Individual residential building in the village of Burners, Tula -AS

Contents

Introduction

1 Initial data

2 Assessment of building location conditions in the building and its insolation

2.1 Plot plan and site improvement

2.2 Characteristics of the building

2.3 Description of building structures

2.4 Building Finishes

2.5 Building Energy Efficiency

3 Design and structural part

3.1 Foundation calculation

3.2 Calculation of structural element

4 Construction organization

4.1 Development of the schedule

4.2 Description of accepted method of works execution

4.3 Construction Plan Design

4.4 Technical operation of the building

5 Economic part

5.1 Legal and economic basis of investment activity

5.2 Structure of Construction Estimate Documentation

5.3 Structure of estimated cost

5.4 Estimate for civil works

6 Occupational safety

6.1 Site Safety

6.2 Fire Protection

6.3 Environmental Protection

7 Standardization

List of literature

Appendix A - Local Estimate for Civil Works

Appendix B - Object Estimate

Appendix B - Summary Estimate

Introduction

The housing construction strategy of Russia is reoriented to low-rise housing construction: the industry should ensure the construction of from 500 thousand to 1 million individual houses annually, up to 6570% of the total housing commissioning should be low-rise.

In each program speech, Russian President Dmitry Medvedev and Russian Prime Minister Vladimir Putin, along with issues of state security, the development of science and innovative industries, and general economic growth, talk about low-rise construction as one of the ways to ensure a higher standard of living for citizens and solve the country's demographic problem. The issue is no longer as social as it is political.

To develop mass individual construction, it is necessary to accelerate the turnover of land, ensure comprehensive infrastructure development of territories and serial production of houses from modern energy-efficient and inexpensive building materials.

A bill "On amending some legislative acts of the Russian Federation on the development of low-rise housing development of territories" is being prepared for the second reading. The document does not solve all the problems of low-rise construction, but allows you to use almost the only way within the framework of the existing legislation for the free transfer of land to the population. In 2007, about 38% of the amount of funds allocated under the FTP "Housing" received low-rise projects. In 2006, this figure was zero.

This type of building refers to buildings intended for individual, so-called cottage construction and aims at separate residence of an individual family both in the city and in rural areas (this project is provided for construction on the outskirts of the city of Tula on land free of development).

The advantages of this type of construction and such buildings are obvious:

1 The possibility of taking into account the customer's requirements for internal layout, internal and external decoration according to the author's designs of designers (or the customer himself). The variety of decisions of the facades and the exterior of the building as a whole.

2 The possibility of using the most modern finishing and building materials.

3 The presence of a plot of land that allows the customer not only to produce agricultural products for the needs of his family, but also to be able to use this plot to relax and satisfy his fantasies and needs for transforming and decorating the landscape and surrounding area.

This type of construction (individual cottage construction) is more conducive to the decision of the national project "Affordable and comfortable housing for Russian citizens" announced by the government.

Such a house can be built anywhere and in any climatic conditions of our country.

All this applies to the solution of these same problems in the Tula region.

Design Input

Project theme - Individual residential building

Place of construction - pos. Burners in Tula

Design temperature - average temperature of the coldest five-day t = 27 ° C, normal humidity

Standard freezing depth dfn = - 1,4 m

The nature of groundwater is non-aggressive.

Soil: loam, γII = 21 kN/m3, IL = 0.5, ℮ = 0.7, φ = 19º

Foundation - prefabricated

Walls - brick, exterior with insulation

Partitions - gypsum board

Slabs - reinforced concrete, round-void

Roof - rolling

2 Architectural - Building Part

2.1 Plot plan and site improvement

The building under construction is located on a street with similar buildings, and has its own land plot. Public roads in the area of ​ ​ development are two-lane 6m wide, pedestrian paths are 1.5 m wide. The lanes separating the roadway from the pedestrian road have landscaping and ordinary planting of hardwood trees with an interval between the trees of 6m. The intensity of traffic in the area of ​ ​ development is small and therefore no traffic lights are provided. Street lighting at night is carried out from street lights with mercury lamps of the daylight spectrum DRL400, powered by a common lamp network. The planning of the territory took into account fire and sanitary requirements according to SNiP 2.07.0189 and SNiP 230595.

2.2 Characteristics of the building

Design object - Individual residential building. The walls are brick with insulation in the form of an intermediate layer of polystyrene foam. The building is long in axes 16.8x14.7m. The height of the floor is 3.3m. Ground floor floors by slabs.

Communication between floors is carried out via an internal wooden staircase .

On the second floor are designed: a hall, sleeping rooms, an office, a bathroom .

