Kefir Line Design with Explanations

Contents

Introduction

1. Process Description

2. Selection of process control and monitoring parameters

3. Selection of monitoring devices, regulators and automation equipment

4. Description of control, alarm control, interlock diagrams

List of sources used

Introduction

The modern development of industrial production of dairy products is accompanied by the increasing use of automated process control systems.

The main task of the automated control system is to comply with the technological regulations that determine the permissible ranges of changes in process parameters (temperature, pressure, flow rate, product composition, etc.), equipment productivity, and process quality indicators. In addition, the tasks of controlling installations and lines include their start and stop, emergency protection and blocking. To perform the tasks of automated control of plants and process lines, it is necessary to gradually remove the person - the operator from the control loop and transfer control functions to process automation tools. At the same time, the operator must monitor the operation of automation devices and make decisions in complex emergency situations.

The use of automated control systems is due to a significant economic effect, which is achieved due to: ensuring the specified qualities of the products produced regardless of subjective factors, reducing losses of valuable products, reducing the labor intensity of production processes, and improving the production culture.

Description of Automation Functional Diagram

Temperature control in the first section of heat exchanger 4

Temperature measurement is performed by resistance thermal transducer TSM0193 (pos. 1-a), the change in resistance from which is transmitted to the input of the secondary device Disc250 2431 (position 1-b) for readings and recording of the temperature value. The built-in PI regulator with pneumatic output generates control action in accordance with the regulation law, which is transmitted through the pneumatic switch K10A (pos. 1-c) to control valve with membrane actuator 25h 37ng (pos. 1-d).

When controlled by the computer, the signal from the secondary device is transmitted through the ADC to the processor unit, where a control action is generated, which is then transmitted through the DAC to the EPP63 electro-pneumatic converter (pos. 1-e), and then through air switch K10A (pos. 1-c) to control valve with membrane actuator 25h 37ng (pos. 1-d).

Temperature control in the second section of heat exchanger 4

Temperature measurement is performed by resistance thermal transducer TSM-0193 (pos. 2-a), the change in resistance from which is transmitted to a secondary display device with a unified electric output signal A100 (pos. 2-b). At control from computer the signal is transmitted through ADC to processor unit and further.

Temperature control in the third section of heat exchanger 4

Temperature measurement is performed by resistance thermal transducer TSM0193 (pos. 3-a), the change in resistance from which is transmitted to the input of the secondary device Disc250 2431 (pos. 3-b) for readings and recording of temperature value. The built-in PI regulator with pneumatic output generates control action in accordance with the regulation law, which is transmitted through the pneumatic switch K10A (pos. 3-c) to control valve with membrane actuator 25h 37ng (3-d).

When controlled by the computer, the signal from the secondary device is transmitted through the ADC to the processor unit, where a control action is generated, which is then transmitted through the DAC to the EPP63 electro-pneumatic converter (pos. 3D), and pneumatic K10A switch (poses. 3-c) to the control valve with the membrane actuator 25ch37ng (pos. Z-d).

Tank Temperature Control 10

Temperature measurement is performed by resistance thermal transducer TSM0193 (pos. 4-a), the change in resistance from which is transmitted to the input of the secondary device Disc250 2431 (pos. 4-b) for readings and recording of temperature value. The built-in PI controller with pneumatic output generates control action in accordance with the regulation law, which is then transmitted through the pneumatic switch K10a (pos. 4-c) on a three-way control valve 26tn 614p (pos. 4-d) located in the water supply line.

When controlled by the computer, the signal from the secondary device is transmitted through the ADC to the processor unit, where a control action is generated, which is then transmitted through the DAC to the EPP63 electro-pneumatic converter (pos. 4-e), and then to air switch K10a (pos. 4-c) and on a three-way control valve 26tn 614p (pos. 4-d) located in the water supply line.

Pressure control in homogenizer 7

Measurement is carried out by means of the measuring converter of a difference of pressure Metran43DI (poses. the 5-a) the unified signal 0-5 ma from which moves on an entrance of secondary device A - 100 (poses.5-b) for indications and registration. At control from computer the signal is transmitted through ADC to process-discharge unit and further.

