with a pneumatic droplet, illumination and supply of compressed air. Damaged cameras are repaired on a special layout.

Discs are inspected to detect cracks, deformation, corrosion. Cracks are detected during trimming. To clean the rims from rust, special electric machines are used. Small deformations of wheel rims are eliminated by locksmith tools - mandrels, irons, hammers. Significant deformations of disks are eliminated in the drawing compartment of the body section with subsequent painting on the painting section. Installation of technically serviceable tires, chambers, discs is carried out on the same bench as dismantling. After installation, it is mandatory to balance the wheels assembled on a stationary machine.

Bus installation equipment is characterized by a quick payback - due to the fact that car owners need regular maintenance, a full set of equipment can pay off in just one season.

Justification of the design solution

Reconstruction is a process that is aimed at changing or improving certain technical and economic indicators of buildings, structures or individual premises. In the case of the reconstruction of the vulcanization site, this will solve a number of problems:

Improving economic and production efficiency

Expanding the Item of Activities to Be Performed

Improving the quality of working conditions

Conclusion

The purpose of the diploma project was to reconstruct the site in the organization's fleet in order to increase the number of car services.

The organizational structure of the enterprise is considered. The car service is headed by a director who organizes the work of the enterprise, interacts functional links, makes adjustments to their work, conducts negotiations at the highest level, and is responsible for the results of the entire enterprise.

Reconstruction of the diagnostic area will allow to do the following:

- increase the level of safety and processability of the production process.

- increase the capacity of cars.

Uninterrupted operation of the diagnostic site will create a solid foundation for further reconstruction and expansion of the station.

The service section formulated the main activities that will achieve the goal of the diploma project, namely, to increase the number of serviced cars in the diagnostic area.

In the technical and economic section of the explanatory note, the costs of rearming the site were calculated, the payback period was calculated. Profit after re-equipment was calculated and how many years the profit from the use of new equipment will increase.

The project will pay off in 7.7 months.

Thus, in the technical and economic section it was shown that the technical re-equipment of the site and its re-equipment are profitable and the goals of the diploma project can be realistically implemented within a year.