Coursework - Water supply and drainage of a residential building

Contents

1. Introduction

1.1. Source Data

2. Internal water supply

2.1. Domestic water supply systems

2.2. Water bushings

2.3. Water metering units

2.4. Water supply networks of buildings

2.5. Determination of estimated water flow rates

3. Internal sewer

3.1 Internal sewage systems

3.2 Sewage network

4. Yard sewage network

Literature

Introduction

All types of buildings under construction in sewerage areas have internal water supply and sewerage systems.

The purpose of this course work is to determine the consumption of cold water, to select the diameters of the network's water pipelines. Design internal and yard sewers .

1.1. Source Data

1. A variant of the standard floor of the building - 2;

2. General plan variant -3;

3.Storey of the building - 7;

4. Water consumption norm - 190 l/day;

5. Floor height - 3.0 m;

6. The thickness of the floor - 0.3 m;

7. Basement height - 2.5 m;

8. The diameter of the city water supply - 300 mm;

9. Guaranteed head in the city water supply network - 28 m;

10. Marking of the ground surface at the well of the city sewerage system - 115.0 m;

11. Marking of the tray in the sewage well - 111.2 m;

12. City sewage diameter - 300 mm;

13. Depth of penetration of zero isotherm - 1.7 m;

14. Detail - Plumbing cabin.

Internal water supply

Domestic water supply systems

Internal water supply systems are designed to supply water from the external water supply network and distribute it among consumers inside the building. Consumers are people, installations, facilities, etc., who use water (resident, pool visitor, baths, technological equipment, dining room, etc.).

Water metering units

The water metering unit is usually installed inside the building after the first capital wall. It consists of the counter of water (hydrometer), the device for its check (control spusknoy the crane) and latches or gates. For accuracy of readings before and after the meter there shall be straight sections of pipeline not less than 0.2 m long with a meter diameter of 1540 mm. A connector is provided after the counter to connect the pressure gauge.

Water metering units with a bypass line are designed at. one entry into the building, as well as in the combined domestic fire water supply, when the meter is not designed to pass the fire flow. Gate valve sealed in closed state is installed on bypass line.

For convenience of readings, axis of water meter is set at height 0.31 m from floor. Water metering unit is rigidly fixed to floor or walls.

Water supply networks of buildings

Water supply networks of buildings distribute water among consumers. They should be of minimum length and supply water to the main consumers in the shortest way.

Plumbing networks can be varied in configuration. Despite the variety of water supply networks, the following main elements can be distinguished in them: dilution branches supplying water to the water collection valves on each floor; risers distributing water to the floors of buildings; lines supplying water to risers.

Water supply network with lower wiring - the main line is laid below or under the floor of the first floor, in the basement, technical underground, etc.

The main element of the water supply network is pipes made of steel, plastic or cast iron. Steel pipes were most widely used for the installation of internal water supply systems.

The water network of the building is laid parallel to the walls of the building, as straight as possible so that the length of the pipes is minimal.

Pipelines are laid open along walls. Horizontal pipes are fixed to walls, ceiling or laid on floor on supports.

The routing of the internal network begins from water collection devices: on floor plans and sections of buildings, the places of laying pipes supplying water to the devices (wiring), as well as risers are indicated.

Wiring is laid, as a rule, open along the walls of showers, kitchens and other rooms at a height of 0.150.3 m above the floor.

The lines are laid so as to combine all the risers and the pipeline supplying water to the building. On networks with lower wiring, they are placed in underground, basements and technical floors or on the ground floor in underground channels with a removable frieze device.

To lower the water, the lines must be laid with a slope of 0.0020.005 towards the inlet or water-discharge racks. On the basis of the performed routing, an axonometric diagram is built, on which reinforcement installation places are indicated.

Internal sewer

Internal sewage systems

The sewage system is designed to remove contaminants from the building generated during sanitary and hygienic procedures, economic and production activities, as well as atmospheric and meltwater.

According to the purpose, alloy sewage systems are divided into household, industrial and internal drains.

Household sewers remove contaminated water after washing dishes, washing laundry, sanitary and hygienic procedures, as well as faecal drains.

Sewerage systems of the building include sanitary devices (sewage receivers), hydraulic locks and sewerage network.

Sanitary devices are designed to receive wastewater. Hydraulic locks prevent ingress of odors and gases from the sewage network into the premises. The sewage network is designed to drain waste water outside the building.

Yard sewage network

The yard sewage network receives drains from one or more houses and takes them to the city or intra-quarter network.

The route of the yard network depends on the location of the building, the outlets, the external sewage network, other communications and the terrain. The pipelines of the yard network, as a rule, are laid parallel to the building in the direction of the city or intra-quarter pipeline so that the direction of flow of the drains coincides with the slope of the terrain. The length of the yard network should be minimal.

The distance between the yard network and other communications is accepted in accordance with the SNiP for the design of master plans. Lateral connections and turns of the route should be made at an angle of at least 90 °, since when connecting at an acute angle, opposite flows are created, precipitation occurs and pipes become clogged.

Before joining the external network at a distance of 1.52 m from the red building, a control well is arranged. It is desirable to connect to an external network at one point in an existing well.

To monitor the operation of the network and its cleaning, inspection wells are installed at the points of connection of outlets, at turns, at points of change of diameters and slopes of pipes, at straight sections at a distance of not more than 35 m with a pipe diameter of 150mm and 50m - at a pipe diameter of 200450mm.

Yard sewerage network is laid from ceramic, asbestos cement and concrete pipes.

In sections between wells pipes of the same diameter are laid with constant slope, without inflections and fractures. Pipes of different diameters are connected in "silk-to-silk" wells, i.e. the top of pipes should be on the same level.

ВиВ 22 вар.dwg