Multi-storey residential building automatic fire alarm project

1. General provisions and purpose of the installation.

This working project envisages equipment with an automatic fire alarm system, a fire warning system for people, as well as automation of smoke protection systems and internal fire water supply of a 17-storey residential building with office premises located on the 1st floor. The working design takes into account the issuance of commands to the fire warning system of the 1st type in the residential part of the building and the fire warning system of the 2nd type in the office part of the building, to the elevator control cabinets, smoke protection systems and internal fire water supply

An integrated approach is provided with the condition of interaction of all systems implementing fire protection of the building and taking into account the necessary operational reliability in Russian operating conditions. Conditions for further development, modification and possible changes in the process of building operation are provided.

The division of responsibility for the operation and installation of equipment by building engineering systems is taken into account, which in turn plays a positive role in regulating relations between subcontracting installation organizations.

The proposed design solution is the result of an analysis of previously completed projects for the construction of residential buildings in Moscow .

2. Basis for project development and source data.

The working design was developed on the basis of the _____________ agreement and the terms of reference for the development of design documentation issued by the Customer to the facility at the address: _______________________________________

Source data received:

- technical assignment from the customer;

- architectural and planning solutions of the building;

- technical specifications of adjacent sections of CW and CW.

3. List of regulatory documents.

The working project was developed in accordance with the current norms, rules and standards, as well as the territorial norms of Moscow and meets the requirements for environmental protection.

PPB 0103 * * "Fire Safety Rules in the Russian Federation."

GOST 21.10197 "SPDS Basic Requirements for Design and Detailed Design Documentation."

GOST 2799088 "Means of security, fire and fire alarm. General technical requirements. "

RD 25.95390 "Automatic fire extinguishing systems, fire alarm systems. Symbols and schematic graphical links. "

Construction Norms and Regulations 11.0195 "The instruction about an order of development, coordination, a statement and structure of documentation on construction of the enterprises, buildings and constructions".

SNiP 31.012003 "Residential apartment buildings."

SNiP 21.0197 "Fire safety of buildings and structures."

NPB 882001 * "Fire fighting and alarm systems. Design Codes and Regulations. "

NPB 10503 "Determination of categories of rooms, buildings and outdoor installations by explosion and fire hazard."

NPB 11003 "List of buildings, structures, premises and equipment subject to protection by automatic fire extinguishing units and automatic fire alarm."

NPB 10403 "Design of fire warning systems for people in buildings and structures."

NPB 7698 "Fire detectors. General technical requirements. "

VSN 6089 "Communication, signaling and dispatching device of residential and public buildings. Design Standards. "

RD 78.14593 "Systems and complexes of security, fire and fire alarm. Rules for performance of works. "

PUE-98 "Electrical Installation Rules." Edition No. 8.

MGSN 3.0101 "Residential buildings."

4. Brief description of the object and protected premises.

The object is a 17-story residential building with the first non-residential floor, at the address: ______________________________________________________.

The height of the building is 17 floors, the area of ​ ​ apartments on one floor is less than 500m2.

The building provides:

1. two elevators (freight, passenger),

2. unnamed escape stairs.

5. Justification of used equipment

5.1 Control and receiving device.

The project provides for the use of the Russian device of the automatic fire alarm and control system PPKOPU 01121241 "Minitronik24," "Minitronik8." The equipment has been certified and is mass-produced since 2002. Developer and manufacturer of Unitest CJSC in Moscow. The warranty for the device is 10 years. (SSPB.RU.UP001. and ROSS.RU.). Certificates are valid up to year.

The device is designed for autonomous and centralized fire protection of small, medium and distributed objects. The device is based on the ideology of the most consumer-oriented - high information content due to additional indication of the state of the SH, the simplicity and ease of perception of messages does not require additional control panels.

The embedded algorithms of the device do not require programming, it is enough to turn on with the correct installation and the device itself will make all the settings, which makes it modern, simple and accessible to a wide range of users.

