Construction of telemechanics system for GDS

Contents

Introduction

1. Architectural and construction section

1.1. Characteristics of the construction area

1.2. Site Plot Plan

1.3. Space Planning Solution

1.4. External Wall Heat Engineering Calculation

1.5. Acoustic calculation of the auditorium

1.6. Structural solutions of the building

1.7. Communications

1.8. Fire fighting measures

1.9. Technical and economic indicators

2. Design section

2.1. Design Input

2.2. Load collection on 1m2 cargo area

2.3. Calculation diagram

2.4. Finite Element Types

2.5. Stiffness of elements

2.6. Zagruzheniya

2.7. Epures of forces and stresses in the shell before soaking

2.8. Epures of forces and stresses in the shell after soaking

2.9. Results of maximum forces in characteristic sections of shell elements

2.10. Results of reinforcement of shell elements in stage 1 (before freezing)

2.11. Results of reinforcement of shell elements in stage 2 (after freezing)

3. Foundation and Foundation Section

3.1. Summary list of physical and mechanical properties of soils

site conditions

3.2. Load collection

3.3. Construction of lithological section of construction site

3.4. Calculation of pile foundation for off-center loaded column with cargo area A

3.5. Calculation of pile foundation for off-center loaded column with cargo area A

3.6. Calculation of pile foundation for off-center loaded column with cargo area A

3.7. Calculation of pile foundation for off-center loaded column with cargo area A

3.8. Calculation of pile foundation for off-center loaded column with cargo area A

3.9. Calculation of extracentrically loaded columnar foundation for external column (angular)

3.10. Calculation of extra-centered column foundation for external column (in span)

3.11. Calculation of centrally loaded columnar foundation for external column

3.12. Calculation of extra-centered loaded columnar foundation for the outer column of the grate stage (in the span)

3.13. Calculation of out-of-center loaded columnar foundation for external column of grate stage (angular)

3.14. Feasibility Comparison of Foundation Options

4. Division of Technology and Organization of Construction Production

4.1. Brief description of the object

4.2. Description of the method of erection of the object

4.3. Crane selection

4.4. Method and construction of the schedule

4.5. Construction Plan Design

4.5.1. Working areas of structures storage. Situation of rapprochement of installation cranes operation

4.5.2. Design of on-site temporary roads

4.5.3. Design of temporary buildings and structures

4.5.4. Estimated number by category

4.5.5. Calculation of requirements for temporary buildings for administrative, domestic, warehouse, sanitary and domestic purposes

