Compass Building Architecture Coursework Project

Contents

Task

Schedule of the complex course project

Summary

Introduction

1. Features of structural solutions of residential and public buildings

1.1 General part

1.1.1 Construction area

1.1.2 Volume Planning Solution

1.2 Architectural and structural solution

1.2.1 Foundation

1.2.2 Walls and partitions

1.2.3 Overlaps

1.2.4 Stairs

1.2.5 Roof, roof, drainage

1.2.6 Windows, doors

1.3 Finishing

1.4 Floor Explication

1.5 Specification of opening filling elements

1.6 Specification of prefabricated elements

1.7 Engineering Equipment

1.7.1 Power supply

1.7.2 Sewerage

1.7.3 Water supply

1.7.4 Gas supply

1.7.5 Heating system

1.8 Technical and economic indicators

2. Structural Design Features

2.1 Foundation calculation

2.2 Determination of foundation bottom elevation

2.3 Determination of number of foundation blocks by height

2.4 Determination of pillow width

2.5 Load collection

2.5.1 Calculation of load on 1m ² roof

2.5.2 Calculation of load on 1m ² of coating slab

2.5.3 Calculation of load on 1m ² slab

2.6 Calculation of load on 1 length of foundation

2.7 Determination of required width of foundation cushion

2.7.1 Determination of specific adhesion and angle of internal friction

2.7.2 Determination of design resistance R

2.7.3 Refine the width of the tape foundation cushion

2.7.4 Check of selected width of foundation cushion

2.8 Calculation of tape foundation by material

2.8.1 Load taking into account safety factor by responsibility

2.8.2 Determination of soil support p

2.8.3 Determination of length of cantilever section of foundation

2.8.4 Calculation of transverse force per meter of foundation length

2.8.5 Bending moment acting on the edge of the foundation block

2.8.6 Determination of required area of cushion reinforcement

2.8.7 Checking the strength of the cushion on the action of transverse force

2.9 Determination of Lifting Loop Diameter

3. Peculiarities of civil building construction technology

3.1. Routing for facade finishing

3.1.1 Map Scope

3.1.2 Calculation of scope of work

3.1.3 Calculation of labor costs and wages

3.1.4 Instructions for performance of works

3.1.5 Safety Instructions

3.1.6 Calculation of technical and economic indicators

3.2. Work Schedule

3.2.1 Calculation of Scope of Work

3.2.2 Labor and Machine Time Cost Sheet

3.2.3 Selection of the driving mechanism

3.2.4 Construction Structure and Material Requirements List

3.2.5 Instructions for performance of works

3.2.5.1 Earthworks

3.2.5.2 Installation of foundations

3.2.5.3 Waterproofing of foundations

3.2.5.4 Brickwork of walls

3.2.5.5 Installation of reinforced concrete structures

3.2.5.6 Roofing works

3.2.5.7 Floor arrangement

3.2.5.8 Finishing works

3.2.6 Safety Instructions

3.2.6.1 Earthworks

3.2.6.2 Installation of reinforced concrete elements

3.2.6.3 Roofing works

3.2.6.4 Electrical installation works

3.2.6.5 Finishing works

3.2.7 Calculation of technical and economic indicators

Conclusion 39 List of literature

Introduction

The main purpose of architecture has always been to create the life environment necessary for the existence of a person, the nature and comfort of which was determined by the level of development of society, its culture, and the achievements of science and technology. This life environment, called architecture, is embodied in buildings that have internal space, complexes of buildings and structures that organize external space - streets, squares and cities.

Architecture plays an important role in human life. The purpose of the architecture is to create an environment in which society can carry out its life processes favorably. This life environment, called architecture, is embodied in buildings that have internal space, complexes of buildings and structures that organize external space - streets, squares and cities.

Cost reduction in architecture and construction is carried out by rational space-planning solutions of buildings, correct selection of construction and finishing materials, design facilitation, improvement of construction methods. The main economic reserve in urban planning is to increase the efficiency of land use.

The purpose of this course project is to develop a one-story cottage with an attic with dimensions in terms of 9˟9m and a workshop for repairing construction machines with dimensions in terms of 72˟36m, while most fully reflecting the knowledge within the framework of the course theme. It is also necessary to consolidate the studied material and apply in practice the theoretical knowledge acquired during the study of the discipline "Architecture of buildings and structures." Learn how to design industrial and civil buildings, perform drawings of the plan, facade, section, roof plan, foundation, etc.; Expand its knowledge of the design features of industrial and civil buildings.