Built-in control of all control circuits by fire functions allows to control the warning system of I, II and III type according to NPB 10403 and to control the smoke protection systems of buildings without additional control units, which significantly reduces the cost of building protection.

Automatic reexamination of fire detectors allows improving the reliability of fire detection and eliminating false triggers.

SCP provides:

- reception of information on 24 (8) alarm loops on penetration, fire and malfunctions, as well as from sensors of engineering systems.

- notification of the personnel on duty about the events with the help of light and sound messages, as well as to remote warning devices and PCP.

- control of smoke removal and warning devices with control circuits control.

Firefighters are double-threshold, which makes it possible to distinguish the operation of one or two fire detectors in the loop and to generate signals "Attention," "FIRE," as well as to recognize the operation of sensors of building engineering systems (normally closed contacts) included in the same loop (control of the position of DD valves).

Bipolar SGs make it possible to increase the reliability of the system and receive "Attention" and/or "FIRE" signals from fire detectors even when the alarm loop is faulty.

SCP provides power supply to active 24V fire detectors at total consumption current not more than 3 mA.

If necessary, the device can be protected from unauthorized access to control using electronic "Touch Memory" access keys.

When working with self-test smoke fire detectors IP 21249AM, the Minitronik 24 device, in addition to the main signals "Attention," "FIRE," PKP generates a "Message" signal informing about the detector malfunction or dust.

5.2 Self-test smoke detector.

ISP 21249AM "ONE HOUSE" smoke fire detector with automatic serviceability check is designed for early detection of fire in the protected room and output of the signal "Warning," "FIRE," as well as in case of smoke chamber dust and/or malfunction of any detector unit it outputs the signal "Malfunction" to SCP. "Message" signal is generated on "Minitronik" SCP in case of dust and malfunction.

Constant measurement of the optical density of the smoke chamber medium and self-diagnostics of all detector units makes it possible to increase the reliability of fire detection at an early stage, increase the reliability of fire detection, and eliminate false actuations.

The detector provides compensation for dust content of the smoke chamber, which makes it possible to increase the service life of the detector and the absence of false "FIRE" signals from dust content. Separate indication is provided for dust and fault in the detector with LED. Replacement of the detector does not require reprogramming of the system.

Early detection of faulty self-test detectors allows you to constantly maintain the automatic fire detection system in working condition with the guarantee that the system is operational.

5.3 Fire control module PR-2.

The fire control module (hereinafter PR-2) operates as part of the Minitronik PCP and is designed to issue commands for control of automatic smoke removal units, fire warning and control of building engineering equipment.

The module is supplied in a separate housing and is connected to "Minitronik" SCP using a ribbon cable. On the module there are 6 relays with switching contacts (5A, 220V) and galvanically isolated control of the control circuit for each relay separately. Control circuit control for normally open contact groups is activated when jumpers above relays are removed.

Each relay can be connected to a certain group of 6, 12, 18, 24 PKP alarm loops, the relay is switched on by the "FIRE" signal to the SB from the PKP.

Grouping of PCS and relay assignment is determined by one of 16 nested algorithms of module operation. The module operation algorithm is selected using the jammers on the module board.

5.4 Structure of shleyfovy management UShU1.

USHU-1 is intended for generation of commands for control of automatic fire extinguishing, smoke removal, warning and control of building engineering equipment from detectors installed in this SH. It is connected in a convenient place for control to the fire alarm loop of any SCP and does not require additional power. The control circuit monitoring function is built in.

Switching on the relay is adjusted by actuation of one or two detectors in the alarm loop with a possible delay of 0-90 seconds.

Relays with switching contacts up to 3A, 250V. The relay operation mode is constant or pulse (closed for 5 seconds) is selected by the jumper.

5.5 Fire detector thermal IP 1035/1CA1 * * with LED and NR contacts.

In accordance with item 1.17.6.1 of NPB 7698 all automatic detectors shall have an LED, which is switched on in the mode of alarm notification.