4.5.6. Area calculation. Characteristics of inventory buildings

4.5.7. Location of temporary buildings on the construction site

4.5.8. Design of temporary water supply of construction site

4.5.9. Design of temporary power supply of the construction site

4.5.10. Standards of lighting of the construction site and its sections

4.5.11. Characteristics of transformer substations

4.5.12. Calculation of power demand of the construction site and its sections

4.5.13. Calculation of number of outdoor lighting spotlights

4.5.14. Site Organization Guidelines

4.5.15. Technical and economic indicators of the construction plan

4.6. Work Quality Assessment

4.7. Occupational safety and fire safety

4.8. Winterization

4.9. Routing for erection

monolithic slab

4.9.1. Scope of Application

4.9.2. Organization and technology of the construction process

4.9.3. Tolerances and deviations

4.9.4. Operational quality control

4.9.5. Bill of Quantities

4.9.6. Calculation of labor costs

4.9.7. Work Schedule

4.9.8. Safety Instructions

4.9.9. Technical and economic indicators

5. Economic section

5.1. Source Data for Job Execution

5.2. Calculation of estimated cost of musical comedy theater construction

5.3. Local Estimate, Local Resource Estimate

5.4. Object Estimate

5.5. Consolidated cost estimate for construction

5.6. Explanatory Note

5.7. Technical and economic indicators

6. Occupational safety

6.1. Fire safety

6.1.1. Internal fire extinguishing

6.1.2. Determination of required and actual

Fire resistance of the designed building

6.2. Safety in production

concrete and reinforced concrete works

6.3. Safety precautions during transport operations

6.4. Safety precautions during roofing works

6.5. Stonework Safety

6.6. Fire safety measures during electric welding and gas-flame works

6.7. Calculation of object area fencing

6.8. Calculation of temporary general lighting of the corridor of the designed building

6.9. Determination of actual fire resistance of building structures

7. Environmental protection

7.1. Measures for rational location of the facility and protection of the population from harmful impacts

7.2. Environmental protection during construction works

7.3. Use of construction waste

Conclusion

List of literature

Introduction.

Construction is one of the main industries that ensures the creation of new, expansion and reconstruction of existing fixed assets. The main task of construction production is to erect buildings and structures in exact accordance with the approved project. Compliance with construction engineering rules ensures high-quality erection of buildings and structures and their long-term operation without repair.

The theme of this diploma project is the design of a musical comedy theater for 1000 seats, located in the Soviet district of Ufa (Republic of Bashkortostan) at the intersection of Chernyshevsky and Tsyurupa streets.

The theater building, developed according to an individual design, is a unique structure with its unique architectural appearance, original engineering and planning solutions, the use of modern methods for calculating structures, as well as the latest construction materials and equipment. After commissioning, the musical comedy theater will undoubtedly become one of the main cultural centers of the capital of the Republic of Bashkortostan.

The use of a monolithic framework (monolithic columns and a monolithic beam-free floor) allows ensuring maximum reliability and fire resistance of building structures, reducing material consumption and allowing the use of light enclosing structures made of foam concrete using an effective insulation.

The designed classical deep grate scene with two pockets and an aryerscene allows you to make the scene universal, the most acceptable for transformation, and various kinds of events.

The adjacent territory of the theater has all the necessary improvement elements: footpaths, benches, driveways, parking lots.

Planting various trees and shrubs will not only improve the environment, but also extinguish the noise coming from the nearest carriageway, which will have only a favorable effect.

1.1. Characteristics of the construction area

The assignment for graduate design is the development of a 1000-seat musical comedy theater with a monolithic reinforced concrete frame using prefabricated short cylindrical shells covering the deep grate stage of the theater.

1.2. Site Plot Plan

For the construction of a musical comedy theater located in the Soviet district of Ufa of the Republic of Bashkortostan at the intersection of Chernyshevsky and Tsyurupa streets, a plot of land with an area of ​ ​ 3.07 ha is allocated.

The relief of the construction site is calm. According to engineering and geological surveys, the soils are not sedimentary. The depth of the groundwater level is 12 meters.

Trees and other green spaces grow on the site, which fall directly into the area of ​ ​ the reconstructed building. Trees and other green spaces will try to preserve as much as possible without harming them.

There are no buildings and communications to be demolished in the construction area. The site is being landscaped, the improvement includes the organization of asphalt concrete pavement of driveways, concrete pavement of pavements, landscaping (sowing perennial grasses in lawns, breaking flowerbeds, planting ornamental trees).

The project provides for the complete improvement of the adjacent area with the installation of the necessary passages and driveways with maximum landscaping of the area surrounded by the designed building. It is planned to plant coniferous (pine, spruce), deciduous (poplar, birch) trees, shrubs, breakdown of flowerbeds and sowing perennial lawn grasses. The designed roads are covered with asphalt concrete, the designed sidewalks are covered with concrete tiles. Roads for transport are made two-way with a dividing strip 615 m wide, the sidewalks are designed in such a way as to ensure the shortest passage to any point, the possible movement of people. Sidewalks are 1.56m wide. Arbors and shops are arranged in accordance with the project for cultural recreation of working personnel in the summer. (See Graphic Part of the Diploma Project, Architectural Section, Sheet 1, Plot Plan.)

Lawns have a coating of vegetable soil 15 cm thick. Lawns at the end of construction work are sown with perennial grasses. In the lawns, planting of deciduous, coniferous trees and shrubs of ordinary planting of flowering species are designed.

