Calculation of the air conditioning of the auditorium in the city of Yekaterinburg

Contents

Introduction

Design Task

1. Selection of indoor meteorological conditions and outdoor air characteristics

1.1. Selection of meteorological conditions in the premises

2. Determination of harmful emissions

2.1 Heat emissions in the room

2.1.1 Heat inputs from people

2.1.2 Heat absorption from artificial lighting

2.1.4 Room heat loss

2.2 Indoor moisture release

2.3 Room gas emissions

3. Selects the layout for the room air exchange. Calculation of squares performance

3.1 Calculation of skid productivity for warm period

3.2 Calculation of the productivity of the wells for the cold period

4. Construction of air state change processing processes on the I-d diagram and calculation of air treatment processes

4.1. Plot and calculate warm air processes

4.2. Plot and calculate cold air processes

4.3. Diagram and calculation of air treatment processes for cold period with recirculation

5. Thermal and aerodynamic calculation of air conditioning unit components

5.1 Selection of air heaters

5.1.1.1 Selection of air heater of the first heating for cold period according to direct flow diagram

5.1.1.2 Selection of first heating air heater for cold period with recirculation

5.1.2.Addition of the second heating air heater for cold period

5.2 Calculation of irrigation chamber

5.2.1 Calculation of the reflux chamber for the cold period

5.2.2 Calculation of reflux chamber for warm period

5.3 Filter Selection

5.4 Selection of air conditioner auxiliary equipment

5.4.1 Selection of fan unit

6. Selection of heat and cold supply schemes for air conditioner

7. Characteristics of the equipment to be installed

7.1 Characteristics of the chiller

8. Hydraulic calculation of cold supply system

9. Bibliographic list

Introduction

Air conditioning is the creation and automatic maintenance (regulation) in closed rooms of all or individual parameters (temperature, humidity, purity, air speed) at a certain level in order to ensure optimal meteorological conditions that are most favorable for the well-being of people or the conduct of the technological process.

Air conditioning is carried out by a set of equipment called an air conditioning system (SLE). The SCR includes the technical means of air intake, preparation, that is, giving the necessary conditions (filters, heat exchangers, humidifiers or dehumidifiers), movement (fans) and its distribution, as well as means of cold and heat supply, automation, remote control and control. SLE's of large public, administrative and production buildings are usually serviced by integrated automated control systems.

The automated air conditioning system maintains a predetermined air state in the room regardless of fluctuations in ambient parameters (atmospheric conditions).

The main equipment of the air conditioning system for air preparation and movement is aggregated (assembled in a single housing) into an apparatus called an air conditioner. In many cases, all air conditioning equipment is arranged in one unit or in two units, and then the concepts of "SLE" and "air conditioner" are unambiguous.

The central SCR is supplied externally with cold (delivered by cold water or refrigerant), heat (delivered by hot water, steam or electricity) and electric power to drive electric motors of fans, pumps, etc. The central SCR are located outside the serviced rooms and air conditioning one large room, several zones of such a room or many separate rooms. Sometimes several central air conditioners serve one large room (production workshop, theater hall, closed stadium or ice rink). Central VMS are equipped with central non-autonomous air conditioners, which are manufactured according to basic (typical) equipment layout diagrams and their modifications.

Central SLE has the following advantages:

1) possibility of effective maintenance of preset temperature and relative air humidity in rooms;

2) concentration of equipment requiring systematic maintenance and repair, as a rule, in one place (utility room, technical floor, etc.);

3) efficient noise and vibration control capabilities. With the help of central VMS, with proper acoustic treatment of air ducts, the device of noise silencers and vibration dampers, it is possible to achieve the lowest levels of noise in the rooms and maintain such rooms as radio and television studios, etc.

Single-zone central VMS are used to service large rooms with a relatively uniform distribution of heat, moisture emissions, for example, large halls of cinemas, audiences, etc. Such hard currencies, as a rule, are completed with devices for utilization of heat (heatutilizers) or mixing cameras for use in the served rooms of recirculation of air.

Multi-zone central SLE is used to service large premises where equipment is not evenly placed, as well as to service a number of relatively small premises. Such systems are more economical than individual systems for each zone or room. However, with their help, the same degree of accuracy of maintaining one or two specified parameters (humidity and temperature) cannot be achieved as autonomous SLE (split system air conditioners, etc.).

Direct-flow VMS fully operate in the outside air, which is processed in the air conditioner, and then supplied to the room.

Recirculation VMS, on the contrary, operate without inflow or with partial supply (up to 40%) of fresh outdoor air or in recirculation air (from 60 to 100%), which is taken from the room and after its treatment in the air conditioner is again supplied to the same room.

