Heavy type motor grader - exchange rate

Contents

CERTIFICATE PROJECT STATEMENT

INTRODUCTION

1 ARCHITECTURAL AND CONSTRUCTION SECTION

1.1 Brief description of the object

1.2 Master Plan

1.3 Architectural and planning solutions

1.4 Structural solutions

1.4.1 Sanitary equipment

1.4.2 Electrical devices

1.4.3 Communication and Signaling

1.4.4 Fire prevention and evacuation

1.5 Environmental measures

1.6 Protection against radioactive exposure

1.7 Main construction indicators

2 DESIGN SECTION

2.1 Calculation of cast-in-situ reinforced concrete frame of the building

2.2 Calculation of monolithic foundation slab

2.3 Base and foundation deformation calculation

2.3.1 General data. Calculation Methodology

2.3.3 Conclusions

3 ORGANIZATIONAL AND CONSTRUCTION PART

3.1 General Instructions

3.2 Job Instruction for Excavation of Pit

3.2.1 Urban planning situation. Site Features

3.2.2 Geological and hydrogeological conditions of construction

3.2.3 General procedure of works execution

3.2.4 Preparatory works

3.2.5 Erection of monolithic trench walls

3.2.6 Open excavation in the pit

3.2.7 In-pit drainage

3.2.8 Installation of anchor support

3.2.9 Anchor tests

3.3 Job Instruction for Filling Floors Device

3.3.1 Preparation of foundation

3.3.2 General provisions

3.3.3 Monopur Industry Filling Floor Preparation and Laying Tool List

3.3.4 Preparation of concrete foundation

3.3.5 Filling floors application Monopur Industry

3.3.6 Application of main layer of filling floors Monopur Industry

3.4 Job Instruction for Soil Strengthening by "Geocomposite" Method

3.4.1 Scope of application

3.4.2 Engineering and geological characteristics of the site

3.4.3 Process Solutions

3.4.4 Preparatory works

3.4.5 Procedure for arrangement of hard-reinforced massif ("soil cement slab")

3.4.6. Quality control, documentation procedure and acceptance of works

3.4.7 Environmental protection measures

3.4.8 Fire prevention measures

3.4.9 Technical and economic indicators

3.5 Construction Schedule

3.5.1 General Instructions

3.5.2 Technical and economic parameters of the schedule

3.6 Construction plan

3.6.1 General data

3.6.2 Calculation of warehouses and platforms

3.6.3 Calculation of areas of temporary buildings

3.6.4 Calculation of Construction Water Demand

3.6.5 Power supply of construction site

3.6.6 Calculation of compressed air demand

3.6.7 Technical and economic indicators of the construction plan

4 ECONOMIC SECTION

4.1 General Instructions

4.2 Evaluation of space-planning and structural solutions

4.3 Determination of the effectiveness of the proposed design of the building

4.4 Project cost-effectiveness indicators

4.5 Local estimates

5 LIFE SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION

5.1 Safety of vitality during construction and installation works

5.2 Natural Resource Management

5.3 Environmental Protection

6 SAFETY OF LIFE IN EMERGENCY SITUATIONS

CONCLUSION

Literature

Applications

Summary

The diploma project was developed on the basis of the given assignment, and consists of 6 main sections: architectural, design and construction, organizational, economic, ecology and environmental protection, life safety.

Architectural and construction decisions were made depending on functional and technological requirements, taking into account aesthetic, environmental, economic, and other factors.

In the design and structural part, the calculation of the monolithic reinforced concrete frame of the building and the monolithic foundation slab was carried out.

The organizational and construction part includes a project for the performance of work during the construction of the facility and substantiation of decisions on technology.

The economic part contains local estimates for the two options and their economic comparison.

In the ecology section, issues of environmental safety measures for the period of construction of the facility, restoration and improvement of the territory after completion of construction were considered.

In the section of the Belarusian Railways, the following issues of life safety during the construction of a 22-storey residential complex were considered.

