Office Water Project - Drawing

Contents

Contents

1. Introduction

2. General provisions

3. Source Data

4. Piping Arrangement

5. Literature

Introduction

Water is essential for life. When designing buildings, especially residential buildings, it is required that water is supplied to all dwellings, without exception, in accordance with their basic needs. In fact, this is ensured by the laws in force.

"Basic needs" include not only water needed to sustain life, but also water for sanitary and fire-fighting needs. This is the essence of the definition of the subject "Water supply and sewerage" in relation to residential buildings. Sometimes gas supply is also included here, but this is done rather due to some external similarity of systems.

In the course of human history, the search for water determined the locations of camps, parking lots and cities and is the first problem in the implementation of the housing project, whether it be a separate house or an entire massif. There are two categories of water sources - individual and communal (centralized), and before continuing the project, it is necessary to verify the presence of at least one of them.

The individual source of water can be groundwater extracted from the formations by means of wells, a closely located river or lake, or rainwater collected and stored in tanks. Rain water flowing on the ground is usually heavily polluted. For most locations, an individual water source means a well. There are no rules or principles according to which it would be possible to predict the production of a well, so the best way is to study the area. The more wells are drilled, the more likely it is to find an additional source of water. At the same time, the more wells are drilled, the more water will be extracted from the aquifer and the greater the danger of damaging or depleting it. Sometimes the aquifer is under a pressure sufficient to discharge the water outwardly. The well in which such a source is used is called artesian, however, in most wells, a pump is needed to raise water to the surface and create a head under which water will be transported. Well is created by drilling round hole in ground to depth at which sufficient amount of water is supplied from well.

In order to obtain a continuous channel for lifting water, a pipe of corrosion resistant material is clogged into the hole. The lower part of the pipe is provided with a perforated screen, usually of brass, which should be located in the aquifer. Water enters the pipe through perforation. In addition, the screen serves as a filter to retain sand, clay and gravel as much as possible. In most residential projects, the diameter of the pipe is 100-200 mm, but it also happens to be large. The well pump is made to enter the pipe. The pump shaft is driven by an electric motor or gas turbine located at the top of the well to be covered. Depending on the location of the pump, engine room heating may be required, especially for areas with cold climates. As long as the water flows from the well, it cannot freeze, but this can happen at night or at other times when the pump is stopped.

The source of water of the second type is the communal water supply. In this case, villages and towns are supplied centrally through a network of pipes called water mains. This network is usually laid out along the streets and alleys (or next to them). It's clearly mapped. Branches from highways to consumers are controlled by city authorities.

General provisions

1. The project documentation is based on the following documents:

- AR grade drawings

- SNiP 2.04.0185 * "Internal water supply and sewerage of buildings"

2. This project solves cold water supply issues

3. For relative elevation 0.000 the elevation of clean floor of the first floor is accepted

4. Calculations of internal water supply and sewerage systems are performed in accordance with SNiP 2.04.0185 * "Internal water supply and sewerage of buildings"

5. Install and test water supply and sewerage systems in accordance with SNiP 3.05y0185 * "Internal Sanitary and Technical Systems" and SP 40-101-96

6. Risers and water supply networks shall be made of polypropylene pipes

7. Internal cold water supply systems are designed to supply water that meets the requirements of SanPiN 2.1.4.107401 "Drinking water. Hygienic requirements for water quality of centralized drinking water supply systems. Quality control. "

8. The exact number of shaped parts and fixtures for water supply and sewerage systems is specified by the installation organization on site during construction and installation works

The building is provided with inputs from city water supply networks to internal fire fighting .

The purified water is then pressurized by a booster pump unit at such a pressure as to provide both the farthest and highest point of the building with the supply of water.

Piping Arrangement

When designing a water supply network, it is necessary to strive for the smallest length of water pipelines. Administrative buildings with a height of less than 12 floors with basements and technical underground are equipped with a typical drinking water supply with a dead end network and with a lower circuit of a breeding main. At that, horizontal pipelines are laid with slope of at least 0.002 towards inlet or risers. It is advisable to lay the entry into the middle of the building at right angles to the building wall. In the presence of booster pumps, which are usually located in a separate building, the input is sent from the place of tie-in to the street network, first to this building, and then to a residential building. The water metering unit is located directly behind the external wall of the building in a convenient and easily accessible room with artificial or natural lighting, with a temperature of at least 5 ° C. In water supply systems with booster pumps, when they are located in a separate room, the water meter is installed in the same room as the pumps .

Steel, cast iron, asbestos cement, plastic, reinforced concrete and other pipes are used for the construction of pressure water pipelines and networks. Concrete pipes, as well as open channels made of concrete, reinforced concrete or earthen with clothes of the bottom and slopes of various types are used for pressure-free water ducts. water supply and drainage of residential building

Notes

1. External diameter of pipelines is taken as nominal diameter of steel and polypropylene pipes

2. Risers and main pipelines of pressure engineering systems shall be laid in thermal insulation

3. Isolation valves on the plan are not conventionally shown (see diagrams)

ПРОЕКТ - Малдарбеков Жандос ТПГС-24.dwg