On the ground floor there are: hall - entrance hall, kitchen, sports hall, bathroom, living room, fireplace.

The areas of all rooms comply with the standards. The garage is also designed in this project.

2.3 Description of building structures

2.3.1 Base

The basis on which the building is built is loam. Groundwater is observed at a depth of minus 4.2m and has a non-aggressive character in relation to the concrete of the foundation .

• consistency, I = 0.5;

• porosity, e = 0.7;

• density, = 21 kN/m.

Standard depth of ground freezing for Tula region dfn = 1.4m (according to SNiP 2.02.0183 table 1).

Depth of foundation bottom at elevation -3.200

2.3.2 Foundations

The building under construction has an assembly foundation of FL cushions and FBS basement wall blocks.

The width of the foundation foot for external walls is 800mm, for internal walls - 1000mm.

Waterproofing is made of ruberoid at elevation minus 0.420 to protect against capillary moisture.

2.3.3 Walls

When designing the walls, high heat engineering requirements were imposed. The walls have a three-layer structure: ceramic facing brick GOST 748478, polystyrene foam insulation PBSS GOST 1558870, ordinary clay brick GOST 53080.

The thickness of the walls according to the thermal design is 640mm.

When overlapping openings, bar and slab jumpers GOST 94884 are used. Support of load-carrying bridges on the wall is 250mm on each side for load-carrying bridges and 125mm on each side for non-load-carrying bridges.

The inner walls have a thickness of 380mm. Openings in external walls are made with quarters.

2.3.4 Overlaps

Floors are made of reinforced concrete slabs with round voids. During installation, the seams between the slabs are filled with M100 cement sand mortar. Slabs are anchored by anchors made of reinforcement steel (reinforcement class AI). The slabs are anchored to lifting loops, after anchoring, the joints of the anchor reinforcement are welded by electric welding.

Layout diagrams of floor slabs are given on sheet 2 of the graphic part of the diploma project.

2.3.5 Floors

Living rooms, hall, living room, dining room, corridors - parquet boards.

Bathrooms, kitchen, fireplace - ceramic tiles

Garage - mosaic tiles

2.3.6 Partitions

During installation of gypsum-board partitions, it is necessary to break down the location of partitions; attach to the floor of the lower and then upper guides; install the frame struts; skin the frame with gypsum board sheets on one side; pass power and low-current wiring through holes in the walls of the frame (metal or wooden), bring their ends outside; install mineral wool slabs from the inner side of the skin; skin the frame with gypsum board sheets on the other side and bring out the wiring ends; install door boxes; install metal framing elements in the places provided by the design; perform sealing of sheet adjoining points to floor, floor and wall structures, as well as seams between sheets, install soldering boxes and sockets.

2.3.7 Ladder

The staircase is wooden, made on an individual order. We accept, depending on the number of marches, a single-arch staircase. According to regulatory requirements, the width of the flight of stairs should be at least 90 cm, and the distance between the opposite walls should be at least 110 cm. The support for the steps of the stairs is served by kosuras (straps) made of bars fixed in pairs with metal straps. The ends of the steps are embedded in the inner wall. The treads of the intra-apartment staircase make them wooden. Thick tongue boards 50 mm thick are used for this purpose. They allow you to create a rigid structural basis of the stairs and give it a more "solid" look. Staircase fencing with a height of 0.9 m, made taking into account decorative advantages, made of high-quality and well-treated materials.

2.3.8 Roof and roof

The roof of the house is multi-pitched. The entire rafter system is antiseptic with MCS fluid.

Coating from "BRAAS" metal cutter. Between the insulation and the coating plate, steam insulation is laid - waterproofing. External unorganized drainage. For the roof plan, see the 2nd sheet of the graphic part.

2.3.9 Windows and Doors

Designed wooden window blocks with sheet glazing according to GOST 112142003. The whole building uses a separate-paired structure of a window block with sheet glazing: the design of a window block with triple glazing with a separate canopy of an external single and internal paired sash on the product box.

Door of external grade DN as per GOST 2469881 filenoid, internal doors blind grades DG and glazed DO as per GOST 662980. The door to the garage is designed firefighting, lined with steel. Door webs are hung on two hinges. The door handle is fixed at a height of 1.1m from the floor. Door platbands and door boxes and canvases themselves are used by factory.

Building Finishes

2.4.1 Exterior decoration of the building

External walls of the building are made of facing bricks

White windows. The bottom of the window is protected by a cast of galvanized steel with a protective coating, 5 millimeters thick.

The front door is wooden.

Flue and ventilation pipes - protected by metal boxes.

The basement is finished with dolomite plates.

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