10-storey monolithic residential building

Contents

Contents

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Assignment for Course Engineering

1. Technical map for the construction of a typical floor of a monolithic residential building

1.1 Scope of application of Job Instruction

1.2 Technical and economic indicators

1.3 Heat engineering calculation of enclosing structures

1.4 Selection of formwork elements

1.5 Standard Floor Construction Technology

1.5.1 Installation, removal of units, panels of separate formwork panels,

corner elements, door and window penetrators

1.5.2 Technology of concrete mix laying and compaction

1.6 Calculation of labor costs

1.7 Selection of brigade composition

1.8 Standard set for works execution

1.9 Logistical resources

1.10 Quality requirements for acceptance of works

1.11 Health and safety measures

2. Organization of construction production

2.1 Construction Site Organization

2.1.1 Selection of installation crane. Definition of crane impact zones

2.1.2 Temporary Road Design

2.1.3Organising object warehouses and calculating storage area

2.1.4 Calculation of area of temporary buildings and structures

2.2 Temporary water supply

2.3 Power supply

2.3.1 Calculation of Electricity Demand

2.3.2 Calculation of number of spotlights

2.4 Calculation of compressed air demand

List of literature

Contents of the graphic part:

Sheet 1:

Typical floor plan with markings and grips;

Diagram of installation and removal of formwork for gripping;

Specification of formwork elements;

Layout diagram of floor slabs;

Slab Feature Schedule

Work schedule;

Nodes;

Schematic symbols

Sheet 2:

Stroygenplan and wind rose;

Conventions;

Specification of temporary buildings and structures;

List of requirements for machines;

Instructions for Construction Plan

1.1 Scope of application.

The process chart is the main document of the technology of construction production, regulating the sequence and modes of the construction process based on progressive methods and complex mechanization.

The technological map was developed for the construction of a typical floor of a monolithic 10-story residential building. The leading process is concrete work, for which the composition of the integrated team is selected. The works provided in the map include:

- installation of formwork from assembled blocks and panels;

- reinforcement, installation of embedded parts;

- heat insulation layer arrangement;

- laying and compaction of concrete mixture in the structure;

-Transaction of concrete;

- decommissioning of the formwork;

- installation of prefabricated structures.

All work on the construction of a typical floor of a monolithic residential building is carried out in the summer and is carried out in two shifts. For works the KB4051A tower crane is accepted. The typical floor is divided into 2 grabs .

1.5 Technology of standard floor erection.

For in-line construction, each floor of the building must be divided into grabs. The required set of formwork, depending on the technology, provides operation on separate grips. Formwork after cleaning and lubrication is shifted from 1 grip to 2. In this sequence, the cycle is repeated on each floor.

The construction of the above-ground part is provided using a tower crane, the selection of which is carried out by technical parameters. The execution of the works on the grip envisages the following works:

- installation of formwork from assembled units and panels;

- reinforcement, installation of embedded parts;

- heat insulation layer arrangement;

- laying and compaction of concrete mixture in the structure;

- concrete care;

- dismantling of formwork;

- installation of prefabricated structures.

1.5.1 Technology of installation, removal of units, panels and separate panels of formwork, corner elements, penetrators.

1. Prior to installation of the three-dimensional unit of formwork panels it is necessary to:

- install floor panels on the working grip;

- create hairlines of layout axes on the erected floor ;

- clean and lubricate the decks of shields and corner elements in contact with concrete ;

- install vertical and sill frames of external walls;

- deliver tools and accessories to the workplace.

With the help of a scraper and a metal brush, the top of previously erected walls and the surface of floor slabs along the perimeter of the block shields are cleaned from strains of concrete and garbage. Higher-skill workers apply position marks of unit boards decks using roulettes from laying axes. Next, the unit is stroked and a command is sent to the crane operator to lift it. Locksmiths receive the board unit supplied by the crane operator at a height of 5060 cm from the floor and orient it to the installation site, starting between the installed fittings. When lowering, the unit is directed by all locksmiths, orienting it according to the position marks of the boards decks, as well as additionally by roulette measuring the distance from the decks to the marking axes. After making sure that the installation is correct, the unit is upset.