The announcer fire thermal SP 1035/1CA1 ** is intended for detection of the fire which is followed by allocation of heat with a temperature of operation of 5465 wasps and automatic switch-on of a signal "Attention" and "Fire" from one or two announcers in SS respectively .

6. Main design solutions for equipment protection and placement.

The adopted technical solution is based on an integrated approach to fire protection of the building. Automatic fire alarm provides early detection of a fire in apartments, in out-of-apartment corridors, in the garbage collection chamber and sends signals to the systems: alerts and evacuations of people, smoke removal and other engineering systems that ensure the safe presence of people in the building in emergency and extreme situations. Signals from automatic fire alarm loops are transmitted to PKP "Minitronik 24" No. 1. PKP "Minitronik 24" No. 2 controls the internal fire water supply. "Minitronik 8" provides fire protection of office premises of the 1st floor and management of engineering equipment of these premises.

In each room of apartments, autonomous smoke fire detectors are installed in accordance with NPB 6697, taking into account the closure of the area by one detector no more than 20m2 IP 21243M, in the project the detectors are not shown on floor plans, they are taken into account in the specification.

The building is equipped with automatic fire alarm:

- public places (MOS) - out-of-apartment corridors, smoke fire detectors IP 21249AM;

- front apartments - heat fire detectors IP 1035/1SA1 * * with NR contacts and manual fire detector IPR-I (addressing of 4 apartments);

- by escape routes in PC box - manual fire detectors IPR-I;

- installation of UOS2k ISP on fire cranes;

- concierge room (smoke fire detectors);

- garbage collection chamber (smoke fire detectors);

- office premises (smoke and manual fire detectors);

- electrical panel (smoke fire detectors and manual fire detector);

- on the ground floor of the residential part there is a light-and-sound fire alert "KOP25" FIRE, "on all subsequent floors and in the engine room of elevators sound fire alerts AC10 are installed.

Detectors designed for automatic activation of fire-fighting automation are located in accordance with item 13.1 of NPB 882001 *: "The fire alarm system equipment shall generate commands for the control of automatic fire extinguishing or smoke removal units, or fire warning, or for the control of engineering equipment of objects when at least two fire detectors are triggered, the distance between which in this case should be not more than half of the normative one, determined according to Tables 5-8, respectively."

Signal for actuation of "FIRE" automatics is generated in the following cases:

Automatically:

- actuation of at least two automatic fire detectors in the front apartment;

- actuation of at least two automatic fire detectors in the out-of-apartment corridors;

- actuation of at least two automatic fire detectors in the concierge room;

Remotely:

- actuation of manual fire detector in the fire crane cabinet on each floor;

- actuation of the manual fire detector installed in the apartment.

When the "Fire" signal is received, the SCP generates control signals to the fire automation control system (using pre-programmed logic) through the relay of the PR-2 module, namely:

• actuation of smoke removal systems (opening of smoke removal valves through UHU separately on floors);

• lowering of cargo and passenger elevators to the first landing floor;

• activation of fire warning and evacuation systems;

• inclusion of air pressure systems in elevator shafts and non-smoke ladder;

• "Fire" signal to ODS ("FIRE" relay of the device);

• signal "Malfunction" on the ODS (relay "MALFUNCTION" of the device );

• "Fire" signal to the PCP ("FIRE" relay of the device);

• signal "Malfunction" on the PCP (relay "MALFUNCTION" of the device).

Generation of signal for fire water pipeline pump start is output at opening of the floor fire valve automatically from ISP US2k with duplicate command pulse from the pressure sensor installed on the technical floor.

7. Principle of automatic fire alarm system operation, interconnection with warning systems, smoke protection automation and internal fire water supply.

Fire alarm loops are guarded around the clock and cannot be removed.

In standby mode the green LED "Standby mode" is ON on "Minitronik" SCP.

