Coursework on RLP

Contents Entry 4 1. Main parameters of coal mine 7 1.1. Coal reserves in the mine field 7 1.2. Production capacity and service life of the mine 8 1.3. The total length and number of treatment faces of the mine is 10 2. Disclosure diagram and method of preparation of mine field 13 2.1. Mine field opening diagram 13 2.2. Mine field preparation method 15 3. Development system and parameters 17 3.1. Selection of development system 17 3.2. Length of extraction field and time of its development 19 3.3. Lava length 20 4. Process diagram of treatment works 21 4.1. Selection of process diagram 21 4.2. Justification for selection of mechanized complex 22 4.3. Justification of the selection of the extraction machine and the operation scheme of the combine in lava 24 4.4. Self-cutting of the combine into the formation and preparation of niches 26 4.5. Justification of selection of means of coal transportation within lava 28 4.6. Selection of auxiliary equipment 30 4.7. Technology of works in the cleaning face 32 5. Attachment and control of roofs in lava 34 5.1. Choose how to control the roof in lava 34 5.2. Check calculation of mechanized support for compliance of extraction capacity of formation 36 5.3. Fixing of niches and messages 39 6. Determination of coal lava loading 42 6.1. Coal mining capabilities of the combine 42 6.2. Coal production in lava by gas factor 45 6.3 is possible. Normative load on coal lava 47 6.4. Planned daily load on lava for coal mining 59 Literature 52 Entry into Ukraine there are 160 mines.During the years of independence, mine capacity almost halved, which was the main reason for the drop in production of 135 to 75 million tons of coal per year. 225 thousand work in mines Person., Including 190 thousand Underground workers. Insufficient state support for capital mine construction did not allow timely updating and modernization of the mine fund, so the modern structure of the mine fund of Ukraine is one of the worst among coal mining countries. Only 70 mines have a capacity of more than 600 thousand. T of coal per year, and 88 mines - up to 200 thousand. T. Coal per year. Only 27 mines are modern enterprises and are less than 30 years old. Over the past 20 years, Ukraine has reconstructed only 9 mines. Developed in 2001. And the government approved the Ukrainian Coal program to date needs significant adjustment. The Ministry of Coal, with the involvement of the National Academy of Sciences, has developed a program that would make it possible in a short time to reach the lines that were planned both in the Concept for the Development of the Coal Industry and in the Energy Strategy, but this will require significant funds. At the same time, analyzing the financing of the coal industry, it is provided by the budget for 2009, out of the total amount of UAH 14800000000, the majority (8600000000) are allocated for the implementation of the provisions of the law "On increasing the prestige of mining work," that is, for the payment of pensions and increasing the remuneration of miners, as well as for compensation to budgets due to a decrease in taxation of coal enterprises. Only UAH 6200000000 is planned for the development of the coal industry. In connection with the increase in the remuneration of miners, and taking into account the calculations made by the Ministry, it will be necessary to 5200000000 UAH for state support of the cost of the coal industry, that is: 1 billion UAH is allocated for labor protection, for the restructuring of the coal industry, for the maintenance of the mine rescue service, the Ministry's apparatus, scientific support, and for technical re-equipment, for capital construction, funds are not allocated. The ministry is now forced to adjust this program and lead it to the amounts of funding that are included in the state budget. But this will force us to deviate from the indicators that are laid down in the Energy Strategy and the Concept of Coal Industry Reform, which was approved by the Cabinet of Ministers in May 2008. The development of the coal industry is possible, since it has a significant potential to increase coal production and increase its efficiency. To this end, the ministry has developed a set of measures, including: first of all - improving the regulatory framework, improving the industry management system, developing the domestic coal market, optimizing pricing, reforming property relations and attracting non-state investment, developing the mine fund, the technical base of production, and restoring human potential. Clear work is being done in each of these areas. First of all, the legal framework has been significantly improved. The Verkhovna Rada in September 2008 adopted the law "On the prestige of mining labor." The Verkhovna Rada needs to adopt a law on the peculiarities of privatization of coal industry enterprises and thereby unblock the privatization process, since today it is actually blocked by the State Property Fund. And this significantly restrains the attraction of non-state investments in the coal industry. Given the worsening global energy crisis and the prospects of exhaustion of natural hydrocarbon reserves, coal is the main strategic energy carrier in Ukraine. 1 MAIN PARAMETERS OF COAL MINE 1.1The coal reserves in the mine field Distinguish coal reserves in the mine field: geological, balance and off-balance. The coal recovery ratio indicates how much of the balance sheet will be delivered to the surface.The balance reserves of coal within the mine field are determined by the formula: t. (1.1) where S is the size of the mine field by extension, m; H is the size of the mine field by fall, m; m1, m2, mn are average capacities of coal layers, m; - coal Density for layers respectively, t/m3. Zb =40002500*1,8*1,45=26100000, t. Industrial reserves of coal within the mine field is determined by a formula, t. (1.2) where Ssh - coefficient of extraction of coal within the mine Zn =26100000∙0,9=23490000 field, t. We will determine losses of coal when dredging balance stocks by a formula: , t. (1.3) Zvm = 26100000 - 23490000 = 261000, t. 1.2 Production capacity and service life of the mine Based on coal reserves in the mine field, focusing on the parametric series of coal mine capacities (see section below) and taking into account the future life of the mine, the project accepts the annual production capacity of the coal mine: , the t / r_k (1.4) Period of rather steady work of the mine will be determined by a formula: r_k (1.5) Tcm=23490000900000=26.1, ton/year. The time for the