Passenger Car Service Station

Contents

Summary

Introduction

1. Analysis of the project development of the STR

2. Process calculation of STR

3. Development of tire and wheel balancing section

4. Design Part

5. Environmental and economic justification of measures ensuring ecological cleanliness of the designed workshop

6. Business Plan

7. Occupational safety

List of literature

Applications

Graphic part

Format

1. STO Master Plan

2. Layout of production building A

3. Layout of busbar and wheel balancing section A

4. Wheel and Disc Settings A

5. Process diagram of STO

6. Sketch of a rack of the P-97M A elevator

7. Accessory for lifting of "GAZELLE" class vehicles on P-97M A lift

8. Planning of Acceptance and Primary Diagnostics Area A

9. Layout of in-depth diagnostics section A

10. Sketch of Sviyaga A water treatment plant

11. Financial indicators of STO

Summary

In this diploma project, a car maintenance station has been developed.

In the technological part, the justification of the capacity of the car workshop was made, the annual scope of work, the number of production workers, the number of posts, and the areas of production premises and buildings were calculated. Development of section of light adjustment of headlamps and angles of controlled wheels installation with development of technological process and selection of technological equipment was carried out.

The design part proposes the development of a universal extractor and a portable cylinder for pumping tires. Elements of extractor and portable cylinder for tyre pumping for compression, crushing, bending, stretching, strength were checked.

The section on nature protection deals with the problem of environmental pollution during the operation of the STO and provides methods to ensure the environmentally friendly operation of the enterprise. Application of water treatment plant is considered.

The section on occupational safety presents calculations of artificial lighting, general ventilation of the production building of fire safety of motor vehicles

Business Plan was developed, the economic effect of this project was calculated, and the payback period for capital investments was calculated.

Introduction

The high growth rate of the fleet of cars owned by citizens, the production by domestic factories of cars of complicated design, the increase in the number of foreign-made cars and, at the same time, the increase in the number of persons incompetent in the maintenance of their vehicles, the intensification of traffic on the roads and other factors led to the creation of a new industry - automotive service.

The cost-effectiveness of road transport is that it saves time and accelerates economic processes.

Every four of the six cars of the total world fleet are cars and they account for more than 60% of passengers transported by all modes of transport.

The car service in the broad sense of the word is the infrastructure of road transport, which includes increasing the throughput of streets, building roads and their improvement, organizing parking lots and garages, trading, maintaining the operability and restoration of cars, its technical operation, ensuring traffic safety and environmental protection, building car maintenance stations, warehouses, gas stations and other enterprises.

Car malfunctions are random and often unpredictable. According to studies, 85% of faults are small, that is, the amount of work to eliminate them is within 1.52 people.

Of the remaining 15% of faults, only 1/3 are complex. Based on the conditions of minimizing time losses for maintenance and repair, there are problems related to the location of the workshop and the organization of the service provision process.

The most important areas of improvement of maintenance and repair of passenger cars are:

- application of advanced technological processes;

- Improving the organization and management of production activities;

- increase of efficiency of use of fixed assets and reduction of labour intensity of industry;

- application of new, more advanced technological and construction projects;

- reconstruction of the existing car maintenance stations taking into account the actual need for the types of work, as well as the possibility of their further phased development;

- Improving the quality of services and developing material and moral incentives.

Managing the production activities of maintenance stations, improving working conditions, improving labor efficiency, meeting the requirements of clientele and competition, as well as using fixed assets at a rational cost of resources is one of the urgent tasks of technical operation of vehicles.

1. Analysis of the development of the STO project.

1.1. Location of Car Workshop

The designed STO will be located in a residential area, on one of the main streets of the city. The population of the district is 15 thousand people.

The saturation of cars is 100 cars per 1000 people (1,500 cars).

Natural conditions:

-climate moderately continental

- average winter temperature -14 0s

- average summer temperature + 17 0s

- snow cover thickness 20-25 cm

-the depth of ground freezing is 115- 120 cm

- amount of precipitation on average for the year 550 mm

-wind wind north-west

1.2 Reasons for CST Development

1.2.1 Description of the structure of maintenance and maintenance of passenger cars.

In the area of ​ ​ the proposed construction of the designed workshop, there are no enterprises providing car maintenance and repair services. The nearest STO is located at a distance of about 3 km. From this, it follows that residents of the city are forced to service private cars either on their own in garage conditions, or to transfer cars to maintenance stations located in other parts of the city, which is difficult and expensive with a serious failure of the car. Service on its own, in garage conditions, entails a number of harmful consequences. Here are some of them:

- pollution of the environment;

- poor-quality repair and maintenance;

- long-term simple car.

1.2.2 Pollution of the environment

Currently, in our country there is a struggle for environmental cleanliness. And in our case, it turns out that due to the lack of spent production materials and unsuitable parts in the area of ​ ​ reception points, there is constant pollution of soil, water and air. Motorists serving their cars leave spent oils, technical liquids and parts unsuitable for restoration in the territory of garage cooperatives, thereby creating landfills.

1.2.3. Poor repair and maintenance.

It is impossible to carry out quality service independently or in the conditions of private garages, without the use of modern diagnostic and repair equipment, modern technologies. This problem leads to the fact that cars leave on the roads in a faulty, and sometimes critical condition, thereby creating emergency situations on the roads. This also affects the difficulty of undergoing a technical inspection of the car in the traffic police and the appearance of more complex failures due to incorrect, poor-quality and untimely repair of the car.

1.2.4. Long-term simple cars.

This condition inconveniences only the owner of the car, a private person. But, if the car is operated by any commercial organization, then its simple, due to a malfunction, leads to direct losses of the enterprise.

Having analyzed this state of transport, its impact on the environment and the conditions of maintenance and repair, you can see the feasibility of developing a workshop for a selected area of ​ ​ the city, which is the task of this diploma project.

2.Technological calculation of STR.

2.1. Main indicators of STO.

The specificity of the operation of the workshop as a production enterprise imposes certain conditions on the established concepts of the main indicators of such an enterprise. Two main indicators are set for STOA: production capacity and station size.

The production capacity of industrial enterprises is determined by the quantity of products produced in natural or value terms for a certain period. For STOA, this indicator is the number of fully serviced vehicles during the year.

The size of the enterprise is determined by the amount of living and social work, that is, the number of workers and production funds. With some assumption, the size of the production assets, and therefore the size of the workshop, may be characterized by the number of posts and cars intended for simultaneous maintenance, repair, waiting and storage of cars.

Currently, it is customary to estimate both the production capacity and the size of the service station with one indicator - the number of work posts:

The annual scope of TP post work for urban STR is determined by the specific labor intensity of maintenance and maintenance of the car per 1000 km of mileage.

The capacity and size of the service station should, on the one hand, ensure the loading of equipment (posts) and production personnel of the station, and on the other hand, avoid excessive time losses in anticipation of maintenance and repair of cars.