Control of pasteurized milk and starter consumption ratio when supplied to tank 10

The supply control circuit includes the following elements: primary transducers - DKS1050 chamber diaphragm (pos.7a, 6-a), the signal from which is transmitted to 13DD11 resistance transmitters of mode 720 (pos.7b, 6-b). Then the signal from 13DD11 (pos.6-b) is transmitted to the secondary device PV10.17 (pos.7-c), and the second to the regulator PR3.33 (pos.7-d). Then the control action through the air switch K10A (pos.7d) goes to the actuator 25h 37ng (pos.7e) located on the starter supply line.

At management by means of the COMPUTER the signal from the measuring converter of resistance 13DD11 of fashion of 720 (poses.6-b) via the pneumoelectric PPE2 converter (poses.6-v) and ACP arrives on the EVM processor block where the operating influence which then through CAP and electric air preobrazovatelEPP63 (poses.7-zh) moves via the pneumatic K10A switch (poses is developed. 7-e) on actuator 25h 37ng (pos.7-e) located on the starter supply line.

Level control and alarm in tank for normalized mixture 1

The signal from the electrodes of the level controller ERSU2 (pos. 8-a) is processed by the relay circuit and gives control action through universal selector UP5300 (SA5) to magnetic starters PME 222 (KM5 and KM6) of cut-off valves TF22s946ng (pos.8b, pos.8-c) thereby stopping the supply of solid and skimmed milk to the tank.

At control from computer the signal from ERCU2 (pos. 8-a) is output through the BDB to the computer processing unit, where a control action is generated, which is then through the BDB and the universal switch UP5300 (SA5) to the magnetic starters PME 222 (KM5 and KM6) of the cut-off valves TF22s946ng (pos.8b, pos.8-c) thereby stopping the supply of whole and skim milk. The alarm is carried out by the signal lamp HL 1.

Level alarm in tank 10

Signal from electrodes of ESU2 level controller (pos. 9-a) is output through BDB to processor unit of computer and further. Alarm is performed by NLZ signal lamp.

Control of whole milk acidity in its supply line to tank 1

Acidity measurement is performed by DM5M main sensor (10a) of electrical signal, from the output of which it is transmitted to P201 converter (10b) for conversion of non-unified electrical signal to unified electrical signal. Then the signal is transmitted to the input of secondary device A 100 (10c) for readings and recording. The normalized electrical signal from the output of the secondary device is transmitted to the computer ADC. Digital code from which it enters the processor unit and beyond.

Control of acidity of defatted milk in the line of its supply to reservoir 1.

Acidity measurement is performed by DM5M main sensor (pos.11a) electrical signal, from the output of which it is transmitted to P201 converter (pos.11b) for conversion of non-unified electrical signal to unified electrical signal.

Further the signal arrives on an entrance of the secondary A 100 device (poses.11v) for indications and registration. The normalized electrical signal from the output of the secondary device is transmitted to the analog-to-digital converter of the computer ADC. Digital code from which it enters the processor unit and beyond.

Control of medium acidity in tank 10

Acidity measurement is performed by submersible sensor DPg4M (12a) electric signal from the output of which is transmitted to converter P201 (12b) for conversion of non-unified electric signal into unified electric signal. Then, the signal is transmitted through the ADC to the computer processing unit, where a control action is generated, which is then transmitted through the BDB and universal switch SR 5300 (SA1) to the magnetic actuator PME 222 (KM 1) of the mixer drive, thereby leading to its activation.

Check of whole milk density in the line of its supply to tank 1

Measurement of density is carried out by the radioisotope PR1025M densitometer (poses.13 a) an electric signal from which exit arrives on an entrance of the secondary A100 device (poses.13b) for indications and registration. At control from computer the signal is transmitted through ADC to processor unit and further.

Fat-free milk density control in tank 1 supply line

Measurement of density is carried out by the radioisotope PR1025M densitometer (poses.14a) an electric signal from which exit arrives on an entrance of the secondary A100 device (poses.14b) for indications and registration. At control from computer the signal is transmitted through ADC to processor unit and further.

Control of fat content of normalized mixture in tank 1

Measurement of fat content is carried out by the submersible Klever1M sensor (poses.15a) the electric signal from an exit of which arrives on an entrance of the secondary A100 device (poses. 15b) for reading and recording the fat value.

Автоматизация кефир 3.cdw