A low-rise residential building is being built as an artistic whole in accordance with its functional program. The composition of a residential building organizes an art form, gives unity and integrity, complementarity and proportionality of the elements of the building to each other and the whole. It is very comfortable for living and meets functional requirements. The house developed in the course project is most suitable for construction in suburban or rural areas.

When designing industrial buildings, it is necessary to ensure the possibility of their construction by industrial methods from enlarged prefabricated elements, as well as take into account the requirements of architecture.

The design of industrial enterprises is a complex complex task, solved jointly by technologists, designers, architects and other specialists. They are faced with the tasks of introducing the latest production technologies, rational space-planning solutions of buildings, ensuring regulatory sanitary and hygienic conditions in workshops in the territories of enterprises and protecting the environment.

One of the most important tasks in the field of design is to increase the level of industrialization of construction, the widespread use of unified structures and factory parts made of efficient construction materials. Efficient reinforced concrete structures are widely introduced, including pre-stressed, reinforced with high-strength reinforcement, structures in the form of arches and shells. The use of steel structures made of high-quality steels has increased.

Civil building

1.1 Description of the construction site

The construction site is Salavat.

According to SNiP 230199 "Construction climatology" [24] air temperature of the coldest five days is 36 ° С; ground freezing depth - 1.8 m; the prevailing wind direction for June-August - north, for December-February - south; humidity zone - normal; seismicity - no .

1.2 Volumetric - planning solutions

Space-planning solution - system of space placement in the building. The volume and layout elements include large parts into which the entire volume of the building can be divided (floor, separate rooms, part of the building between the main walls that dissect it).

In this course project, a one-story cottage with an attic was developed, designed for living with one family or family vacation.

This building has a rectangular configuration, with a plan size of 9.0 × 9.0 m. The height of the 1st floor is 3 m, the height of the attic is 4.5 m.

The first floor consists of the following rooms: living room, kitchen, bedroom, verandah, bathroom, bathroom, hall.

On the attic floor there are three bedrooms.

The building is arceless, low-rise belongs to the I degree of fire resistance and in terms of durability to the II class.

Space areas are indicated in the drawings in the graphic part.

The porch of the entrance of the main facade is raised, which emphasizes the solemnity of the architectural decision.

In arceless buildings, spatial rigidity is provided by the arrangement of internal longitudinal walls, as well as inter-floor floors connecting the walls to each other.

Around the building there is a pavement of asphalt concrete with a width of 1000 mm, a thickness of 150 mm.

All rooms are illuminated by natural and artificial light in accordance with the requirements of SNiP 23.05.95 * "Natural and artificial lighting"

Industrial building

2.1 Space planning solutions

This project has developed a one-story industrial two-span building for a mechanical engineering enterprise. In plan, the building has a rectangular shape. Overall markings of the building in plan 36˟72 m.

The height from the floor to the bottom of the rafters is 16.940 meters. The building is two-span, the span length is 18 m, the pitch of the outer and inner columns is 6 meters. The building has lifting and transportation equipment - a crane-beam with a carrying capacity of 2 tons.

The frame of this building consists of transverse frames formed by columns and bearing structures of the coating - trusses and longitudinal elements: foundation beams, rafters, slabs.

The unification of industrial buildings provides a certain system for linking structural elements to modular layout axes. In this course design, the "zero" column reference is adopted.

In terms of fire resistance and fire hazard class, the building belongs to the first degree; in terms of durability - the first degree (more than 100 years); by capital class - to class II; by the material of the main load-bearing structures - a building with a reinforced concrete frame (prefabricated); according to the structural peculiarity of the coating schemes - with flat coatings (trusses); heating system - heated building; by lighting system - with combined lighting (with natural and artificial lighting); according to the profile of the coating - a building without lampposts.

Drainage - internal organized. The walls are designed from lightweight concrete panels 250 mm thick with simple glazing.

Conclusion

In this course project, the design of a one-story cottage with an attic with dimensions in terms of 9˟9m and a workshop for the repair of construction machines with dimensions in terms of 72˟36m was carried out.

In the process of developing a course project, the previously acquired knowledge in the discipline "Architecture of buildings and structures" is fixed. At the same time, the deepest knowledge and full understanding of the process of designing civil and industrial buildings were obtained.

This course project made it possible to learn all the subtleties and nuances in the design of buildings.

In general, work on course design has allowed to get a lot of new information in the construction industry.

Upon completion of the design, the merits of the work carried out can be noted:

Systematizing previous knowledge;

deepening and better understanding of the project development process;

normative documentation skills;

- obtaining practical skills when calculating technical and economic indicators;

- improvement of drawing skills;

- New knowledge of interior design and decoration;

- the ability to distinguish the most necessary from a large amount of information;

- fixing of known and obtaining new information on graphic and text design of the course project.