Project for mechanization of the station for preparation of full-scale briquettes for cattle

Contents

INTRODUCTION

1. PROCESS PART

1.1. Selection of the recipe for feed for preparation of full-level briquettes and requirements for it

1.2 Determination of herd structure and conditional number

1.3. Calculation of feed requirements and raw materials for its production

1.4. Essence of forage pressing process

1.5. Fodder briquetting technology

1.6. Calculation of storage capacity and floor storage area

annual stock of raw materials

1.7. Calculation of feedstock capacity

1.8. Calculation of mixer process parameters

1.9. Calculation of screw conveyor

2. DESIGN PART

2.1. Construction Description

2.2. Calculation of basic press parameters

2.3. Calculation of required power for gear shaft drive

3. ECONOMIC PART

Conclusion

Literature

Introduction

In our country, cattle breeding is one of the leading sectors of agriculture and the main sector of animal husbandry. Almost all milk produced (98%) and about 40% of meat are obtained from cattle. The further development of cattle breeding is determined by the need to increase high-value food products (milk, beef, veal), based on the use of unclaimed potential opportunities for cattle. This can be achieved only with the organization of full and rational feeding of animals.

By feed is meant all products of plant, animal, microbial origin, as well as mineral feeds, which, when fed, ensure the manifestation of normal physiological functions of animals and the quality of products obtained from them.

Currently, more than 500 different feeds and feed additives are used in feeding animals, among them waste from the oil extraction and food industries, microbiological synthesis, salts of macro and trace elements, preparations of vitamins, enzymes, amino acids, antibiotics, tranquilizers, sorbents, antioxidants, flavors and many others. All this mass of products and chemicals should be used in animal husbandry under careful control.

Feedstock concentrates, whose recipes exist in large numbers at the moment, do not play an important role in the diet of cattle feeding. The share of feed in the diet of cattle is from 25 to 45% of the total energy nutrition.

Cattle feed is a fully balanced product that contains all the necessary vitamins, trace elements, and other biologically active substances that ensure the healthy development of animals.

The use of compound feed concentrate, ready for consumption without modification, in combination with coarse and juicy feeds, greatly facilitates the process of raising animals, makes the difficult work of an animal breeder profitable and convenient.

Advantages of cattle feed:

increased resistance of animal body to their protection against diseases, positive effect on reproduction functions of animals, increased impact, fat content of milk and protein content in it.

Conclusion

Today, the use of briquetted feedstuffs represents a significant prospect. Combined feed briquetting has a number of advantages:

The process of producing briquettes and feedstuffs involves thermal treatment, which kills a large number of harmful microbes, including salmonella, and reducing the contact area of the feedstuff with the environment reduces the risk of secondary contamination;

animals eat during feeding the full volume of the planned complex of components, which eliminates the occurrence of nutrient imbalance. It also eliminates the possibility that dominant individuals will be the first to eat the most delicious components;

- when transporting bulk feedstuffs, components are often sorted into different layers through different densities and sizes of ground ingredients, and briquetted feedstuffs make it possible to overcome this problem;

animals better absorb granular feed, and accordingly, gain weight faster;

- During production and transportation, losses are significantly reduced compared to traditional forms of feedstuffs;

- It is much easier for agricultural enterprises to transport and store briquette feed;

- when feeding with briquettes, animals are provided with the necessary and balanced product. At the same time, fodder remains are minimized;

- the formula of feed combinations may consist of several dozen components, which makes it possible to widely vary the composition, taste and fullness of the feed.

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