Alignment of the top of the struts is carried out in the following sequence: the locksmith, being on the floor of the unit near one of the struts, holds a geodetic rack and receives signals about the position of the strut, other locksmiths turn the jack screw with a lever, adjusting the position of the strut, and, therefore, the boards, that is, the position of all struts is adjusted.

The high-skill locksmith, being on the floor of the unit, receives the supplied angular element and places it outside the deck of the unit boards at one of the corners, bringing the braces of the element into the space between the shields, holds the corner element in this position, and the fitter of lower qualification, being inside the unit, puts clamps on the braces of the angular element, metal wedges are inserted into slots of tie-rods and clogged to complete abutment of angular element to decks of boards. Sealing gaskets are placed between the struts of the shield frame.

2. Prior to installation of the external wall formwork curtain panel, it is necessary to:

- complete installation of the unit, install (on the opposite side of the unit) the inner wall panel;

- clean and lubricate the deck of the panel to be installed ;

- install and temporarily attach horizontal reinforcement frames (lift the lower frames to the height providing installation of the penetrator on the signalling panel at the design height);

- deliver tools and accessories to the workplace.

Before lifting, make sure that the slinging is correct, and then move to a safe distance and give the command to supply the shield to the installation site. Locksmiths, being on the floor of the unit, with the help of poles receive the shield supplied by the crane operator and by the command of the link, orient it parallel to the panel of the unit, ensuring that in the future the penetrators take place between the reinforcement frames, then the shield is attracted to the unit so that the penetrators enter between the vertical reinforcement frames, and the hinged fuses of the external panel hangers take the position above the slots of the unit. When the shield assumes the required position, the link gives the command to smoothly lower the shield, and other locksmiths orient its hinge bars to the suspension hooks of the unit. At the same time, turning the screws of the unit hangers hooks, the board moves to the unit deck. The roulette checks the distance between the decks of the unit and the panel to be installed and commands to complete the movement of the panel. Then a command is given to the crane operator to lower the sling to facilitate disassembly of the shield and it is necessary to ensure that the sling hooks do not engage the elements of the formwork shields. The ties are inserted into the slots of the frames of the board to be installed and the board of the block, metal wedges are inserted into the holes of the ties and hammer are clogged, at the same time the distance between the decks of the boards is checked, insert gaskets are put on, plastic branch pipes are put on the screws-ties and inserted into the seats of the board frame. A rubber gasket is installed on the flooring of the suspension panel, which helps to insert the screwing screw into the thread of a special nut fixed in the frame of the suspension panel.

By turning the levers on the angular element, they are inserted into the slots of the shield frame, metal wedges are inserted into the holes of the levers and clogged with a hammer, attracting the angular element to the shield. Similarly, another edge of the corner element is attached to a nearby panel. Then, wooden wedges are inserted between the levers of the corner element and the shields and clogged, drawing the deck of the corner element to the deck next to the standing shield.

3. Prior to the start of the installation of the penetrator, it is necessary to:

- install a volumetric unit of panels and weathered its position and install fittings; - clean and lubricate the surfaces of the penetrator touching the concrete; - deliver tools and accessories to the workplace.

Being on the floor, from one of the edges of the board block the design distance to the location of the edge of the penetrator is measured, the surface and joint of the slab slabs from concrete and debris strains are cleaned with a scraper and a steel brush. Convinced of the reliability of the sling, the crane operator is instructed to move the penetrator from the horizontal position to the vertical position by lifting and moving the hook accordingly. The penetrator is received at a height of 25 cm from the floor and is oriented parallel to the installed panel of the unit, ensuring that the side edge of the penetrator coincides with the mark applied on the slab of the floor. The correct installation of the penetrator is visually specified, if necessary, it is brought to the design position in the plan using crowns.

The roulette checks the distance from the upper edge of the penetrator to the top of the panel and drives the slices in height to the design position. During disassembly it is necessary to ensure that the hook does not engage the penetrator or fittings.

4. Before the installation of the shutoff board, it is necessary to:

- install formwork panels that are not connected to the decks of the three-dimensional unit of boards;

- clean and lubricate the deck of the panel to be installed ;

- deliver tools and accessories to the workplace.