development and winding up of coal production depending on the production capacity of the mine is determined by the formula: , year (1.6) where Ar is the annual production capacity of the mine, mln t/yr., year The total service life of the coal mine is determined by the formula: year (1.7) Tn=39,4+0,5∙3,92=28,06, year Daily production capacity of coal mine is determined by formula: , t/day (1.8) where Np - number of working days per year (Np = 300), pcs. The following parametric series of values of annual production capacity of coal mines has been adopted in accordance with the norms of technological design (R&D): 0.9; 1,2 1,5; 1,8; 2,4; 3,0; 3600000. T/year. On a site with beautiful mining and geological conditions: 4.5; 6.0 million. T/year or more. The construction of mines with a production capacity of less than 1,800,000. T/year is allowed only with the appropriate feasibility study or for the production of scarce coking coal. The coal mine operation mode should be taken as follows: - Number of working days per year - 300; - Number of working shifts for coal mining per day - 3, and in especially difficult mining and geological conditions, where it is necessary to carry out BOP measures - 2; - Hours of working shift in underground work - 6:00; - Hours of working shift on the surface - 8:00. The operating mode of the workers must be taken for a five-day week (the mine works 6 days a week, and the workers - 5 days a week with variable output during the week). The design capacity of the mine is justified taking into account the value of industrial reserves and the recommendations set out in the work. Anut =900000300=3000, t/day 1.3 Total length and number of clearing faces of the mine For performance of the planned level of production of coal and ensuring steady and rhythmical work, the coal mine has to have a certain line of clearing faces, consisting from the operating and reserve operating lavas. The total capacity of the formations is worked out simultaneously, it is determined by the formula:, t/m2 (1.9) where mp1, mp2 are the average capacity of the formations, are worked out simultaneously, m;, - Coal density by formations, respectively, t/m3. R=1,8∙1,45=2,61, t/m2 The annual movement of the existing line of treatment faces in the mine is determined by the formula: V∂=Np*nts+nts.r*r*Ky,m. (1.10) where nc, nc is the number of cycles for coal extraction per day in production and repair and preparation changes, pcs.; r - width of harvester actuator grip, m.; Ky is a coefficient taking into account mining and geological conditions (Ky = 0.85 - 0.95). V∂=300*6*0,8*0,9=1296 m The length of the line of existing treatment faces for each of the formations, worked out simultaneously, will be L∂=Ap*KoV∂*P*Soch,m. (1.11) wherein Ko is a purification recovery factor (Ko = 0.92-0.94); Soch - coefficient of extraction of coal in clearing faces (Soch = 0.95-0.98). L ∂=900000*0.921296*2.61*0.95=258 m. The number of the operating lavas on each of layers which are fulfilled at the same time, piece will be determined by formula n =lloch. (1.12) where loch is the lava length adopted by the project, m n∂=258200=1,3 pcs. Based on the results of calculations, we finally accept the project:· on the formation 1 number of active rows - n∂ = 2 pcs. The main place of coal mining at the mine is a bench, some coal is mined during preparatory coal mining. The extraction factor (Ko) indicates which part of the total coal production for the mine comes to the treatment face. In accordance with the PTE (maintenance rules), it is necessary to plan the number of reserve-operating rows:· one for 5-6 operating - in favorable mining and geological conditions;· one for 3-4 operating - in severe and mining and geological conditions that change. With the modern level of mechanization of treatment works and loads at the bottom, it is possible to take 2-3 gentle formations and up to 10-12 steep coal formations for simultaneous development. This difference is due to the fact that on gentle formations there are greater opportunities for placing the front of the treatment faces than on steep ones. The load on lava is also significantly higher due to the widespread use of integrated mechanization tools. 2 DIAGRAM OF MINE FIELD OPENING AND METHOD OF MINE FIELD PREPARATION 2.1 Diagram of mine field opening Mine field opening - provision of access from the ground surface to the deposit by means of mine workings in order to create conditions for preparation and development of its reserves. The choice of opening the mine field in any way is influenced by geological, mining and economic factors, which include: - the shape and dimensions of the mine field; - the thickness and angle of incidence of the formations; - the number of working formations in the mine field and the distance between them; - the depth of the formations from the surface and its relief; - the violation of the deposit and the gas bearing of the formations; - the production capacity of the mine and its service life; - the applied technique and technology of cleaning; Various methods of opening the mine field are used, they distinguish: - by the type of main overburden workings passed from the surface (inclined shafts, vertical shafts, stalks); - by the location of the main overburden workings relative to the formation and elements of its occurrence (central, central-assigned, flank, combined and sectional arrangement of the shafts); - by the number of projected horizons; - by the presence of overbursts and type of additional shafts. - The location of the barrels is central - at the same time both barrels are built in the middle of the mine field, the distance between them is 50-70 m. The barrels are connected to each other by the workings of the near-barrel yard. This is the most economically and technically rational arrangement of the barrels (see Fig. 1). The main shaft divides the mine field into two approximately equal horizons, that is, the dimensions of the bremsberg and evasive fields are approximately equal and have a moderate length (1000-1200 m) Fig. 1 - Placement of the barrels: 1 - the main barrel, 2 - the auxiliary barrel, 3 - the roof, 4 - the hole. The main barrel serves to receive coal and rock on the surface and to deliver the spent air jet. The auxiliary barrel is used to lower and lift people, equipment, materials and supply a fresh stream of air to the shaft.When the dimensions of the mine field along the stretch exceed 5000 m, a flank ventilation scheme is adopted, for which ventilation shafts and holes pass at the boundaries of the mine field. 