Course project on architecture (School)

Contents

Contents:

Sheet

Introduction

1.1 General characteristics of the building

1.1.1 Technical and economic indicators

1.2 Master Plan

1.3 Structural elements of the building

1.2.1 Technical and economic indicators of the master plan

1.3 Structural solutions of the building

1.3.1 Bases

1.3.2 Of the Wall. Heat Engineering Calculation

1.3.3 Floors and covering

1.3.4 Roof

1.3.5 Stairs

1.3.6 Floors

1.3.7 Partitions

1.3.8 Windows and doors

1.4 Engineering Equipment

Conclusion

Table -1 Carpentry Specification

Table -2 Specification of prefabricated structures and products

Appendix - Space Explication

Literature

Introduction

The main task of the public building is to create the most favorable habitat conditions, work that meets the functional, physiological and aesthetic needs of people. Functional needs are provided by creating the most favorable convenient arrival conditions.

The physiological needs of people are reflected in the sanitary and hygienic requirements for the physical part of the building environment: temperature, humidity, air purity, natural lighting, insolation, sound insulation from external noise. The internal environment of the building is closely related to the environment, in connection with which the requirements for the building are directly dependent on natural and climatic conditions and other local conditions and materials and structures are established only in connection with them.

The aesthetic requirements of people must be satisfied by the high quality and artistic solution of the interior spaces of buildings, facade decoration, architecture of buildings and surrounding buildings.

The space-planning structure of public buildings is formed on the basis of social requirements, climatic conditions, technological progress and economic requirements, with economic requirements largely determining the development of space-planning and structural solutions of buildings.

The building should fully satisfy the requests of students, the administration, and the pedagogical team. It should protect against unwanted environmental influences and create appropriate cultural and technical comfort.

When designing public buildings, it is necessary to provide good conditions for rest, students and teachers. With this in mind, the engineering and sanitary equipment of buildings should include bathrooms, ventilation chambers, recreation rooms, dining rooms.

The buildings should also have an attractive appearance and good interior decoration. In addition, they must be reliable in operation, strong, the main structural elements should not require frequent and ongoing repairs. This course project was developed on the topic: "Secondary educational school for 11 classes (132 students)." Located in the Borisov district

The design takes into account the requirements of ESKD, SNiP, GOST, TKP, PB, STB.

General characteristics of the building

The designed building is a secondary school for 11 classes (132 students). The shape of the building is complex, with dimensions in plan: length 44,800 m, width 29,800 m. The building is two-story, floor heights 3,300, 6,000 m. The building with a basement, basement height 3.3 m. The structural system to the buildings is arceless with transverse load-bearing walls. Spatial rigidity and stability are ensured by the connection of floor slabs with walls using steel anchors. In terms of durability, the building belongs to the II degree, since its structural elements are designed for a service life of 60 years. In terms of fire resistance, the building belongs to the II degree, since it has designed external walls from gas silicate blocks with insulation, brick partitions, floors from precast reinforced concrete, i.e. from difficult-to-burn materials. Building III liability class.

The construction site is located in the Borisov district. The terrain is calm. The depth of ground freezing was 1.47 m. Normal snow load on the building is 1.2 kPa.

Building II liability class.

1.1.1 Technical and economic indicators are determined:

1. Working area - 1215.5 square meters. m;

2. Auxiliary area - 431.2 square meters;

3. The total area is 1646.7 square meters. m;

4. The construction volume of the building is 12,438 cubic meters. m;

5. Planning factor K 1 = 1215.5/1646.7 = 0.74;

6. Volumetric coefficient K 2 = 12 438/1646.7 = 7.55.

Master Plan

The building is located on a site with a calm relief. In addition to it on the site are located: a playground, outbuildings. Breaks are designed taking into account sanitary and fire safety standards - 12 m.

The building is aligned to the axes of the construction geodetic network.

Absolute elevation corresponding to the conditional zero = 150.63 meters.

1.2.1 Technical and economic indicators of the master plan:

1. Area S = (122.2 * 137.4) = 16790.3 m2 ;

2. Building area S = 1215m2;

3. Landscaping area - 11625 m2;

4. Road area - 3950.3 m2;

5. Percentage of buildings - 7.24%

6. Greening percentage - 69.24%

Structural solutions of the building

1.3.1 Foundations.

The foundations are designed prefabricated reinforced concrete ribbons. Foundation depth 0.900 and 2.700 m.. The bottom elevation is 2,100, 3.900 m. The width of the tape foundations plates is assigned structurally 1000 mm:

A total of 3 plate types have been designed.