When one smoke fire detector is activated in any SBS, the SCP reboot (resets the detector by power and restores it), and when the detector is activated again in the same loop, the device enters the "Attention" mode. On this signal, the LED "Warning" is illuminated in red, the LED indicating the number of the activated alarm loop begins to blink in red and the open collector of the device (hereinafter referred to as OK) "Warning/Fire" is turned on. "BIAL" light annunciator connected to OK comes ON near the device.

When the second smoke detector or manual fire detector operates in the same SBS, the device enters the "FIRE" mode. Red indicator "FIRE" is ON, LED indicating activated alarm loop is ON in red. The "Fire" relay of the device and the relay of the PR-2 module are switched on according to a pre-established algorithm.

Upon receipt of "FIRE" signal (i.e. actuation of two automatic or manual fire detector), a command is issued to:

1. warning system (RP2 module, relay No. 1);

2. opening of smoke removal valves on the fire floor (UShU1 installed for actuation of at least two detectors in SB);

3. lifting of elevators (module RP2, relay No. 2 and relay No. 3) (see specification No. 3);

4. start of VD1 smoke removal fans (RP2 module, relay No. 4);

5. start of air pressure fans to ladder PD2 (module RP2, relay No. 6) and elevator shafts PD1 (module RP2, relay No. 5);

6. CSC 01/ODS.

Information about opening of smoke removal valves at their opening is transmitted to the instrument indicating on which floor the valve is opened and the "Message" LED on the instrument lights up.

Generation of signal for fire pump activation is performed automatically from ISP UOS2K. PKP device "Minitronik 24" No. 2, having received a signal from the detector ISP UOS2K, outputs the signal "FIRE" and through RP2, relay No. 1 gives a command to start fire pumps .

Similar work is carried out with the "Minitronik8" device installed in office premises.

Upon receipt of "FIRE" signal (i.e. actuation of two automatic or manual fire detector) from other rooms, which are not protected by smoke removal, a command is issued to:

1. warning system ("Fire" relay of the device);

2. CSC 01.

8. Installation of electrical equipment and wires. Installation of equipment shall be carried out in strict accordance with the design. All deviations from the design solution shall be agreed with the design organization and supervisory authorities in writing, with a reasonable calculation confirming the reliability of fire protection of the building based on these deviations from the project.

The installation organization must familiarize itself with the design and study the equipment used before work. Organizations that previously used this equipment only need to study the project.

The equipment is allowed to be installed after the incoming control with the preparation of an act in the established form.

Installation is carried out after acceptance of the building for installation and the certificate of construction readiness in accordance with the requirement from SNiP 3.01.0185 "Organization of construction production."

Installation shall be carried out in a certain sequence:

- check of presence of embedded devices, holes for wire through passage;

- mark the routes;

- attach the ducts, cable-channels and PVC pipes in the places indicated;

- install wires;

- install detectors (close smoke detectors with dusting packages during installation works);

- install the control and receiving device (PKP) and power supply;

- connect alarm loops one by one (if "Malfunction" signal appears on the SCP via SB, eliminate these faults;

- perform individual tests of the device, turning on all SG detectors in turn;

- check operation of output relays.

The stage of integrated testing is carried out after completion of all installation works and individual tests. In order:

- check serviceability of all controlled devices;

- connect external control cables;

- set all installations to operating modes;

- perform comprehensive testing of the units.

Persons who have passed safety instructions are allowed to install and maintain the system. Passing the briefing is noted in the journal.

During installation works comply with the requirements of SNII480 Safety in Construction, Rules for Operation of Consumer Installations, Safety Rules for Operation of Electric Installations of Consumers of the State Energy Supervision.

During construction and installation works, the workstations of the installers must be equipped with devices that ensure the safety of the work.

When working with electrical installations, hang warning posters. Perform electrical works in operating units only after voltage removal.

Commissioning shall be carried out in accordance with the requirements of SNiP 3.05.06.