2.2 Method of mine field preparation Considering mining and geological conditions, inclination angle of formations, their gas content, dimensions of mine field and production capacity of mine, it is accepted: Panel method of preparation. PANEL METHOD OF MINE FIELD PREPARATION is used at incidence angles up to 18 °. In this method, the formation within the horizon or mine field is divided along the stretching into sections stretched along the drop. Such areas are called panels. The dimensions of the panel by extension are accepted as 1500-2000 m, by a drop of 1000-1200 m. The drop panel is divided into tiers, within each panel a panel bremsberg (slope) with walkers is carried out from the main recoil. Advantages of the panel preparation method: - technical possibility to significantly increase the load on the formation; - high concentration of work; - favorable conditions for the use of mechanized complexes and conveyor transport from the treatment face to the main rolling stock. disadvantages: - the need to carry out a large number of inclined workings; - an increase in the volume of underground transport along the dashes by 20-30%. 3. DEVELOPMENT SYSTEM AND ITS PARAMETERS 3.1 The selection of the development system by the coal deposit development system refers to the defined procedure of preparation and treatment operations, connected in space and time, established for the given geological conditions of the formation and accepted means of mechanization of coal extraction. Any development system has the following main requirements: - safety of treatment works; - efficiency of treatment works; - minimum losses of minerals; - protection of subsoil and human environment. The choice of the development system is influenced by the following factors: - reservoir capacity; - angle of incidence; - properties of the containing rocks; - geological disturbances; - the location of the strata in the world; - the presence of water; - the gas content of the stratum; - the cleavage; - the spontaneous combustion of coal; - the mechanization of production processes. The development system shall provide conditions for complex mechanization of production processes and concentration of works. The mines widely use column development systems with long pillars for the extension and fall (restoration) of the formation, as well as continuous and combined development systems. A development system in which mineral reserves within a floor, tier, excavation field or site are completely contoured with mining workings before the start of cleaning operations is called a pillar. The pillar development system creates good conditions for the effective use of modern excavation complexes, allows for detailed exploration of the formation within the excavation field, creates good conditions for the operation of the district transport. All this makes it possible to increase the concentration of mining. Disadvantages of the pillar development system: - an increase of 5-7% in the loss of mineral resources compared to a continuous system; - a large initial volume of excavations. Based on mining and geological conditions in this area, taking into account all the above, the project is adopted: - the development system - pillar; - the direction of lava movement - along the extension, on the reverse - the preparation of the pillar for excavation - individual reservoir, - support of preparatory workings - repair-free; - security pillars, boot strips - present - the ventilation stem is extinguished after the bench, the conveyor track is contained for further use as ventilation. 3.2 The length of the excavation field and the time of its development. For existing mines, the length of the excavation field is recommended to be in the range from 800 to 1500 m., Panel wings - from 800 to 1500 m., For designed shafts and new horizons, the length of the excavation field should be taken at least 1500.The length of the extraction field should be taken so that the development of the column (extraction field) is carried out for at least 1 year. The size of the extraction field is affected by the thickness of the formation and the length of the lava, if with its change the speed of movement remains constant. With the increase in the speed of movement, the size of the extraction field also increases significantly. An increase or decrease in the size of the extraction field by 10-15% compared to the optimal does not entail a noticeable increase in costs by 1 ton. Industrial reserves. The length of the extraction field is assumed according to the accepted system of development and distribution of the mine field on the parts. The working hour of the extraction field will depend on the technological factors of the adopted mechanized complex (combine speed, grip width and number of cycles calculated). Based on mining and geological conditions, for the maximum productivity of the mine, to preserve the preparation image, we choose the length of the excavation field 1875 m. 3.3 Lava length The length of the lava depends on mining and geological and mining technical factors, the main of which are: geological irregularities in the occurrence, methane silting, technology and organization of cleaning operations, the length of the mechanized complex in deliveries by the plant. The evaluation of the listed factors should be complex, and the lava length should be accepted by the project - optimal. The length of the lava is one of the main parameters of the development system, affecting the technical and economic performance of not only the sections, but also the entire mine. So, the specific length (in meters of 1000 tons of production) of preparatory workings carried out depends on the length of the lava; with an increase in the length of lava, the load on the face, transport production, formation increases, the concentration of mining increases, and the volume of auxiliary work decreases. However, the excessive increase in the length of the lava causes a number of technical and organizational problems in the delivery of materials and equipment, the movement of workers along the lava, especially at a low reservoir capacity. It is recommended to set the length of the bench based on the conditions for the full use of the equipment in the lava, normal ventilation of the face, and when developing reserves at high depths, the temperature factor should also be taken into account. The length of the lava is assumed according to the length of the accepted mechanized complex from the manufacturer. Based on the above adopted mechanized