Course project "Ventilation"

Contents

Introduction

1. Object characteristic

2. Air exchange according to established standards and multiplicities

3. Selection of calculated parameters

3.1. Design parameters of internal air

3.2. Outside air design parameters

4. Calculation of the number of hazards released in the room

4.1. Calculation of heat inputs in rooms

4.1.1. Heat emissions from solar radiation

4.1.2. Heat emissions from artificial lighting

4.1.3. Heat emissions from people

4.1.4. Heat emissions from process equipment

4.1.5. Heat generation of cooling hot food

4.2. Definition of indoor moisture emissions

4.2.1. People's Vlagovydivisiya

4.2.2. Moisture release from cooling food

4.3. Determination of gas emissions

5. Calculation of air exchange

5.1. Calculation of air exchange by gas dilution

5.2. Air exchange by assimilation of heat and moisture emissions of rooms using I-d-diagram

5.3. Hot Shop Air Exchange

5.3.1. Local exhaust ventilation

5.3.2.Compute the efficiency of general ventilation

5.4. Air balance of room and building as a whole

6. Selection of air inlet and air outlet devices

7. Selection of plenum chambers

7.1. Selection of type and number of receiving chambers

7.2. Select Heating Section

7.2.1.Selection of heating section for plenum chamber 2PK-

8. Ventilation system layout and design solutions

9. Aerodynamic calculation of ventilation systems

10. Selection of fans and deflectors. Main Ventilation Equipment Summary Table

11. List of literature

Introduction

The main steps of air exchange calculation for the civil building are considered in this course design. The correct calculation and layout of the system of air supply and discharge to the premises is of great importance, since it depends on the material intensity, the efficiency of air exchange and the aesthetic appearance of the building. In addition, ventilation shall maintain optimum air parameters for each room at any time of the year. Unlike heating, ventilation provides temperature control and, depending on the climatic situation, heat or cool the air. Do not forget about other parameters, the change of which can lead to discomfort or even to a person's disease. Humidity of the main air parameter and its optimal values: 4060%.

According to the purpose of the system, ventilation is divided into plenum and exhaust, providing either general or local ventilation .

This civil building is a dining room where there are many workshops, so the calculation of air exchange of this building is necessary. The calculation is based on the possible values of all parameters.

In my opinion, ventilation in any building is simply necessary, especially if it is production shops or warehouses. Recently, interest in ventilation has faded, since it has difficulty during installation and the size of the main equipment (fans and plenum chambers). More and more attention is paid to air conditioning.

Design parameters of internal air

I accept design parameters of indoor air in accordance with SNiP 41.012003 "Heating, ventilation and air conditioning."

During the warm period of year air temperature in settlement rooms I accept 3 wasps more than that that it is specified in Construction Norms and Regulations

tB = tn +3 wasps

tB = 22.8+3 = 25.8 wasps.

Since in the cold period of the year in the room heat is observed

surpluses, 2.04.0586 Heating, ventilation and conditioning, appendix 1 according to which tB = 18 - 22 wasps are economically feasible to accept for settlement maximum of admissible temperatures according to Construction Norms and Regulations.

As in the building there is a central heating offsetting thermal losses, ventilation is intended for fight against excess of heat therefore it is necessary to take for design air temperature maximum of admissible tB = 22 wasps.

Outside air design parameters

The design parameters of outdoor air are accepted in accordance with paragraph 3.10 of SNiP 41.012003 Heating, ventilation and conditioning, which indicates that for the calculation of ventilation in the warm period of the year we accept the temperature according to parameter A, and in cold - according to parameter B.

Then, accordingly, in the warm period of the year, the air temperature will be tH = 22.8 ° C, and in the cold period tH = - 30 OS, enthalpy IH = 12.2 kJ/kg in the warm period of the year and IH = 7.57 kJ/kg in the cold period.

Selection of plenum chambers.

Plenum chambers are selected by the capacity of heated plenum air, thousand m3/h.

3 plenum chambers shall be installed for the designed building:

- the first - to supply air to the lobby with a wardrobe, a cooking store, a hall with a dispenser;

- the second - to supply air to the hot shop.

- third - for air supply to other rooms

Since in the first case the heated air flow rate is 8499 m3/h, the plenum chamber 2PK10 is accepted for installation with the air flow rate from 3500 to 10,000 m3/h .

In the second case, the heated air flow rate is 4546.5 m3/h, to the installation we accept the plenum chamber with the utilization of VS40 with the air flow rate from 1958 to 5661 m3/h.

In the third case, the air flow through the premises of 3294 m3/h to the installation is accepted by the plenum chamber 2PK10 with an air flow from 3500 to 10,000 m3/h.

Ventilation system layout and design solutions.

Air ducts are applied to the first and second floor plan to dispense and remove air.

For rooms with a small amount of air exchange, 1 grid and 1 channel are selected, for a room with a significant air exchange, a horizontal air duct and several grids are selected, the number of which is selected depending on the air flow rate in the room.

We install plenum chambers under rooms in which noise will not distract from the normal atmosphere.

In the basement and in the kitchen we install metal air ducts (steel). In the attic, in other rooms we install air ducts made of slag concrete slabs. On the plenum chambers 2PK10 and the modern chamber VS-40, silencers are installed to absorb the noise level.

Chamber VS-40 is installed on the second floor in a special room and provides supply air to the hot shop. Channels for this supply and supply system are installed metal (steel)

During the aerodynamic calculation of the plenum system, large-section air ducts were adopted, which led to a decrease in the speed of movement in them, but increased metal consumption and complicated the installation of the system. To avoid this, it is possible to reduce the live section of the channels, but the speed should not be higher than the permissible value [9].

Inflow in the hot shop is supplied through the channel to the lower area of the room.

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