developed a process map for zero-cycle earthworks

Development of Job Instruction for Earthworks

General part

In accordance with the task for course design, it is necessary to develop Job Instructions for earthworks and construction of the prefabricated monolithic foundation. During the course project, it is necessary to select methods of work, select excavation and transport mechanisms on the basis of technical and economic comparison, determine technical and economic indicators.

Construction district - Kursk. Construction is carried out in the summer. The size of the construction site is 150 × 30 m. The type of soil being developed is loam. Soil transportation is carried out using car dump trucks. The transportation range is 11 km. The depth of the prefabricated monolithic foundation is 1.5 m. The height of the monolithic part of the foundation is 0.45 m, the width is 1.0 m. For the construction of the foundation, wall blocks of the FBS5 brand are used.

1.10 Backfilling device.

After works on arrangement of foundations, laying of communications in trenches, the sinuses of pits and trenches are filled. Backfilling is performed by loose soil having a larger volume than the soil in its natural occurrence. This is due to an increase in porosity in the soil. During operation under the influence of loads, backfilling soil can give precipitation. Soil precipitation causes destruction of the structure erected on it. In practice, there are facts of deformations of bridges, sidewalks, floors, partitions erected on bulk soils. This is not permissible. Backfilling soil must be compacted. The degree of compaction is determined by the bulk mass of the soil skeleton and indicated in the project. Sealing is performed by DC12B sealing machine. Backfilling is carried out in layers (the thickness of the layer depends on the type of ramming machine), followed by moistening and ramming.

1.11 Quality control of excavation works.

The processes of erection of earth structures are subject to systematic control, in the general case including: the position of excavations and embankments in space (planned and high-altitude) geometric dimensions of earth structures; property of soils lying in the base of structures; quality of soil laying in embankments and backfilling. When controlling the position in the space and size of structures, they check: the location on the plan of earthen structures and their dimensions; elevation of edges and bottom of recesses; elevation of the top of the embankments taking into account the reserve for precipitation; elevations of planned surfaces; slopes of cut and fill slopes. This control is carried out using geodetic instruments. Assessment of soil properties in the bases of structures, quarries, embankments and backfills is carried out to establish their compliance with previously accepted in the design of structures. To do this, the main characteristics are determined - density and humidity, which are quality criteria.

.Development of Job Instruction for Installation of Prefabricated Monolithic Foundations

The process plan is being developed for the installation of prefabricated monolithic tape foundations during the summer construction period. Cast-in-situ foundation pad, precast reinforced concrete wall blocks. The foundation pad is made of heavy concrete B15. The valve flow rate according to k coefficient according to the assignment is k = 0.01. Foundation cushion with height h = 450 mm and width 2BF = 1.

Prefabricated foundation blocks are made of heavy concrete of class

B-12.5.

2.2. Calculation of labor costs and wages.

The calculation of labor costs is made for a complex process for the construction of a prefabricated monolithic foundation in order to ensure the fulfillment of production standards, issuance of shift tasks to workers, calculations of technology and organization of work. (see Appendix 2)

2.3 Selection of method and methods of works execution.

The works are carried out in-line method with the breakdown of the foundation into grips. The sequence of work execution is determined by the work execution schedule. Works are performed from the warehouse with preliminary distribution of elements in the crane coverage area.

Sealing is carried out by a depth vibrator with operational quality control.

The schedule is shown in the graphic part table.

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