complex, the lava length is assumed to be 200 m. 4. TECHNOLOGICAL DIAGRAM OF TREATMENT WORKS 4.1 Selection of technological diagram Selection of technological diagrams of treatment works is determined by combination of mining and geological factors, the main of which are angle of occurrence, capacity and structure of formation, stability of roof and bottom rocks, resistance of coal to cutting, presence of geological disturbances, gas bearing of formation and contains thickness of rocks, coal value. One of the main directions of improving technology and improving work efficiency is the introduction of standard technical solutions, which are a very difficult task due to the variety and variability of mining and geological conditions of development and the constant movement of the place of work for mining coal (rock). The most used are narrow-grabbed harvesters and ploughs with a mechanized support, as a rule, with a niche notch; the main method of roof control is complete collapse (smooth lowering - only in the appropriate conditions on thin formations, and full laying is hydraulic, pneumatic and gravity - during the development of thin and powerful steep formations). Fixation of lava messages with workings is accepted by mechanized and individual fastening of joints, especially mechanized ones, since they are successfully combined with mechanized fasteners of cleaning faces. Based on the mining and geological conditions on the site, taking into account all the above, we accept the technology of cleaning operations using narrow-grabbing combines and mechanized complexes for design. 4.2 Rationale for the choice of a mechanized complex One of the main directions of technological progress in the coal industry is the comprehensive mechanization of treatment works, which provides for the complete mechanization of the main and auxiliary working processes in treatment workings. Complex mechanization of cleaning operations is achieved using mechanized complexes. The complexes include: a extraction machine (narrow-grip combine or jet), a mobile bottomhole conveyor, a mechanized mobile lava attachment, a coupling support with preparatory workings, a conveyor-reloader, a cable laying, an oil station, a safety winch, an irrigation system, control equipment, etc. Table 1 - Mining - Geological Conditions for Use of Complexes Indicators Unit of Measurement Values 11KM500 1M138 2M87UMN Development System - Pillar Pillar Pillar Column Capacity of the strata serviced by m 0.74-195 1.3-2.5 1.35 - 2.0 Angles of the strata fall, serviced by: - in case of movement in extent of degree 35 35 35 during movement in extent of fall or rebellion of degree 10 10 10 Resistance of supporting part of MPa attachment, 09 0.9 0.6 Resistance of mounting row of MN/m 1.6 1.6 1,17 Complex length, recommended by manufacturer m 200 200 200 Grip width m 0,63 0.8 0.63 Mass of section, not more than 7.9 8.6 8.7 After analyzing the possible options by design we accept: - mechanized treatment complex - 1M138; - direction of lava movement - in the fall of the nile and in the uprising; - grip width - 0.8 m. 4.3 Substantiation of selection of the extraction machine and operation scheme of the combine in lava Based on mining and geological conditions, considering the type of mechanized complex has already been adopted, focusing on high-performance operation of the treatment face and possible operation without niches, the type of excavation machines is adopted. In performing this section, it is desirable to analyze the possibility of using different harvesters or different types of the same harvester. The technical characteristics of the combines that can be used are given in Table 2, a brief description of the operation of the combine in the cleaning face is given. Table 2 - Technical characteristics of cleaning harvesters Indicators Unit of measurement Value 2GSH68B RKU13 3KDK 500 Capacity of formations serviced by m 1.35-2.5 1.3 - 2.1 1.35 - 2.6 Type of actuator - screw Number of actuators pcs. 2 2 2 Width of grip m 0.5; 0.63 0.63; 0.8 Power of drive for cutting kW speed kW 320 400 500 6 14 20 The system of giving of the combine - VSPU VSP VSP Features of flank dredging of coal combines is impossibility of processing of a clearing face on all length and need of preparation of the equipment and dredging of the next strip. Narrow-gripping combines can operate according to a one-way scheme with an idle distillation to the initial position and according to a shuttle scheme with coal extraction in both directions. Each of these schemes has advantages and disadvantages. In order to increase the efficiency of excavation in case of intensive pressing of coal, false roof, abrupt change of angle of incidence in certain lava sections and in other unfavorable conditions, currently the transition to one-sided excavation is carried out. Intensity of coal squeezing increases with increase of formation capacity. In this regard, at a reservoir capacity of more than 1.5 m, as a rule, a one-sided operation scheme of the combine in lava is used. By linking the operation scheme of the combine with the organization of work in lava, it should be remembered that with a one-sided scheme, the working time of the combine increases by excavating a strip of coal (time for working travel plus time for idle running). After analyzing the possible options by the project, we finally accept: - narrow-grip treatment combine - RKU13; - width of the harvester actuator grip - 0.8 m.; - design of the combine in the lava - shuttle Combine treatment RKU13 Designed for coal excavation in the treatment face, moving along the strata 1.35-2.6 m with an angle of incidence of up to 35 °, as well as for rising and falling with an angle of up to 10 °, with coal resistance to cutting up to 360 kN/m. The RKU13 combine can be used in the mechanized 1MKDD, 2MKDD, 1MDT, 2MDT, 3MKD90, 3MKD90T, 2KMT1,5, 2KM87UMN complexes equipped with the scraper conveyors KSD27, KSD29, SPTs271, SPTs230, SP301M/90, SP326. The combine can operate according to a shuttle or one-sided excavation scheme, with self-felling, without niches in the right and left nicks. The combine is equipped with two chain-free supply mechanisms with a hydraulic drive and built-in mechanohydraulic brakes, which allow to operate without a safety winch at the angles of formation fall above 9 °. It is possible to work with one feed mechanism, which allows doubling the feed speed with a halved traction force. The combine can be produced with one or two electric motors Technical characteristics Parameter RKU10 