Overhaul of railway 36 on the street. Stepan Razin in Voronezh

1. Description of types of beacons and their disadvantages.

1.1. The simplest beacon is made by applying a layer of cement mortar or alabaster across the crack. Minor deformations of the structures cause the beacon to rupture. Such a beacon does not allow us to conclude about the development of deformations of parts of buildings, since rupture often occurs due to temperature effects, vibration or single impact loads. Upon completion of the load cycle (seasonal temperature changes), the crack may decrease and assume the initial opening width. It is impossible to measure the change in the width of the crack, and its appearance within the lighthouse causes a negative reaction from residents. Moreover, it is unacceptable to make beacons from paper strips.

1.2. Lighthouse designs offered in the technical literature allow you to make the necessary measurements, but are difficult to install and manufacture. They are various mechanical devices that require fabrication in factory conditions with a certain accuracy.

1.3. The proposed lighthouse is devoid of these disadvantages and allows measuring with the required accuracy for a practical purpose.

2. Beacon device.

2.1. The proposed beacon is simple to manufacture and install and represents two parallel glass plates with hairlines opposite each other.

2.2. Before installing the beacon on the crack, the surface of the structure should be cleaned of plaster and other finishing materials.

2.3. Glass plates are attached to the surface of the structure on cement or alabaster mortar parallel to the crack. After strength is gained by solution on plates, hairlines are applied by glass cutting along one straight line perpendicular to direction of plates.

2.4. The beacon installation drawing is given on sheet 1.

3. Watching beacons.

3.1. The "Beacon Observation Log" is issued on the lighthouse system of each building.

3.2. When installing beacons near each of them, its number and installation date are applied with indelible paint.

3.3. The caliper measures the size between the plates and is recorded in the observation log as the initial size (size "a" in the lighthouse installation drawing). Note here that caliper measures size "a" and, with the help of right triangle, displacement of hairlines relative to each other (refer to drawing for removal of measurements on sheet 1). The results of measurements are recorded in the observation log with indication of the date of measurements and signatures of the persons conducting the observation.

СТ.РАЗИНА, 36.dwg