The vertical layout of the territory of the designed building is made in connection with the existing development and with the maximum preservation of the terrain .

Stormwater and surface water are drained in an open way through the courtyard passages to the relief, where they are intercepted by storm sewers.

1.6. Structural solutions of the building

Foundations: cast-in-situ pile padded.

Bearing structures: monolithic columns 400 × 400 mm; in the towering part above the stage - 500 × 700 mm.

Floor: monolithic δ = 200 mm; in the towering part above the stage - prefabricated - monolithic short cylindrical shells covering the deep grate stage of the theater with a span of truss-diaphragms of 24m, pitch - 12m.

Enclosing structures:

external walls: from foam concrete blocks δ = 300 mm with external effective insulation from foam polystyrene δ = 50 mm and facade facing of the building from piece facade systems;

interior walls:

- in rooms with high humidity and for fire walls; wall of red ceramic brick with thickness δ = 380mm;

- inter-room partitions - wall of cellular concrete blocks with thickness of 100 mm with volume weight of 600 kg/m3;

- walls with channels - wall of red ceramic brick with thickness δ = 380mm;

Roof and roof: technical floor with flat cold roof made of rolled materials. The water drain is internal. In the towering part above the stage, cover a warm δ = 150mm, and consists of: reinforced concrete slabs, steam insulation, minerovate slabs, asphalt bracing, 3-layer ruberoid carpet and a layer of gravel melted into bitumen.

Windows and doors: individual-made plastic windows with double glazing, using panoramic glazing elements. Wooden doors, factory-made according to GOST 662988 and individual. Sealing of windows, entrance doors is performed in accordance with TSN 1280295SO.

Floors: name and composition of floors are presented in summary Table 4

Stairs: prefabricated reinforced concrete (specification is presented in Table 5), as well as welded metal for curved stairs.

1.7. Communications.

The ventilation system of the administrative building is designed exhaust, with a natural urge. Latrines have exhaust ventilation with natural traction. This is done using exhaust ventilation channels. The channels are provided separate from the place of air entry into the screen to its outlet into the atmosphere. Separate exhaust channels are combined in attic into common attic box through which contaminated air is supplied to exhaust shaft.

The heating system is designed central water. Instruments are placed in sill area of external walls. To prevent excessive heat loss, a layer of effective heat-insulating material is located immediately behind the heating device, regardless of the structural type of the outer wall.

Cold water supply and sewerage systems are concentrated in the area of sanitary blocks of premises. This makes it possible to significantly industrialize sanitary and technical cabins. All sanitary and technical devices, cold water supply, sewage branches are located in the cabin premises. In the cabin niche separated from its premises by a light removable wall or door, risers of water supply and sewage systems are located. The sewerage system has special water intake funnels connected to cast iron risers passing outside the building; Water is drained from the risers into an underground storm network or sewage system.

Power supply networks and low-current devices are placed in special electric panels, which are located in staircases. The niches house switchgears of electric networks and equipment of communication devices - telephone, television, radio broadcasting.

Internal wiring of electrical and sometimes low-current wiring is designed hidden.

Illumination of a visual part of spectacular constructions (auditorium, the foyer, lobbies, clothes, buffets, lobby) is carried out according to creative installations of the architect - the author of the building and represents one of types of architectural illumination of interiors. Lighting of artistic and dressing rooms shall be performed by light fixtures with LN.

To illuminate film projection and rewinding, lamps with protective glass are used.

In the auditoriums of cinemas, it is provided for the automatic activation of lamps that create 1520% of the normalized illumination in the event of an emergency cessation of film projection; 1520% of general lighting luminaires are switched on for operation of duty personnel.

Emergency lighting in spectacular structures is carried out in the premises of cash desks, an administrator, a wardrobe, security posts and a firefighter, regulatory, film projection and sound equipment, a transformer substation, and a telephone exchange.