RKU13 Applicability according to the removed capacity of the formation, m 1.1-1.93 1.35-2.6 Productivity, t/min: - with coal resistance to cutting 120 kN/m 5.0 7.0 - with coal resistance to cutting 240 kN/m 4.0 6.0 - with coal drive capacity + 200 kN 400 Rated voltage, V 660; 1140 Maximum operating feed speed, m/min, not less than 5.0 (10) Maximum driving force of the feed system, kN, not less than 250 (125) Average life before overhaul, thousand tons 560 640 Overall dimensions: - combine length, mm 9000 8380-9730 - length along the axes of screws, mm 6570 - width, mm 1825 1782 - height along the body in the support area, mm 1000; 1120; 1250 1600 Mass, t, not more than 19.1 24.8 4.4 Self-loading of the combine into the formation and preparation of niches. The greatest specific gravity in the total labor intensity of the final operations is the preparation of niches by hand, which is currently carried out mainly through drilling and blasting operations or by breaking hammers with manual bulk coal on the conveyor. Other drawbacks of preparing niches by a drilling and blasting method include: - high labor intensity of work; - deterioration of the roof support conditions in the area of the bench with shades associated with the inevitable increase in the surface of the exposed roof; - interruption in lava operation during explosion of charges in niches and ventilation; - the need to pass coal reflected in the upper niche under the harvester body, and sometimes large pieces of rock that have to be broken manually, stopping the excavation process; - labor costs for preparation of niches at mechanized support make up 26-28% of total labour intensity of cleaning works. When making recesses in a drilling and blasting manner, it is necessary to indicate the type of drilling machine for drilling holes, if the recesses are taken out by bump hammers - the type of bump hammer. The following measures allow you to reduce the size of niches or completely get rid of them: - putting lava conveyor heads on rods; - using conveyors with shortened and flat drive heads; - self-cutting of the combine. Self-cutting of the combine into the formation is frontal and oblique rides. Considering all the above, the project accepts: - without niche coal mining technology at the end sections of the lava; - taking the drive heads of the bottom-hole conveyor into the rods; - self-cutting of the RKU13 combine into the formation by means of "oblique rides" at both ends of the lava. The combine finished the extraction of coal. The conveyor is pushed to the face, with the exception of the final part where the combine is located. The combine begins to move along the conveyor, cuts into the formation and takes out a wedge-shaped strip of coal 15-20 years long. Drive station and conveyor part are moved to bottomhole. The combine, moving in the opposite direction, takes out the core of coal. After distilling, the combine to the ledge of the coal face is taken out along the entire length of the lava. Coal strip excavation is finished. Harvester below the lava.It is moved up by 15-20, at the same time coal is destroyed on conveyor by actuators. Drive station and adjacent conveyor part are moved to face. The combine, moving downward, cuts into the formation, taking out a wedge-shaped strip of coal to the end of the row. Conveyor is moved to face along entire length. The combine is ready for the extraction of a new strip of coal. 4.5 Substantiation of selection of means of coal transportation within the section Scraper conveyor for coal delivery by lava is selected taking into account type of mechanized complex and capacity of narrow-grabbing combine. At the same time, it is necessary to take into account mining and geological conditions on the projected site, strive to create favorable conditions for work without niches. The productivity of the downhole conveyor should not deter the operation of the treatment combine. One of the bottlenecks in the overall transport chain is the coal handling unit from the downhole conveyor to the shtreck one. This assembly shall ensure rapid and non-labour-intensive movement of the mechanization means following the movement of the face. It is desirable to equip the lava coupling assembly with the conveyor plug with a loader that feeds coal directly to the telescopic belt conveyor. The labor intensity of the reduction of the conveyor line is reduced by 3-4 times. To transport coal along a conveyor stem (conveyor walker), it is necessary to select a scraper reloader for operation under lava and a belt conveyor (conveyors) for transportation of coal along the entire length of the stem (conveyor walker). The total length of this transport chain should be at least the maximum length of the conveyor stem (sidewalk), and the capacity should not be lower than the theoretical productivity of the treatment combine. Considering all the above, the project accepts: - scraper conveyor for transporting coal along the lava - SPTs163; - scraper reloader - SPSH-51; - belt conveyors for transporting coal along the entire length of the conveyor plug - 1L1000, 1L800. Indicators Unit of measurement Values SPTs163M SPSh-51 1L800 1L1000 Length in delivery maximum m 200,80,800,1000 Capacity t/year 4730400,9811200,3066000,9811200 Speed of chain (tape) m/s 1 1 1.6 2-3 Inclination angle maximum degree 35 35 -16... + 18 -10... + 18 Technical characteristics of the accepted transport equipment for the production area are given in Table 3. 4.6 Selection of auxiliary equipment Main working processes in the treatment face provide lava movements, and therefore coal mining, fixtures. Auxiliary workflows ensure the rhythmic execution of basic workflows. Equipment designed to perform auxiliary workflows is called auxiliary workflows. The main source of dust generation in coal mines are treatment harvesters. Effective dusting is achieved only if a complex of means and measures is used: preliminary humidification of coal seams; ventilation; irrigation during operation of extraction machines. Irrigation is a common and effective method of controlling dust. When operating harvesters moving along the conveyor frame, winch measures or other equivalent devices should be used on formations with incidence angles of 9 ° and above. It is advisable to use a monorail road to deliver materials and equipment in a row along a conveyor stem, and a rope road (DKN) along a ventilation stem, but other options are possible. The decision made should be optimal for the mining conditions of the area under consideration. In the coal industry, more than 15% of production is repaid annually. Metal fasteners, metal tops and reinforced concrete racks of mixed fasteners, metal anchors, preserved metal and reinforced concrete tightenings and wooden fasteners, as well as rails and pipes that are in workings that are extinguished, are subject to removal and reuse.Pulling the fasteners out of workings extinguished is a difficult and dangerous work, since it is associated with the possibility of sudden collapse of rocks. Therefore, PBs allow removal of the attachment only by a mechanized method from a safe distance and in the presence of technical supervision persons. The mining conditions of the projects considered are diverse, so the supporting equipment of the projects should be taken into account. Based on the above, the project accepts the auxiliary equipment and reflects it in Table 4. 