The main tasks of thesis design are: systematization, consolidation and expansion of theoretical and practical knowledge in the specialty and application of these knowledge in the performance of graduation qualification work; development of skills of independent work of engineering level.

The graphic part of the diploma includes 10 sheets, the explanatory note - 158 sheets.

Introduction

The construction of buildings and structures consists of a number of construction works, which, in turn, are divided into separate processes. At the same time, construction works are carried out in a certain technological sequence:

- preparatory works,

- performance of underground part works ("zero cycle"),

- erection of the above-ground part,

- finishing works,

- improvement of the territory.

Installation of building structures is a leading technological process that largely determines the overall pace of construction of the facility, the order and methods of other construction works. At the same time, it should be borne in mind that the performance of all types of construction work, including the installation of structures, should be linked in a single process - flow, the final goal is to obtain finished products in the form of a building.

Production processes carried out when erecting buildings on a construction site are called construction processes. They must be connected by the unity of the transformation of labor objects into construction products.

The quality of construction products is the main factor affecting the economy and profitability of the completed construction facility, ensuring its reliability and durability.

The purpose of the diploma project is to develop a technology for the construction of a 22-storey residential complex on Vorovsky St. in Soch.

The objectives of the diploma project: to analyze the excavation technologies of the pit with the device "walls in the ground," to study the technology of strengthening the soils of the base and on the basis of this analysis to offer the most economically optimal technology for strengthening weak soils.

Brief description of the object.

The designed construction site with an area of ​ ​ 1935 m2 is located in the Central District of Sochi on ul. Vorovsky, 41 on the site of the existing bowling club "Bomber," which was located in the one-story building of the former cinema "Kuban."

In the immediate vicinity of the site under study (along Vorovsky Street), a new 8-story capital building was erected.

Next to the building under construction is a small garden, behind which there are two five-story residential buildings that limit the access to Roz Street. On the left and right, the courtyard is bounded by chaotic residential buildings, garages, dilapidated sheds.

Geomorphologically, the site is confined to the left bank of the high floodplain of the Sochi River with absolute elevations of the earth's surface of 5.20-5.90 m. The relief is artificially planned for more than a decade, with a sustained slope to the south-west. The distance to the channel of the Sochi River, flowing in a concrete shade, 250 meters. The absolute elevation of the river edge on this segment is 2.0 m. The excess of the site above the river edge is 3.20-3.90 meters.

For the relative elevation of 0.000, the level of pure floor corresponding to the absolute elevation of 8.300 is taken.

Natural conditions:

Regulatory data in accordance with SNiP 230199 for Sochi:

The construction zone belongs to the IV climatological district, subdistrict B.

Absolute minimum ambient temperature minus 18 ° С.

Absolute maximum ambient temperature plus 39 ° С.

The average maximum outside air temperature of the hottest month plus 26.6 ° С.

Average number of days per year with average outside air temperature > 8 ° - 92 days, > 10 ° - 121 days.

The depth of freezing of soils is on average 0.1 m.

Standard weight of snow cover - 0.75 kPa

The standard wind speed at an altitude of 10.0 m is 0.53 kPa.

The predominant direction of the winds is northeast.

Seismicity of the construction site - 8 points.

1.2 Master Plan

The decisions of the general plan of the designed 22x storey multifunctional building on Vorovsky St. were made taking into account sanitary and hygienic and fire safety standards and requirements.

The construction site is fenced. Floodlights are installed to illuminate the site.

The master plan scheme provides for on-site driveways, external roads and entrances for the use of mobile transport.

Temporary buildings and warehouses are located on a free territory in a safe zone near permanent utility networks and transport communications.

Removal of surface water from buildings and structures is provided along the planned surface of the site and solid coating of driveways to reduced places.

Lawns and trees will be planted in areas free of coatings and buildings.

Main technical and economic indicators under the master plan:

- area of the site - 2210 m2;

- building area - 1935 m2

- hard coating area - 2050 m2;

- landscaping area - 585 m2.

