Presses for assembly, correct, bending works - course

Introduction

The vibration reliability of any equipment with rotating units determines to a large extent the overall reliability of the equipment. In power engineering, engine building and instrument building, the vibrational state also determines the resource of the equipment produced, in the energy, gas and oil industries increases the maneuverability of the equipment and the degree of protection against man-made disasters, and in industries such as metallurgical or pulp making, it allows to improve the quality of the products produced.

Balancing of individual rotors, shafts and other rotating units of machines and mechanisms is essential in ensuring vibration reliability of equipment.

Modernization of the production and technical base of ATP at the present stage should be carried out using new, progressive forms and methods of maintenance and maintenance of rolling stock, increasing the level of mechanization and automation of production processes, introducing modern high-performance equipment, tooling and tools, one of the effective means to increase the productivity and quality of technical impacts in ATP, is the wide use of garage equipment.

For maintenance and TP of rolling stock, ATP currently uses a wide range of technological equipment, different both in terms of functional purpose and the principle of action, as well as in terms of design.

An important area of ​ ​ activity of design and design organizations is the improvement and design of new technological equipment for ATP, which allows solving issues of reducing the labor intensity of maintenance and TP, environmental protection, ecology, economics of material and labor costs, social and other problems.

The first stage of design activity is in-depth analysis of both the equipment produced and technical ideas in this field, including patent research. The correct engineering policy can only be set after this initial phase has been completed.

The solution of this issue is possible on the basis of the implementation of modern design methods based on the application of new technical solutions of progressive materials and components.

The purpose of my assignment is to use wrenches, which can be used in any industry for disassembling and assembling threaded joints, for works requiring accurate tightening torque, namely in the automotive industry are mainly designed for screwing and screwing the outer and inner nuts of wheels of cars, trucks, buses, trailers and semi-trailers. At STOA and ATP of our country, several types of wrench were used: pneumatic, pneumohydraulic impulse, hydraulic, vibration.

Chapter 1.1. Setting goals and objectives of equipment design improvement.

I used the "Technical Literature Department" at the Yakovlev National Library as the initial information for the analysis of the design and processability of garage equipment. Analyzing the technological processes of maintenance and TP of rolling stock performed using the corresponding technological equipment, taking into account:

- facilities of equipment usage;

- advantages of its use before manual operations or the use of non-mechanized equipment;

- improving the quality of technical impacts;

- possibility of specialization of individual samples of equipment, and its elements for enhancement for performance of specific operations of maintenance and TP complex;

-intelligence of equipment improvement on a qualitative or quantitative basis.

After searching these criteria, I managed to find several, in my opinion, promising patents for the invention, including:

- RU 2317189 - PNEUMATIC WRENCH;

- RU 2278775 - PNEUMATIC HYDRAULIC PULSE WRENCH;

- RU 2060148 - HYDRAULIC WRENCH;

- RU 2177401 - HYDRAULIC WRENCH;

- RU 2225288 - HYDRAULIC WRENCH;

- RU 2182533 - VIBRATION WRENCH.

Chapter 1.2. Analysis of functional and technological requirements for process equipment.

There are a large variety of types of wrench from the simplest (with manual drive) to automated, where all processes (entering the necessary parameters of the wrench, the task of tightening the threaded connections, choosing the mode of operation, etc.) can occur in automatic mode.

The most common requirements for wrenches are:

- effective unscrewing of "boiled" and rusted nuts with minimum time and effort,

- torque accuracy,

- wide range of capacities,

- elimination of vibration effect.

Automated wrenches require less physical costs from the operator, which increases labor productivity and speed for screwing and screwing of external and internal nuts, for example, one wheel, so an exemplary flow of cars should be taken into account when choosing a wrencher.

Development of Job Instruction for Maintenance of Pneumatic Wrench.

In order to ensure the safety of the tool, timely maintenance and lubrication is important, in accordance with the operating manual of this tool.

Lubricating oils on the surfaces of the parts, which are mutually movable during operation, form a film, drastically reducing the coefficient of friction and, therefore, the loss of power to overcome the friction forces. Note here that tool efficiency is increased and wear of parts is reduced. In addition, the lubricating oils cool the friction parts of the tool .

Turbine oil of T22 grade GOST 3274, which does not form a precipitate that causes contamination of the lubrication system and corrosion of parts, is used to lubricate the wrench.

Table 3 below shows the maintenance flow sheet of this pneumatic wrench.

The following were used to complete this card:

- equipment catalog;

- labor intensity standards.

Conclusion

invention is related to automated tool and may be used for assembly of threaded joints with control of tightening force by torque and spindle turn angle in various industries. The present invention has several advantages over the rest of the samples:

- small overall dimensions and weight;

- high level of automation;

- high level of accuracy of performed works;

- universality.

From the analysis and evaluation of patent information from 6 analogues, this pneumatic wrench has the greatest coefficient of completeness of the invention, i.e. G = 0.899, which indicates a progressive trend in the development of this type of garage equipment, however, there is still a reserve for improving this tool (d = 0.101).

Naturally, this equipment has a small minus - these are not high enough technological capabilities, since the electronic unit and the wrench are connected to each other by an electric cable, which makes it difficult to operate the wrench at various working places for assembling threaded connections.

Many motorists often do not think about the importance of such a simple procedure as "correct" tightening of threaded connections, without paying due attention to it. Although in fact, the service life of the joints, the assembly, the unit, the machine as a whole depends on the correctness of tightening the threaded connections, since tearing down the thread or self-screwing the connection can entail a number of difficulties in servicing the equipment, can lead to a sudden dependent failure, etc.

In conclusion, I note that this tool will be effective in the mass organization of the provision of services both in small enterprises because it has a fairly high versatility, efficiency, reduces the labor intensity of the work provided at times.