4.7.Technology of works in the treatment face The design process diagram of treatment works is a description and graphical display of parameters of the treatment excavation, methods and means of performing work processes in mutual alignment of them in time and space. The equipment provided for in the design flow chart is summarized in Table 4. The operation diagram of the RKU13 combine as part of the 1M138 mechanized treatment system is adopted as shuttle. In the initial position of the treatment combine, being at the beginning of the lava at the conveyor mine, by the method of "oblique races" it is started into the formation (it performs self-cutting). The scraper conveyor pushed to the face, sections of the mechanized support with its base distant from the conveyor by the width of the harvester grip, the upper cantilevers lag behind the face by 0.3 m. Following the extraction of the coal strip by the combine by the width of the grip by 0.8 m, with a lag from it by no more than 1-2 sections of the mechanized support, the design of the face and movement of the sections of the support are performed. With a lag of up to 15-20 m from the combine, the scraper conveyor is moved with the simultaneous loading of coal and the actuators of the combine are scattered with the help of conveyor lemechs. The conveyor moves with bending by its "wave." At the end of the coal strip excavation for the entire length of the lava, coal is taken out on the final section, near the ventilation mine, by the method of "oblique rides" (self-cutting of the combine), the conveyor drive moves simultaneously with the mechanized connection. After that it is possible to start coal extraction in reverse direction. Table 4 - Design flow diagram Indicators Equipment under consideration section Type Quantity, pcs. Cleaning mechanized complex 1M138 1 4.2 Combine cleaning narrow-gripping RKU13 1 4.3 Mechanized attachment M138 142 5.1 Fastening of joints mechanized VHC 2 5.3 Conveyor scraping cleaning face SPTs163 1 4.5 Conveyor belt 1L1000 1 4.5 Conveyor belt-type equipment 4.5 Reel-type equipment 400 (sidewalks) LP-130 1 + 1 4.6 Pump station for power supply of hydraulic systems of mechanized supports in treatment face SNT40 2 4.2 Pump unit of sprinkling equipment TKS - CO UTSNS13 1 4.6 Unit for drilling of humidifying wells along coal bed SBG-1M 1 4.6 Unit for injection of water into the bed ROOFING AND CONTROL IN LAVA 5.1 Selection of the method of roofing control in lava Mountain pressure control (roofing control) - a set of measures to regulate the manifestations of mountain pressure in the working space of the treatment face in order to ensure safe and necessary production conditions for the effective and most complete extraction of minerals. Currently, the main and most common method of managing mountain pressure is the complete collapse of roofing rocks, and promising is the complete laying of the developed space with empty rock mined in the mine or coming from the surface. Almost all complexes with a mechanized support work in combination with the complete collapse of roofing rocks. It is desirable that the step of roof collapse in magnitude approaches or is equal to the step of movement of sections of the mechanized support - this will protect the fasteners from overloads and deformations.The required number of sections of the mechanized support for the length of the bench accepted by the design is determined by the formula nsc = locham, pcs. (5.1) where loch is accepted by the design of the avalanche, m.; am - step of installation of sections of mechanized support, m. Nsc = 2001.4 = 142 pcs. The project takes the whole number of sections in the lava in the direction of reducing their number. This is necessary in case of reduction of lava length depending on mining and geological conditions. Table 5 - The technical characteristic of fastening the TIMBERING of MEHANIZIROVANNAYA M-138 the Four-rack-mount timbering of M-138 is intended for the mechanized fastening of bottomhole space, support and management of a roof of way of full collapse, recursors of the bottomhole conveyor when conducting clearing works on layers of average power with a heavy roof in the mines dangerous on dust and gas. Type Capacity of the formation, m Height min, m Height max, m Length at Hmin, m Width, m Weight of the support section, kg 1 1.4... 2,1,1,00,2,02,5,169,1,4,10500,2,1,5... 2,5,1,15,2,45,5,269,1,4,11200,3,1,6... 2,6,1,25,2,49,5,419,1,4,11800 Technical characteristics Applicability by angle, deg: along the lava 0 - 30 along column 0 - 10 Lava length, m 250 Resistivity per m2 of supported roof, kN/m2, not less than 900 Resistivity at the end of the front edge of the ceiling console, kN/m2 100 Roof nature up to and including heavy Average soil pressure, MPa 2.5 Section installation step, m 1.5 Section resistance (considering friction in struts), kN, not less than 6300 Displacement pitch, m 0.8 Pressure of safety valve actuation, MPa 40 Pressure in pressure line, MPa 32 Electrical hydraulic support control, including automatic Roof covering factor 0,9 Field of application of complexes of type KM 138 5.2 Check calculation of the mechanized support for compliance with the extraction capacity of the formation High technical - economic efficiency of operation of mechanized complexes can be achieved only with full compliance of the standard size of the mechanized support with mining and geological conditions of its operation. Therefore, the type of mechanized support adopted by the project is checked for compliance with the excavated capacity of the formation. The purpose of the test is to establish that the section of the mechanized support will not be clamped on "rigidly" when