1.3 Architectural and planning solutions

Planning decisions for 22 storey residential complex on Vorovsky St. in Sochi were made on the basis of the design task and in compliance with the requirements of the current norms and rules:

- SNiP 2.08.0289 "Public buildings and structures";

- SNiP 2.09.0487 "Administrative and household buildings";

- SNiP 210299 "Parking";

- SanPin 2.2.4.54896 "Hygienic requirements to microclimate of production premises";

ONTP-01-91 "Norms of technological design of road transport enterprises";

- SanPiN 2.2.2 ./2.4.134003 "Hygienic requirements for personal electronic computing machines and organization of work."

The house is located in the very center of Sochi on Vorovsky Street, in the most prestigious residential part of the city. The location of the house near both recreational facilities and business centers, in particular, a 5-minute walk from the Shopping Gallery, the City Administration, a 500-meter walk from the Central Market, the railway station, the Riviera Park, the sea station and the distance from the busy highways make the house on Vorovsky St. attractive for living.

Functional areas in the building are built vertically: at the base of the house, 3-level underground parking is designed, from the 1st to the 5th floor is occupied by a business center with retail and office premises, the 3rd floor is technical, from the 6th to the 22nd residential part. The entrances to the business part (12, 4-5 floors) and to the residential part of the building (622 floors) are located on opposite sides of the house, so business life will not prevent residents from living. In the architectural and planning solution of apartments, the orientation for the generation is business and mobile. On each residential floor of the building, 12 apartments are designed: 7 one-room and 5 two-room with the possibility of combining apartments into three-room.

Residential floors are serviced by four elevators with a carrying capacity of 1000 kg (speed 2 m/s, cabin capacity - 13 people). Two non-smoke staircases of type H 1 provide evacuation. The entrances to the residential and public zones are functionally divided: to the residential - from the courtyard (spacious lobby, concierge, etc.), to the public - from ul. Vorovsky. Office premises occupy 4 and 5 floors, shops are located on the 1st and 2nd floors, the 3rd floor is technical. In the level of the basement, an open guest parking lot, a loading room of the store, car lifts for lowering and lifting into a 2-story underground parking lot are designed. Entry is provided from the street. Vorovsky.

The complex improvement of the adjacent territory of the quarter involves the placement of recreation grounds for children and adults, small architectural forms, a home site, the reconstruction of the system of existing driveways and sidewalks, landscaping.

The project provides for measures to create an accessible environment for people with limited mobility and people with disabilities in accordance with the code of rules for the design and construction of SP 3110299, VSN-62-91 *, SNiP 35012001.

During the formation of the site, the continuity of pedestrian and transport routes was observed, ensuring access of disabled people and low-mobility groups to buildings and across the territory, taking into account the requirements of urban planning standards. Exits with a slope of not more than 1:10 are provided at the intersection of sidewalks with the roadway of internal roads.

Parking

The project provides for the organization of an underground two-level parking lot of a closed type with a capacity of 100 cars, designed for personal vehicles of residents and a guest parking lot.

The parking lot has an entrance from the side of ul. Vorovsky. On a double-track entrance ramp, cars come to the parking lot. At the entrance to the ramp is a checkpoint. The parking planning solution provides for a storage room for cars and technical premises.

In the storage room of cars, car parking lots are not fenced off, the method of storing cars is arena, the size of cars is 6.6x3.3 m. Wheelbarrow devices along the walls are provided in the storage places. The movement of cars is organized along internal driveways. The width of the carriageway in the narrowest place is 6.6 m. The parking garage premises are not heated.

The parameters of the parking areas and the width of the internal passageways provide the possibility of accommodating cars.

The parking space for explosion and fire hazard belongs to category B (NPB 1052003).

Evacuation exits are provided from each car storage room in accordance with the standards (SNiP 210197 *), the distance between exits is 40 m.

Cars arriving at the parking lot come through the checkpoint, where the arrival of the car is recorded in the register, which is located at the guard, then the car is sent to the place assigned to it. When the car leaves, the fact of departure is recorded.

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