Production of hard mineral wool boards - exchange rate

Contents

Introduction

Characteristics and nomenclature of products produced

Characteristics of raw materials and semi-finished products

Process Flow Chart Selection, Justification and Description

Characteristics of the main process equipment

Quality control of finished products

Estimated Production Program

Occupational and environmental protection measures

List of literature used

Introduction

Heat insulation materials are materials characterized by low thermal conductivity and used for thermal insulation of building structures, industrial equipment and pipelines.

The production of thermal insulation materials arose in connection with the development of thermal and refrigeration equipment. The beginning of the application of thermal insulation dates back to the 18th century, when steam engines began to be used in industry. The first plant for the production of heat insulation materials based on burnt diatomite was built in Germany in 1855. Mineral wool from rocks was first obtained in 1905 in the United States.

Before the revolution, Russia essentially did not have an industry of heat-insulating materials. In the USSR in 1925, their manufacture began from diatomites with the addition of asbestosulferic waste, then they began to make asbotermite, in 1928 - asbestos everywhere. In the first five-year plan (19281932), the production of mineral wool, glass fiber, volcanite, fibrolite and other materials was organized. In the second five-year plan, old ones were reconstructed and new enterprises were built that produce heat insulation materials, the assortment was expanded and the quality of thermal insulation was improved. A significant increase in the production of thermal insulation materials and the expansion of their range were achieved after the Great Patriotic War.

Currently, the following mineral wool materials and products are being manufactured:

Pieces (plates, cylinders, semi-cylinders, segments):

soft;

semi-rigid;

rigid;

higher rigidity.

Roll and cord products:

mats in rolls;

cords

Loose materials:

mineral wool (raw);

granular mineral wool;

mineral wool mixture for mastic insulation.

Heat insulation materials help reduce the material consumption of construction, reduce fuel consumption for heating the building and the production of various industrial products. Insulation of equipment surfaces at thermal power plants reduces heat loss by 25 times. In many cases, thermal insulation contributes to process intensification. At the same time, normal temperature working conditions and a comfortable microclimate in the premises are created.

A common feature of all heat-insulating materials is high porosity, which is achieved by various technological methods: formation of a fibrous framework, swelling of the mass during molding or heat treatment, porarization of the mass when mixed with foam, introduction of porous aggregates, etc.

Raw materials necessary for the manufacture of thermal insulation are available in almost all areas, which creates favorable conditions for the development of the production of thermal insulation materials.

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