the capacity of the formation which is taken out reaches its minimum value within the extraction field and the section of the mechanized support will not lose contact with the roof rocks when the reservoir power reaches its maximum value within the extraction field. The formula for checking the type of attachment mmin.kl=Hk+b1+tK+t1+hy+hr+h31000 (1-0 05/05/R1), m, (5.2) where Hk is the overall height of the harvester body (on the conveyor), from the bed soil, mm, Hk = hcomb + hconv, m Hk = 1600 + 192 = 1762 mm b1 - the thickness of the support section cover console in the area of the extraction machine passage under the attachment, mm; tK - value of pidstrib of the rubble side of the conveyor, mm; t1 - height of rock cushion on the console of the support section covering in the area of the extraction machine passage, mm; hy - value of free space for control of the combine by extension, mm; hr - value of free space for passage of extraction machine under attachment at change of gypsometry by formation drop, mm; h3 is the margin of free space for passage of the extraction machine under the attachment, mm. We accept at least 50 mm; R1 - distance from the face to the most remote part of the combine body, m; mmin.kl = 1762 + 50 + 30 + 0 + 35 + 50 + 501000 (1-0.05 * 1,792) = 1.72 Condition of correct calculations mmin≥mmin.kl 1.8 > 1.72 Minimum capacity of the formation mmin.k2 in meters, at which the condition of operation of the mechanized support of the complex without landing of its sections "on hard" at secondary roof sediments is determined by the formula mmin.k2 = Hmin + hp1000 (0.9-0, 05l3), m, (5.3) where Hmin - structural height of attachment in folded position, mm, hp - reserve of hydraulic extension of attachment unloading posts from pressure, mm. For formations with a thickness of more than 1 m, hp = 50 mm; l3 - distance from the face to the rear row of attachment posts, m. mmin.k2 = 1130 + 501000 (0.9-0.05 * 5,173) = 1.7 m Condition of correct calculations mmin≥mmin.k2 1.8 > 1.7 Mechanized complex is selected correctly. 5.3 Niche and Niche coupling can be attached with wooden posts, metal posts of KST type (wedge friction racks), metal posts of HS type (hydraulic racks). If the lava joints are fixed by an individual attachment, then it is advisable to use posts of the same type to attach the niches, while changing the size. Posts in niches are usually installed in two rows with a pitch of one meter for a wooden, and more often a metal apex. The type of posts and tops adopted by the project must be specified. Attachment of lava coupling with connected workings may be individual or mechanized. Its design should ensure normal execution of final operations and high initial alignment. To ensure efficient operation of the treatment face, by complete mechanization of the processes performed at the final sections, when the conveyor drives are extended to the adjacent workings, the complexes should include mechanized communication supports. They are generally designed to mechanize roof support operations, support the conveyor head and its movement as the face is moved. The individual coupling support should be reduced in advance with a lead of at least 5-6 meters, so that by the time the conveyor moves, it will have time to gain the necessary working resistance and prevent the roof from stratifying as much as possible. To ensure normal conditions for shortening the conveyor pond, the stem (conveyor walker) must be maintained at a distance of at least 2 m from the lava conveyor towards the blockage. With an increase in the depth of mining operations, as well as in the presence of unstable roofs and roofs, the strokes (walkers) passed before the start of cleaning operations are prone to significant convergence. This is accompanied by a deterioration in their condition, especially at the interface of lava with stitches (walkers). The need to support large areas here; roof outcrops, in the zone of support pressure concentration, in some cases leads to deformation of attachment and reduction of section of preparatory workings. This reduction, often, is such that the operation of preparatory workings without reinforcement becomes impossible. In order to reduce as much as possible the above-mentioned phenomena, it is necessary to use additional advance fasteners. Advanced fastening is 25-30 m ahead of lava. The amount of advance depends on mining and geological conditions and is determined by the project. The structure of the forward support is hydraulic struts installed under a wooden bar, channel or profile of the SVP with a length of 4 m. Based on the above, taking into account mining conditions at the end sections of the bench, the project accepts:· there are no niches for fixing niches;· for the end sections of the rows - final sets 2kk, 2 pcs. at each end of the bench;· type of attachment of lava coupling with connected workings - mechanized KSSh-5K;· advanced attachment - hydraulic stoics 2GVS-16, installed under sections of SVP-27 profile with a length of 4 m.· Advance of cleaning face breast attachment - 30 m.Table 6 - Technical characteristic of UCS coupling attachment Indicators Unit of measurement Value The shape of the working fixation Any cross section of the working m2 ≥ 7 mPa ≥ 2 Compression resistance of the sole Can be used in mines of such categories by gas and dust any attachment resistance, sections t 304; 152 Movement step: sections m 3.2 table spacer m 0.8; 0.63 Overall dimensions: length m 7.28 width m 1.4 height m 1.87 - 3.87 Mass t 12 6 DETERMINATION OF THE LOAD ON THE LAVA BY COAL MINING 6.1 The coal mining capabilities of the combine are determined by its production capacity. During cleaning operations, the strength of coal in the bottomhole zone is reduced and layering, that is, its squeezing, is broken. The coal pressing coefficient is determined by the formula Kom = 0.48 + r-0.1 * mr + m (6.1) where r is the width of the harvester actuator grip, m; m - average extraction the power of layer of coal, Kom=0,48+0,8-0,1*1,80,8+1,8=0,78 m Taking into account an extraction zone the actual indicator of resilience of coal to cutting is defined Af = by Ap*Kom, kgf / see. (6.2) de Ar - coal cut resistance, kGs/cm. Af = 321 * 0.69 = 164 kGs/cm The actual (actual) feed rate of the combine will be determined from the conditions of energy consumption for the destruction of coal Vp = P60 * Hw * m * r * οv, m/min. (6.3) de P - power of combine cutting drive, kW; Hw - specific energy consumption for coal destruction, kWg/t; γв - density of coal, t/m3. Vp = 40060 * 0.35 * 1.8 * 0.8 * 1.45 = 14 m/min. In a saint with technical characteristics, the feed speed of the combine is taken as 6 m/min. The theoretical capacity of the combine is determined by the formula Qm = Vp * m * r * οv, t/min. (6.4) where γв - density of coal, t/m3. Qm = 6 * 1.8 * 0.8 * 1.45 = 12.53 t/min. We determine coefficient of machine time of the combine by the Km formula =11kg +tm. lake of +tk. lake +tz. і.