Main Building of STI MISiS - Diploma Project of Reconstruction

Introduction.

In the diploma project, a project is being developed to reconstruct the building of the house of life for the main building of the STI MISiS with the superstructure of the attic floor and the covering of the patio. In the section "organization of construction" of the diploma project, it is necessary to develop methods and methods of work performance taking into account the location of the facility within the city, to select the main construction machines for construction and installation work in cramped conditions, to develop a construction schedule and a construction master plan.

4.1 . Brief description of site location and construction conditions.

The initial data for the project execution is the project documentation of the project stage 020005.

The main building of the STI MISiS is located at the address of Stary Oskol, Mr. Olminsky. The object is located in the II climatic zone with an estimated outside winter air temperature of -24C. The terrain is calm, engineering and geological conditions are normal. The facility is located within the city in an area with developed infrastructure. In the immediate vicinity of the site there are engineering communications and the road to which the link will be made. The site for construction has dimensions in plan 141x83m. All the necessary materials and structures for construction are produced at local enterprises of the construction industry.

4.2 . Organization of inline construction.

Reconstruction is carried out by one object stream, in which a number of private streams are allocated. Identical or technologically homogeneous processes and operations are grouped into private flows.

The list of private flows, determination of the scope of work and labor costs by flows are summarized in the table "Structure of the complex flow."

Floor structures and staircase structures of the 2nd and 3rd floors are mounted by hydraulic boom self-propelled crane KS4371. The arrangement of partitions and plastering of the 2nd and 3rd floors is divided into 4 grips (each floor into two grips). The completion of the stone works on 1 capture opens the front of the works for the plastering of masonry, etc.

The number and size of grips is determined after determining the method of work and the direction of process development. The size of the grips is selected based on the conditions of the same or multiple duration of work on each of them and the expediency of the sequence of work.

4.5. Construction Master Plan.

The construction plan is being developed for the period of erection of the 2nd and 3rd floors of the main building of the STI MISiS and is depicted on a separate sheet of A1 format. On the same sheet, sections are shown with reference to mechanisms and their characteristics, material storage places, crane movement path, a separate explication of temporary buildings, structures and networks is given.

The construction site under development has an area of ​ ​ 11703 m2. Its fencing is made by a wooden fence. Roads, which later become permanent and asphalt, are sealed with rubble.

Before placing the car camp, the territory on which it will be located is compacted by crushed stone.

Temporary administrative and residential buildings are located by a separate group on the territory free from development by permanent facilities, outside the area of ​ ​ the installation machines, not far from the entrance to the construction site.

The calculation of the areas of sanitary, office and public premises is carried out according to the construction stages, based on the number of personnel according to the standards.

Temporary transformer substation and its connection to external (city) sources, as well as temporary low-voltage distribution network directly to consumers, lines, supports and searchlight masts are shown on the construction master plan.

Given the duration and scale of the construction of the domestic drinking water supply system is combined with fire protection, the diameter of the pipe for fire protection needs is accepted with a diameter of 100 mm, which provides household drinking and production needs, the diameter of the temporary water supply system is accepted with 100 mm. Install fire guides at a distance of not more than 100 m from each other, along the passage. The distance from the hydrant to the building shall not exceed 50 m. and not less than 5 m, from the edge of the road - not more than 2 m.

The locations of garbage removal devices from floors and territory are determined taking into account the convenient entrance of vehicles and the possibility of mechanized loading.

The location of the warehouse provides the possibility of unloading materials and structures and feeding them with a crane or a hoist directly to the place of their installation or use. The same sites are used sequentially to place warehouses of different materials.

4.6 . Measures aimed at ensuring the safety and prevention of theft of materials and equipment at the construction site, in buildings and structures.

To prevent theft and ensure the safety of materials, equipment and equipment on the construction site, in buildings and structures, the following measures must be taken:

1. Fence the territory, put a gate at the entrances;

2. Provide the object with security, at night turn on security lighting;

3.Malocalocal and valuable equipment and tools shall be removed to the closing warehouse after completion of work;

4. All domestic premises should be closed if there are no workers.

4.7 . Safety solutions and fire prevention measures are the most important for the facility as a whole.

Electrical safety at the construction site.

To prevent electrotram, protective grounding is used, which is made of metal rods clogged into the ground and designed so that a current that is not dangerous to his life passes through the human body. People who have reached the age of 18 and have undergone special training are allowed to work with the power tool. It is allowed to work only with a serviceable power tool, you cannot touch rotating parts or replace the cutting tool until it is completely stopped. During rain, work with the power tool is carried out only under the canopy.

