Diploma project Constructive development of the checkpoint

Introduction

The agro-industrial complex (agrarian and industrial complex) includes agricultural production, preparations and processing of agricultural products. In various interpretations and definitions, the agro-industrial complex system includes all types of productive and non-productive activities in servicing agricultural industries and the rural population, including tractor and agricultural engineering, fertilizer production, maintenance stations, agricultural chemistry, forestry, rural trade and catering, transport, communications, education, health and culture enterprises in the countryside. By the way, this kind of idea of ​ ​ the agro-industrial complex is not devoid of logic and meaning and can be considered as models for analyzing and predicting both general and specific economic features of rural development. However, the existing sectoral and departmental structure of accounting, analysis, forecasting and management in the country reduces the scope of the concept of agro-industrial complex to the sectors of agricultural production (agriculture and livestock), harvesting and food industry. Departmental functions in the agro-industrial complex are carried out mainly by the Minagroprod (Ministry of Agriculture and Food of the Republic of Belarus) and the Belarusian Council of Collective Farms. Part of these functions (harvesting and processing of agricultural raw materials) is entrusted to the consumer cooperation system (Belkoopsoyuz). But even within this framework, the agro-industrial complex concentrates about 20% of the total number of people employed in the national economy (more than 115 thousand people. in 1998), it accounts for almost 1/5 part of the cost of products produced in the region .

AIC is a complex system of various sectors of agriculture (grain farming, production of industrial crops and potatoes, fodder farming, vegetable growing, horticulture, cattle breeding, pig breeding, poultry farming, fishing, beekeeping, rabbit breeding, fur breeding, other animal husbandry industries), as well as harvesting, melioration, seed breeding, veterinary, meat breeding, and other animal breeding industries. The agribusiness system includes State farms, inter-goats, collective farms (and other types of farms based on cooperative ownership), State and non-State enterprises of the procurement industry, food and microbiological industry, farming, as well as production in personal subsidiary farms of the population [7]

Maintenance - a set of operations or an operation to maintain the operability or serviceability of the object when used for the purpose, waiting, storage, transportation (based on GOST 1833278). Repair - a set of operations to restore the operability or serviceability of the object and restore the resources of the object or its components (based on GOST 1833278). Principles of rational organization of production process: proportionality, continuity and rhythmicity of production. Typical process diagram for maintenance and repair of tractors.

Methods of organization of the maintenance process: at universal posts and at specialized posts (in-line and operational-call organization of the process). Performance conditions of the in-line maintenance method. Peculiarities of TO2 organization on the stream. Select a maintenance method. Organization of TO2 according to the NIIAT method. Non-traditional forms of technological process organization: unified maintenance (ETO) and integrated maintenance. Methods of organization of tractor diagnostics. Typical solutions of maintenance process organization with diagnostics. Methods of organizing the ongoing repair of cars: individual and aggregate assembly. Procedure for forming a revolving fund of units and units in an intermediate warehouse. The organization of the technological process of repair and restoration work in the ATP sections is 12 hour.

One of the most important tasks of the agro-industrial complex of the Russian Federation is the further development of the grain economy, the full increase in grain production is the basis of all agricultural production. Cereal crops are of great importance as a source of essential food for the population and concentrated feed for farm animals.

One of the main reserves for increasing grain production is the increase in the yield of grain and leguminous crops in all regions of the country based on the expansion of crops of the most adapted and productive crops, varieties and hybrids, improving the quality of seeds, growing agriculture culture, using progressive resource and energy-saving technologies for cultivating grain crops, mastering the achievements of agricultural science and best practices.

Grain crops are cultivated in all regions of the country, but their largest areas are concentrated in Western Siberia, the Urals, the Volga region, the North Caucasus, the Central Black Earth Zone, farms that carry out the bulk of commercial grain [21].

The group of grain crops consists of cereals (the Mint family), leguminous crops and buckwheat (the Buckwheat family).

Value. Cereals (Mint family) include: wheat, rye, barley, oats, triticale, corn, millet, sorghum and rice. Buckwheat, which belongs to the buckwheat family, is usually included in the same group. Millet, rice and buckwheat are called cereal crops by their main use. The wide distribution of cereals is due to the fact that they provide the necessary food, such as bread and various cereals. In cereal grains, the main nutrients (protein, carbohydrates and other organic compounds) are in the most favorable ratio. Protein substances are most found in wheat grains (up to 20... 21%), fat - in corn grains, millet and oats. Grain breads are of great importance in the production of a variety of feed for animal husbandry: concentrated (corn, barley, oats), silage (corn), coarse feeds (meakin, polov, straw), etc. Grain breads are also of great value as raw materials for the production of starch, molasses, dextrin, alcohol and other products [10 ].

Currently, the state of both the Russian and world economies is extremely unstable. Reducing the consequences of this crisis can be achieved by developing agriculture, by introducing new technologies, by developing and using new units of universal technology.

This diploma project considers the development of a wheel reduction gear of a universal motor chassis to expand functional capabilities. This is due to the need to carry out agricultural operations, as well as a number of other operations, such as the transportation of small groups of people and goods.

Motoshassi with its characteristics can replace the MTZ80 tractor.