In the auditorium, foyer, buffet and distribution sidelines, duty lighting is provided at a rate of up to 30% of the total lighting of these rooms with control of the lighting of the auditorium - from the hall and the equipment room, in the remaining rooms - from these rooms.

1.8. Fire fighting measures.

1.8.1. The frame of the superstructures above the load-bearing structures of the balconies, amphitheater and stalls of the auditorium, necessary for the formation of a slope or stepped floor of class K0, also of class K0.

Voids under the superstructures are divided by diaphragms into compartments with an area of ​ ​ not more than 100 m2. At the height of the voids more than 1.2 m, entrances are provided for inspection of the voids.

1.8.2. When placed above the auditorium of the premises, the load-bearing structures of the floor (trusses, beams, etc.) are protected at the top and bottom with floors made of materials of the NG group with a fire resistance limit of at least REI 45.

Rooms for lighting the stage, located within the size of the floor of the auditorium, have fire partitions of the 1st type.

Bearing structures of coatings above the stage and the auditorium (trusses, beams, flooring, etc.) in theater buildings are of class K0.

1.8.3. The opening of the safe is protected by panels with a fire resistance limit of at least EI 30.

1.8.4. The structural elements of the scene tablet are class K0. When using wood for flooring on these elements, as well as grate flooring and flooring of working galleries, it is subjected to deep impregnation with flame retardants, which provides a flammability group G3.

1.8.5. Frames and filling of frames of suspended ceilings above auditoriums and grating of ceilings and walls of auditoriums of theaters are of class K0. Openings in continuous suspended ceilings for the installation of loudspeakers, lighting fixtures and other equipment are protected from above by covers made of material of the NG group with a fire resistance limit of EI 30.

Fire barriers

1.8.6. Storage rooms, storage rooms, workshops, premises for installation of easel and volumetric scenery, dust removal chamber, ventilation chambers, rooms of winches of fire curtain and smoke hatches, accumulator, transformer substations have fire partitions of the 1st type, floors of the 3rd type and doors of the 2nd type.

1.8.7. The building is used as a translucent filling of doors, framugs (in doors, partitions and walls, including the internal walls of staircases) and partitions hardened or reinforced glass and glass blocks.

1.8.8. Sliding partitions are protected on both sides by materials of the NG group, providing a fire resistance limit EI 30.

1.8.9. The technological maintenance rooms of the demonstration complex (F2.1) are distinguished by fire partitions of the 1st type and floors of the 3rd type (except for the scene lighting rooms located within the dimensions of the stage overlap).

1.8.10. Between the auditorium and the deep grate stage, a fire wall of the 1st type is provided.

1.8.11. Enclosing structures of the orchestra pit are arranged firefighting (partitions - of the 2nd type, floors - of the 3rd type).

Wood used for decoration and flooring of the orchestra pit, group G3.

1.8.12. Windows and holes from rooms, projection to stage or aryerscene, film projection, from rooms of equipment and light projection to the auditorium are protected by curtains or shutters with a fire resistance limit of at least EI 15.

Windows and openings of the light projection, equipped for dynamic projection, are protected by hardened glass.

1.8.13. The opening of the construction portal of theater scenes (F2.1) is protected by a fire curtain.

Fire resistance rating of fire curtain - EI 60. Heat insulation of curtain is made of materials of group NG and D1.

Doors

1.8.14. Doors of storerooms for storage of combustible materials, workshops for processing combustible materials, electric panels, ventilation chambers and other fire hazardous technical rooms, as well as storerooms for storage of linen and ironing in children's school institutions have a fire resistance rating of at least EI 30.

1.8.15. Glazed doors and frames above them in the internal walls of staircases can be used in buildings of all degrees of fire resistance; moreover, in buildings with a height of more than four floors, glazing should be provided from reinforced glass.

1.8.16. Door openings in the fire wall at the level of the stage hold and tablet, as well as exits from the grate stairs to the hold and to the stage (in the presence of a fire curtain) are protected by air locks.