Design Task

To design the air conditioning system (ACS) for rooms: 2.4 business center; 2.15 fitness centre; 3.5 the director's office on the basis of a modern central air conditioner, assemble the air conditioner, calculate and select its units, calculate the main elements of the cold supply and heat supply system of the air conditioner, develop a functional scheme for automatic regulation.

Source Data

1. City ‒ Yekaterinburg

2. Type of room served ‒ auditorium

3. Dimensions of the serviced room, m ‒ 18x27x7.2 (H)

4. Number of people in the serviced room ‒ 500

5. Aerodynamic losses in the network of air ducts Pvn, Pa ‒ 500

6. Parameters of water of heat supply, wasps ‒ 110-70

Determination of harmful emissions

Harmful emissions for premises of any purpose are considered: excess heat (clear and complete) and moisture emitted by people and technological installations, carbon dioxide (CO2) emitted by people, gases and dust emitted during the technological process.

Selects the layout for the room air exchange. calculation of squares performance

The air exchange in the room shall be arranged in such a way that the entire volume of the room is ventilated by plenum air and there are no stagnant zones in the room under the influence of plenum ventilation systems.

Since there are no local suction in the rooms, the calculation of productivity, m3/h, is carried out according to the formulas (3.1-3.7) for the warm and cold period.

Thermal and aerodynamic calculation of air conditioning unit components

5.1 SELECTION OF AIR HEATERS

Air conditioners of SCCP are arranged with basic heat exchangers for heating or cooling of air, the characteristics of which are given in Table P41 [1].

5.2 IRRIGATION CHAMBER CALCULATION

OKF3, OKS1-3 and OKS23 irrigation chambers can be installed in KTsKP air conditioners. Their characteristics are given in Tables 5 and 6, p. 168169/5/and Table P.4-2 [1] and P.4-3 [1]. Usually, in the cold period of the year, the adiabatic (I = const) air treatment process is carried out in the reflux chamber (i.e. air is heated and moistened), and in the warm period of the year, depending on the external air parameters, there may be adiabatic and polytropic (cooling and drying) air treatment processes.

5.4 SELECTION OF AIR CONDITIONER AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT

In addition to the main equipment: air heaters, reflux chambers, filters, the air conditioner includes: a receiving unit with an air insulated valve, service chambers, air chambers, a connecting unit.

Receiving units are designed for reception, regulation, mixing and distribution of volume of external and recirculation air supplied to air conditioner along living section. Units are supplied: straight-flow with electric drive BPE3, straight-flow with pneumatic drive BPP3, mixing with electric drive BSE3, and mixing with pneumatic drive BSP3. Aerodynamic resistance of intake units with air valve is about 70 Pa.

KO-3 service chambers are designed to generate air flow and service neighboring equipment in the air conditioner.

Air chambers are designed for mixing air flows and servicing adjacent equipment. Air chambers 565 mm wide are designated KV 0.53, 1080 mm wide - KV-1-3.

Air valves are designed to control the volumes of external and recirculation air entering the air conditioner, as well as to control the amount of air passing through the air heaters.

Air valves can be installed in air chambers, their aerodynamic resistance is 25 Pa.

Basic data of reception blocks, blocks connecting, cameras of service, cameras air, valves air are given in the appendix.

Selection of heat and cold supply schemes for air conditioner

To supply cold water to the central and locally central non-autonomous SLE devices, central refrigeration stations have become widespread. Refrigeration stations with a total capacity of up to 1.8 MW are usually designed on the basis of two or three piston or screw steam compression refrigerators of the same capacity.

For flexibility in controlling overall productivity, it is recommended to provide one or two lower capacity refrigerators, which may be with a piston compressor.

Refrigeration stations with machines on Freon -12 and Freon -22 in terms of explosion and fire hazard belong in accordance with SP to category "D" and the following requirements are made for the selection of their location. Separate refrigeration machines and refrigeration stations are not allowed to be placed directly in residential premises, on staircases and under stairs, as well as in corridors, lobbies .

Refrigeration stations with a capacity of 350 kW or more are not allowed to be located in the basements and basements of buildings and structures.

It is allowed to place refrigeration stations with a capacity of up to 700 kW in the basements and basements of buildings, if the possibility of people staying above the station floor is excluded.

Refrigeration stations with a capacity of 700 kW or more can be located in industrial buildings, in special additions, in basements and basements made from the contour of buildings.

The height of the room must be at least 3.6 m, there must be passages, platforms and stairs for repair work.

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