+toloch*vp (6.5) where Kg - availability quotient of the combine; tm. lake. - time for shunting operations, min.; tk. lake. - Time for final operations, min.; tz. і. - time for replacement of tool (teeth), min.; to - time consumption for organizational and technical reasons, min.; loch - lava length accepted by the design, m Km = 110.84 + 15 + 20 + 10 + 25200 * 6 = 0,304 The operating capacity of the combine is determined by the formula Qe = Km * Qm, t/min. (6.6) Qe = 0,304 * 12.53 = 3.8 t/min. The maximum load on the lava, based on the operating capabilities of the combine, can be achieved with the shuttle scheme of the combine, the following Ae = Qe * Tz-tn.z * nm, t/day. (6.7) where Tzm - duration of change, min.; tn.z. - time for preparatory - final operations, min.; nzm - number of changes in coal production per day (nzm = 3), pcs. Ay = 3.8 * 360-25 * 3 = 3827 t/day. 6.2 Coal production in lava by gas factor is possible. The maximum possible coal production from lava by gas factor when determining the relative methane mobility of the series based on the results of planned measurements (hirnichostatic method) is determined by the formula Ag=864*Vmax*Soch.min*Cg∂*KH,t/sut. (6.8) where Vmax is the maximum permissible BP, air jet velocity in the treatment face (Vmax = 4 m/s), m/s; Soch.min - minimum cross-sectional area of the bottom-hole space of the cleaning mine in light, m2; C - permissible PB concentration of methane in the jet emanating from lava (C = 1%),%; goch - relative methane abundance of lava, m3/t; KH - coefficient of non-uniformity of methane gas release Ag = 864 * 4 * 3.6 * 10.5 * 1.9 = 13097 t/day. The relative gas release of goch from the treatment plant is determined by the formula goch = 1440 * IAe, m3/t.(6.9) where Ae is the planned daily load on the treatment face, t/day; I - absolute methane abundance of the treatment plant, m3/min. goch = 1440 * 1,33827 = 0.5 m3/t. Degassing does not apply if the following condition is met if Ag≥Ae, t/add. where Ae is the maximum load on lava, based on the operating capabilities of the combine, t/day. 13097 > 3827 t/day. (6.10) 6.3 Standard Coal Lava Load Standard Face Load is the minimum daily production to be achieved under specific mining and geological conditions with efficient use of the equipment used and progressive organization of production and labor. Coal production from one chip (strip) will be determined by the formula Dɥ=loch*m*r*γv*Coch,t. (6.12) where loch is the length of the treatment face accepted by the design, m; m is the average capacity of the formation, which is taken out, m.; r - lock-on of the harvester actuator, m; γв - density of coal, t/m3; Soh is the coefficient of coal extraction in lava. Dɥ=200*1,8*0.8*1,45*0.9=376 t. The time of operation in the coal mining face is determined by the formula T = Tzm-tn.z * nzm, min. (6.13) where Tpr - shift duration (Tpr = 360 min.), min.; tn.z. - time for preparatory - final operations, min/cm. nism. - number of shifts for coal extraction per day (nm = 3), pcs. T = 360-25 * 3 = 1005 min. Minimum possible and maximum permissible time for execution of one cycle by removal of one strip of coal in lava is determined by formulas respectively, at shuttle scheme of combine operation Tɥ.min=lm*1Vp+tv.min*Ko*Kk.o,khv. (6.14) Tɥ.max=lm*1Vp+tv.max*Ko*Kk.o,khv. (6.15) de lm - machine length of lava, m; Vp - actual combine feed rate, m/min.; tv.min - minimum unit time for auxiliary operations (tv.min = 0.2 - 0.4 min/m) tv.max - maximum unit time for auxiliary operations (tv.max = 0.5 - 0.6 min/m. Ko is a factor that takes into account the standard of rest time (Ko = 1.12); Kk.o is a factor that takes into account the time ratio for final operations (Kk.o = 1.15). Tɥ.min=200*16+0,3*1,12*1,15=119 min Tɥ.max=200*16+0,5*1,12*1,15=170 min. The machine length of the lava (without niches) (lm) is determined by the formula lm = 200 m. The normative load on the coal mining face is determined by the formula An=Dɥ*TTɥ.max,t/sut. (6.16) An = 376 * 1005170 = 2223 t/day. 6.4 Planned daily load on lava for coal mining Minimum number of cycles (chips) for coal extraction per day in production changes shall be determined by formula nɥ.min=AnDɥ,sht. (6.17) n ɥ. piece min=2223376=5.9. The project accepts such a number of cycles (chips) for the extraction of coal in lava per day in excavation changes - nɥ = 6 pcs. The actual time for performing one cycle (excavation of one strip) on the extraction of coal in lava will be determined by the formula Tɥ=Tnɥ,min. (6.18) Tɥ=10056=167,5min. Execution in the chapter of the received number of cycles (chips) will be possible only if the following conditions Tɥ≥Tɥ.min,min are met. (6.19) Tɥ≤Tɥ.max,min. (6.20) 167,5≥119 min. 167.5170min. In case of non-use of equipment testing under load in the repair and preparation shift, the planned daily load on lava for coal mining will be determined by the formula Asut.=Dɥ*nɥ,t/sut. (6.21) Asut. = 376 * 6 = 2256 t/day. The planned daily load on the coal mine face shall comply with the following Asut.≤Ae,t/sut requirements.(6.22) Asut.≤Ag,t/sut. (6.24) Asut.≥An,t/sut. (6.25) 2256≤3827 t/day. 2256≤13096 t/day. 2256≥2223 t/day. Literature 1. Technogia pіdzemnoї rosotrobes of cinnamon copalin. Course design. Methodical rosebock. 2. Rules of safety in coal mines. - K.: DP "Editorial Board to the magazine" Okhorona pratsi, "2010. - 430s. 3. Zaplavsky G.A., Lesnoy V.A. Technology of preparatory and treatment works. - M.: Nedra, 1989. – 423 pages 4. Kilyachkov A.P., Braitsev A.V. Mining. - M.: Nedra, 1989. – 422 pages 5. Kilyachkov A.P. Mining technology. - M.: Nedra, 1985. – 400 pages. 6. Burchakov A.S. and others. Underground mining processes. - M.: Nedra, 1982. – 423 pages 7. Khorin V.M. and others. Machinery and equipment for coal mines. - M.: Nedra, 1987- 424 p. 8. Typical Occupational Safety Instruction for Mine Face. - McNII, 1996. – The 13th page 9. Standards for the design of explanatory notes and graphic parts of course projects in the SGT. 10. Per_odichn_ vidannya, tekhn_chn_ characteristics, reklamn_ avenue, shcho v_dobrazhayut camp rozvitka vug_lno ї promislovost_ Ukra§ni.