Cinema for 1000 seats

Contents

. Summary of the task

and Design Features

II. Rationale and characteristics of the adopted

space-planning solution

III. Rationale and characterization of the

constructive solution

IV. Thermophysical calculation

V. Feasibility study

VI. Literature

Summary of the task and features of the designed building

In the course project, it is necessary to design a cinema with an auditorium for 1000 seats in the city of Anadyr.

Design temperature of the coldest five-day 42 C0

Heating period temperature 11.3 C0

The duration of the heating period is 307 days.

In accordance with the assignment for the course project and the initial data in the course work, the project of the House of Culture in Anadyr with an auditorium for 1000 seats was completed.

The cinema belongs to a group of public buildings. Public buildings and structures are intended to serve the population and for various types of social activities of people.

Public buildings according to their space-planning solutions must fully meet their purpose, provide the necessary amenities for people, operational efficiency, have reasonable and economical structures and high architectural and artistic qualities.

Public buildings are subject to various sanitary and hygienic requirements. Sanitary and hygienic requirements affect planning solutions (grouping of rooms), the level of natural lighting and solar insulation of rooms, soundproofing requirements, as well as the choice of building engineering equipment.

The design of public buildings is based on the principles of synthesis of functional, architectural, technical and economic aspects of architecture. The purpose of the design is to find such solutions of public buildings that best meet their purpose.

Justification and description of the adopted constructive decision

The building structures in the designed building are as follows:

- the bases - pile with a monolithic grillage, M50 concrete, piles a standard size of 400х400 mm;

- external walls - large concrete blocks according to the series 1.1332, issue 7.8;

- internal walls - large reinforced concrete blocks according to the series 1.1342 issue 4.5;

- slabs and coverings - precast reinforced concrete multistage according to the series 1.1411 vol. 63, 1.2411 vol. 20;

- runs - prefabricated, reinforced concrete according to the series 1.2252 ex.11;

- lintels - precast reinforced concrete according to 1.13810 series; 1;

- partitions - gypsum concrete panels according to the series 1.231.9-7 vol. 1;

- stairs - prefabricated reinforced concrete according to the series 1.251.1-4 ex.1; 12521 issues 1;

- roof - flat roll, of 4 layers of ruberoid, insulation - foam concrete.

- floors - linoleum, wooden, parquet, ceramic tiles, concrete;

- windows - according to the series 1.2366, effect.1, part .1.2, wooden;

- external doors - according to the series 1.136.519, wooden; internal doors - according to the 1.13610 series, wooden;

Foundations.

Pile strip foundations with monolithic pedestal for bearing walls are erected in the form of separate tapes of longitudinal and transverse direction or in the form of cross strips, as in this project.

Tape foundations can serve not only as a load-bearing structure that transfers constant and temporary loads from the building to the base, but also as a fencing structure of the basement rooms.

The shape in plan and section, as well as the arrangement of the pile strip foundation with the monolithic pedestal are installed so that the load on the base is distributed as evenly as possible. Both shape and dimensions depend on the foundation material, loads from the building, soil quality, groundwater, freezing depth, local conditions, etc.

The shape of the foundation in the plan repeats the outline of the walls of the building - non-bearing longitudinal and transverse walls.

The main elements of the pile foundations are the piles themselves, caps and pedestals. Piles are reinforced concrete, concrete and less often wooden or metal rods immersed in the ground by impact or vibration, screwing, or concreted in place, in pre-drilled wells.

Depending on the method of immersion in the ground, there are driven, stuffed, pile shells, drill-and-screw piles.

Driven reinforced concrete and wooden piles are submerged with the help of copres, vibration loaders and vibration pressure units. These piles are most widespread in mass construction. Reinforced concrete driven piles and shell piles can have conventional and pre-stressed reinforcement and be made whole and composite, from separate sections. In cross section, they can be square, rectangular, square with a round cavity and hollow round: ordinary piles with a diameter of up to 800 mm, square piles with a cross section of 400x400 mm are selected in the designed foundation. The lower ends of the piles can be sharpened or flat, we choose sharpened. The designed pile foundations in the plan consist of pile belts - for the walls of the building, with the pile position in one row. The distance between piles and their number are determined by calculation. The minimum distance between hanging piles is 3d (where d is the diameter of a round or side of a square pile ).

The effectiveness of a foundation type depends on the volume, cost, labour and consumption of materials.

As follows from the comparison, the most economical of the tape foundations are solid concrete, however, prefabricated concrete is preferable in terms of labor intensity and all-season.

To evenly distribute the load on the piles at their upper ends, directly on the piles or on specially arranged widening of the upper ends - caps, distribution beams or slabs are laid, called pedestals. Reinforced concrete pedestals can be prefabricated and monolithic.

Pile foundations are more economical than tape foundations by 32-34% in terms of cost, by 40% in terms of concrete costs and by 80% in terms of earthworks. Such savings reduce the cost of the building as a whole by 1-1.5%, labor costs by 2%, concrete consumption by 3-5%. However, steel costs increase by 1-3 kg per 1 m2.

In the designed residential building with longitudinal and transverse load-bearing walls from light concrete blocks, foundations are designed piles with a monolithic reinforced concrete pedestal for all load-bearing walls.

The foundations consist of a monolithic reinforced concrete pedestal and piles with caps. The foundation is designed for all structural walls and consists of cross belts in the form of pedestals. The number of piles, as well as the distance between them in the foundation, is determined by the calculation. The diameter of the piles depends on the condition of the soils, the load on the foundation, the storey of the building, etc.