1.8.17. In the openings of the scenery warehouses on the side of the stage and pockets, fire doors of the 1st type are provided, in the grate stairs - of the 2nd type.

1.8.18. The technological maintenance rooms of the demonstration complex are distinguished by fire partitions of the 1st type and floors of the 3rd type (except for the premises for lighting the scene located within the dimensions of the stage overlap).

1.8.19. Between the auditorium and the deep grate stage, a fire wall of the 1st type is provided.

1.8.20. The opening of the construction portal of scenes and theaters with halls is protected by a fire curtain.

Fire resistance rating of fire curtain is not less than 1 h. Heat insulation of curtain must be made of non-combustible and non-emitting toxic products of materials decomposition.

1.8.21. Door openings in the fire wall at the level of the stage hold and tablet, as well as exits from the grate stairs to the hold and to the stage (in the presence of a fire curtain) are protected by lock tambours.

1.8.22. In the openings of the scenery warehouses on the side of the stage and pockets, fire doors of the 1st type are provided, in the grate stairs - of the 2nd type.

1.8.23. Storage rooms, storage rooms, workshops, premises for installation of easel and volumetric scenery, dust removal chamber, ventilation chambers, rooms of winches of fire curtain and smoke hatches, accumulator, transformer substations have fire partitions of the 1st type, floors of the 3rd type and doors of the 2nd type.

The safe opening is protected by shields with a fire resistance rating of at least 0.6 hours.

1.8.24. Frames and filling of frames of suspended ceilings above auditoriums and grating of ceilings and walls of auditoriums of theaters are made of non-combustible materials

1.8.25. The enclosing structures of the orchestra pit must be firefighting (partitions - of the 2nd type, flooring - of the 3rd type).

Wood used for decoration and flooring of the orchestra pit is subjected to deep impregnation with flame retardants.

1.8.26. Chairs, chairs, benches or links from them in the auditoriums (except for balconies and lodges with a capacity of up to 12 seats) are provided with devices for attachment to the floor. When designing halls with convertible seats for spectators, the installation of chairs, chairs and benches (or links from them) is provided with devices that prevent their rollover or sliding.

1.8.27. Premises of mock-up workshops in which processes belonging to category A industries occur must have enclosing structures made of non-combustible materials with a fire resistance rating of at least 1 hour.

Floors

1.8.28. In common corridors and halls, with the exception of buildings of classes F2 and F1.1, carpets from materials of groups G3, B2, D2 are used, and in buildings with a height of 10 floors or more - groups G1, G2, B1, D1. Carpets are glued on the base from materials of the NG group ,

Requirements for the construction of fire curtain and smoke hatches in the coating above the stage.

1.8.29. The canvas of the fire curtain covers the opening of the construction portal from the sides by 0.4 m and from above by 0.2 m and is gas-tight.

When calculating the framework of the fire curtain and fire doors (curtains) of the scenery warehouses, the horizontal pressure from the auditorium is taken into account, accepted 10 Pa for each meter of stage height from the tablet to the roof skate with an overload factor of 1.2. Deflection of metal frame elements does not exceed 1/200 of design span.

The fire curtain is driven by its own gravity at a speed of not less than 0.2 m/s. Remote control of the curtain movement is carried out from three places: from the fire station room, from the stage plate and from the fire curtain winch room.

The curtain has a sound and light alarm indicating its rise and descent.

1.8.30. The area of the open section of the hatches is determined by calculation or is taken equal to 2.5% of the area of ​ ​ the grate stage for every 10 m of height from the floor of the hold to the cover of the stage.

The hatch valves are opened under the influence of their own weight when they are released from retaining devices, while the edge blinking forces along the perimeter of the valve are taken into account, taken as 0.3 kN/m.

The winch serving the hatch valves has remote control from the stage plate, from the fire control room and the room for this winch.

The superstructure above the smoke hatches is made of non-combustible materials, and the valves are made of hard-burning ones.

With the arrangement of smoke hatches in opposite scenes of the stage box, which ensures their non-doughability.