- FL8.101;

- FL12.101;

- FL24.101;

Also in the basement there is designed a monolithic foundation, 500 mm thick, floor elevation 2.700;

Working reinforcement is used ᴓ12 S500, with spacing of 300 mm, transverse - ᴓ8 S500, with spacing of 200 mm. Concrete M250, C20/25, W12.

Basement wall blocks (GOST 1357978) for internal walls are designed with a width of 400mm, for external walls - 500mm. Blocks are laid on M100 F75 cement sand mortar with mandatory dressing of seams not less than 300 mm. Cast-in-situ sections are made of C16/20 F75 class concrete.

Horizontal waterproofing of the foundation is provided along the top of the foundation blocks, made of two layers of waterproofing on bitumen mastic. On the surface of the leveling cement sand mortar and cut mastic. To protect foundations from surface water along the perimeter of the building, asphalt concrete paving with a width of 750 mm is carried out along a crushed stone base with a thickness of 150 mm with a slope of 2% from the building.

1.3.3 Floors and covering

Prefabricated reinforced concrete slabs of 220 mm thick multi-pillar slabs are designed in the building. Slab slabs are supported on bearing walls by layer of M200 cement mortar to depth not less than 90 mm. The seams between the panels are carefully filled with M150 grout over the entire seam height. After installation of floor slabs, their anchoring is performed between themselves and with walls with protection of anchors with M200 cement mortar 30 mm thick.

To pass utilities through the floors in the panels, drill holes in place, without violating the bearing edges of the panels. After the work is completed, the holes are sealed with M200 cement mortar with eyes.

Monolithic sections Mu115 with a thickness of 220 mm from concrete M250, C20/25, W12 were also designed.

1.3.4 Roof

The roof is designed rafters. Softwood sawn timber according to GOST 848686 * E with dimensions according to GOST 2445480 * E is used for the manufacture of bearing structures. Wood is not lower than 2 grades with calculated characteristics according to SNiP II2580, humidity is not more than 25%. Protection of wood against rotting is carried out in accordance with the requirements of SNiP 2.03.1185 "Protection of building structures against corrosion." All wooden elements in contact with masonry and concrete are antiseptic and separated by an additional gasket of two layers of toll. Rafter legs are attached through one by twists of two wires with a diameter of 4 mm class S500 to tops with a diameter of 10 mm class S240, clogged into brickwork seams. Grating bars are attached by K4x100 nails strictly according to the template after 350 mm. All wooden elements are covered with bio-protective and fire-retardant composition of fire retardants VANN-1 (TU 23320012051037094).

As a roof cover, a Monterrey metal block is used along the 50x50 (h) grille across the stingray with a pitch of 350 mm. The horse is covered by a skate bar, the pediment by a front tile. The pitch of the rafters is 800 mm.

The roof should be connected to the ventilation ducts using galvanized steel aprons, which are brought under the "otter." The joint on the surface between the apron and the channel shall be sealed with Borga roofing sealants.

Perform works on fabrication, installation and acceptance of wooden structures in accordance with the requirements of section 5SNiP 3.03.0187 "Load-bearing and enclosing structures."

External drainage from the roof - organized. Roof slope - 20, 45.

1.3.6 Floors.

The following types of floors are designed in the building:

- Bathrooms, showers, washes - ceramic tiles.

- Tambour, basement rooms - concrete.

- Offices of the director, head teacher - parquet floors.

- Working and training rooms, corridors - plank floors.

1.3.7 Partitions

Partitions are designed from walls with a thickness of 120 mm - on M50 cement mortar, 65 mm thick - from brick of ceramic full-white ordinary plastic pressing K 100/1350/15 GOST 53095 on cement mortar with reinforcement with wire with a diameter of 4 mm of class S500, laid through 3 rows of masonry in height. Attachment of partitions to walls, ceiling shall be performed in accordance with typical parts of 2.2301 b.5. series.

1.3.8 Windows and doors

The building has designed window blocks of four sizes. The windows are designed with triple glazing with separate-paired bindings one-two- and three-leaf. Windows are made according to STB 93993, series 90.062.9. The doors are designed single-floor, glazed and blind with panels. External doors are accepted as per GOST 113898, internal doors - STB 113898.

A total of 4 window types and 5 door types have been designed. Surfaces of wooden boxes of window blocks adjacent to the wall shall be antiseptic.

Attachment of window and door surfaces of the boxes shall be unsepted. Fixation of wooden and window is carried out by screws and self-cuts, anchor dowels, flexible anchor plates. Sealing depth of screws and dowels shall be not less than 60mm. Along the perimeter of the junction of the boxes with the opening, the seam is filled with foam.

Engineering equipment

Water supply - from the external network.

Hot water supply - from a solid fuel water heating column.

Sewerage is a local benefit.

Heating - from the heat generator.

Ventilation - forced.

Power supply - from the 220/380 W network.