Safety measures during loading and unloading operations.

It is forbidden: 1) to lift or tear off the sewn-in or covered structures with a crane; 2) leave structures suspended even for a short time; 3) pass or be under the load and boom of the crane.

Load-lifting devices and slings having a tag indicating the ultimate carrying capacity and date of inspection shall be used for cargo lifting. Loads shall be stroked in accordance with approved sling diagrams ensuring safety of works.

When unloading from vehicles, it is forbidden to move the boom or hook over the driver's cab by working people.

When receiving cargo, it should be located outside the hazardous area from the side of the opposite supply (at a distance of 7-10 m from the place of acceptance). It is allowed to approach the cargo when it is lowered to a height of 0.5-1 m above the installation site.

Safety precautions during operation of construction machines.

Lifting cranes and other construction machines are allowed for operation only after their registration and technical examination by the Gostekhnadzor authorities.

During operation of machines on the territory of the construction site, the distance between the buildings, the stack of structures and the rotary platform should be at least 1 m.

Operation of installation cranes in case of wind more than 6 points is stopped.

General safety requirements at the construction site.

The area of potentially acting hazardous factors (from the areas of the area near the building under construction and the floors of the building in one grip above which the structures are being installed) shall be marked with signal fences. The value of the hazardous area from the building is determined by the height of the possible fall of the load (object): at the elevation of the floor of the 3rd floor + 11.400, the minimum departure distance of the moving (falling) object in case of its fall from the building is 5 meters. The value of the hazardous area from the building is accepted 6 meters .

The value of hazardous area A during operation of the hoist is determined from the expression:

A = 5 + (1/15) * (H20) = 5m,

where N - height of load lifting, m. The dangerous zone of the elevator is protected. Safety signs shall be installed at the boundaries of hazardous areas.

When organizing a construction site and routing temporary roads, minimum distances must be observed: between the road and the storage site 0.51 m, between the road and the fence enclosing the construction site - 1.5 m. Rounding radii are determined based on the shunting properties of cars and road trains and are 12 m. When coordinating the SGP, design decisions are consistent with the traffic safety departments of the traffic police of local authorities of the Ministry of Internal Affairs.

Safety precautions in the production of masonry.

For masonry walls, the working flooring of scaffolding and scaffolding is set at 15 cm below the top of the masonry. Clearance between masonry and edge of flooring is not more than 5 cm.

The mason shall not:

stand on the laid out wall, partition;

perform brick cutting and testing without protective glasses.

leave tools, bricks, etc. on the wall, partition after work is finished.

Safe methods of installation works.

When operating at height, the installers must have safety belts and helmets. The structures to be installed are stopped 30 cm from the support and then smoothly lowered. Disassembly of installed elements is performed after their strong and reliable fixation.

In the dark the construction site and workplaces shall be illuminated. Installation works are stopped in rain, wind more than 6 points.

Safety precautions for manual electric arc welding.

Welding transformers and devices are installed outside the passageways. The length of the wire between the mains breaker and the mobile welder shall not exceed 15 m.

Prior to welding, grounding of electric welding apparatus housing and welded structures, insulation of wires and electric holder are checked. The chopper to which the welder is connected shall have a protective casing.

It is forbidden to perform electric welding work without work clothes, during thunderstorms, rain, with wind of 6 points or more.

Welders must have bags for storing electrodes and balls to operate at height. Do not perform welding operations from stairs attached.

Fire safety measures.

Fire safety at the construction site provides for compliance with a number of requirements:

1) arrangement of fire breaks between temporary structures and places of burning materials storage;

2) installation of a permanent water supply network and fire hydrants;

3) special preventive measures during bitumen heating, electro and gas welding works;

4) placing fire safety instructions in prominent places;

5) manufacture of fire shields having axes, crowns, shovels, buckets and fire extinguishers.

4.8 . Technical and economic indicators.

1. Standard duration

Construction of the entire building for 12 months (360 days).

2. Labour intensity of construction of the 2nd and 3rd

floors 11348 people.

3. Actual Construction Duration

2nd and 3rd floors 280 days.

4. Uneven motion coefficient

workers by number K = 1.87

5. Construction costs, including construction

installation works 21388 thousand rubles. in 2005 prices

6. The estimated salary is 3246 thousand rubles.