The hook of the single-branch sling engages the lifting loop of the shield and is given a command to the crane operator to lift, making sure that the sling is reliable. A shield 30 cm from the overlap is accepted and together with a locksmith, which orients it to the installation site in the interval between the installed ordinary shields. Making sure that the orientation is correct, the crane operator is instructed to smoothly lower the shield. When the installed shield hangs on the decks of the installed shields, the lowering stops. It is necessary to monitor the adjoining of the limiting tabs of the board to the decks of ordinary boards, if necessary, with crowbar and easy tapping of the hammer, the board is brought to the design position. Then the shield is upset. By engaging the hooks of the shield with the retainers of the frame of the ordinary shields, the opposite ends of the grips are inserted into the holes of the tabs of the shield-cutoff, metal wedges are inserted into the holes of the grips and clogged with hammers. Upper grips are installed from the pyramid of the installer.

Works on installation of reinforcement of external and internal walls of standard floor are performed in the following order:

- prior to formwork installation: angular frames, external reinforcement nets of the frame, which connect the frame angle, are installed; vertically standing grids of external walls; an internal mesh linking the frame and the individual rods;

- after installation of three-dimensional unit of boards: reinforcement frames are installed above door and window openings; top rebar grids of standard floor walls.

5. Prior to dismantling of the formwork and other elements, it is necessary to maintain concrete up to 70% of the grade strength.

Work on removal of the hinged panel of the formwork is carried out in the following order: penetrators are released; bolts of lower ties are unscrewed; attachment of external corner panels is removed; the shield is separated from concrete and removed by a tower crane.

6. Prior to removal of the board unit, it is necessary to:

- remove all external formwork panels relative to the unit;

- prepare tools and accessories and deliver to the workplace.

Being inside the unit, wedges are knocked out of corner element fasteners and fasteners are removed, then lower and upper wedges are knocked out of jack straps. Then wedges are clogged to separate the shields from the opposite side of the posts, taking the top of the shields 3 cm from the wall. At the same time, turning four jacks, the block rises 1-2 cm above the floor and completely breaks off from the wall surface. Then the unit is removed using a tower crane.

Cleaning and lubrication of the volume unit is performed in the following sequence: the board is cleaned from concrete strains; lubricated with grease.

1.10 Requirements for quality and acceptance of works.

Works for cast-in-situ walls shall be carried out in accordance with SNiP 3.03.0187 "Load-bearing and enclosing structures." Concrete mixtures shall be prepared in accordance with the requirements of GOST 747385 according to the process regulations approved in accordance with the established procedure.

Each batch of concrete mixture sent to the consumer shall have a quality document, which shall indicate:

- manufacturer, date and time of concrete mix dispatch;

- type of concrete mixture and its symbol;

- concrete mix composition number, class, or concrete grade in terms of compression strength at design age ,

- same in tensile strength in bending;

- coefficient of concrete strength variation, required concrete strength, required concrete strength,

- design grade for medium density (for light concrete);

- type and volume of additives;

- greatest aggregate size, ease of laying of concrete mixture at the place of laying;

- number of the accompanying document;

- manufacturer's warranty;

- other indicators if necessary.

The results of the test of concrete control samples at the design or other required age, the manufacturer must inform the consumer at his request not later than 3 days after the test. The consumer has the right to require a control check of the quality of the concrete mixture in concrete.

Finished concrete mixtures should be delivered to the consumer by specialized modes of transport. The methods used to transport the concrete mixture should exclude the possibility of atmospheric precipitation, homogeneity disturbances, loss of cement "milk," as well as ensure that the mixture is protected on the way from harmful effects of wind and sunlight. During incoming inspection of concrete mixture at the construction site it is necessary to:

- check presence of certificate for concrete mixture and data required in it;

- by means of external inspection make sure that there are no signs of concrete mixture stratification and the required fractions of coarse aggregate are present in it, as well as its compliance with plasticity requirements;

- in case of doubts in the quality of the concrete mixture, require a control check of its compliance with the requirements of GOST 747385 and PPR.

The following requirements shall be met during concrete works:

- difference of formwork surfaces, including butt surfaces, not more than 2 mm;

- height of concrete mixture free dropping is not more than 1 m;

- concrete mixture should be laid and compacted at air temperature not lower than 10 ° С;

- the greatest aggregate size is not more than 1/2 of the plate thickness;

- concrete hardening within 28 days shall take place at temperature not lower than 15 ° С;

- decay of structures and subsequent treatment of concrete is allowed when concrete reaches 70% of design strength.