Exchange rate - develop a process plan for zero cycle installation

Introduction

According to the task for the course project, a technological map should be developed for the installation of a zero cycle for a 5-storey residential building in the city of Novopolotsk, Vitebsk region. Working drawings for execution of Job Instruction are course design No. 1 for "GIPZ" object. During the development of the technological map, the regulatory reference literature in force in the Republic of Belarus is used, as well as the experience of leading construction organizations in the city of Gomel.

The process plan is designed for rational work execution, it allows to reduce labor intensity and construction time. The process plan is developed taking into account safety, labor protection and environmental protection.

The routing consists of the following sections:

1. Scope.

2. Organization and technology of the construction process.

3. Organization and working methods of workers.

4. Logistical resources.

5. Calculation of labor costs.

6. Technical and economic indicators.

7. Quality control.

8. Safety technique.

Development of Job Instruction

Scope of Application

1.1. The process plan for the zero-cycle installation was developed for a 5-storey residential building in the city of Novopolotsk, Vitebsk region.

1.2. The work is carried out in the summer. Work is carried out on shift.

1.3. The Job Instruction includes the following operations:

1.3.1. Installation of foundation slabs.

1.3.2. Installation of foundation blocks.

1.3.3. Installation of ladder platform.

1.3.4. Installation of the flight of stairs.

1.3.5. Installation of floor slabs.

1.3.6. Vertical and horizontal waterproofing.

1.3.7. Fill welds.

Organization and technology of the construction process

2.1. The following works shall be performed prior to zero cycle installation:

2.1.1. In the developed pit, the soil was manually reworked

2.1.2. The axes of the building are transferred to the bottom of the pit.

2.1.3. Crane tracks were installed, a crane was installed and permission was taken in the industrial construction control.

2.2. Materials required for the performance of the work shall be delivered to the site 2-3 days before the start of the work. Slabs and blocks are stored in open areas in the crane area, behind the prism of collapse of slopes in the pit. Concrete is prepared at the workplace using concrete mixers. Cement is stored in special containers, excluding water and moisture ingress.

2.3. The work is carried out by the tower crane KB 100.3.A.2.

2.4. Calculation of work quantities.

2.6. Organization and technology of the construction process

Installation of foundation slabs shall be carried out in the following process sequence:

Instrumental check of vertical elevations of bases for foundations and compliance of pit dimensions and configuration with working drawings of underground part and signing of corresponding certificate of pit acceptance is performed.

Foundations are marked with the help of plumb and wire stretched on the cladding along the axes of the building.

Base surface is carefully checked and compacted. Usually the base for the foundations is sandy sprinkling, in some cases - small crushed stone or gravel. The width and length of the base are made 200300 mm larger than the size of the foundation to prevent the plates from hanging from the base pad. The layout of the base is carried out using viziers. Horizontality is checked by a rule with a level that is laid on a adjusted ring and rotated in various directions.

Installation begins with the installation of lighthouses at the corners and at the intersection of the walls. The distance between them should be no more than 1520 m, otherwise intermediate lighthouses are additionally laid. The top of them is checked with leveler. Horizontal is checked by a rule with a level. Deviations are eliminated by means of mounting slice, and if necessary (in case of significant deviations) the plate is re-mounted.

After installation of lighthouse plates, wire berth is stretched and intermediate plates are laid on it.

Adjustment of intermediate plates is performed in the same way as adjustment of lighthouse plates.

On top of the laid foundation slabs, a bracing is arranged from cement sand mortar with liquid glass, a grade corresponding to the project, which performs the role of waterproofing.

Methods and techniques of work.

The scaffold worker T makes external inspection of a base plate, checks existence of assembly loops and gives the command to the crane operator To a tax a sling.

Crane operator K lowers the sling and rigger T performs slinging of the slab with 2-x branch sling 2SK5.0, after which it gives the command to the crane operator to tighten the sling and raise the slab 2030 cm from the ground.

Convinced of the reliability of the sling, the rigger instructs the crane operator to move the plate to the place of installation.

At this time, installers M1 and M2 prepare a sand and gravel base for foundation slabs.

Installers M1 and M2 accept the plate. Link M1 gives a signal to crane operator K to stop the supply of the plate at a height of 2030 cm from the support surface, with the installer M2 it is precisely guided by the signal M1 the crane operator smoothly lowers the plate to the support surface.

With strained slings, the installer M1 checks the correct installation of the plate, and the installer M2, if necessary, draws it with the help of the installation slice.

After final alignment, the M2 installer disassembles the foundation slab.

Before installation of basement wall units, it is necessary to:

lay slabs of tape foundations;

perform horizontal waterproofing on foundation slabs;

deliver the necessary materials, products, devices to the facility; inventory.

Process sequence of basement wall assembly works.

Horizontal surface of waterproofing made on foundation slabs is checked. Then position of laying axes is performed and places for installation of lighthouse blocks are marked, which are mounted at corners of building and at points of walls crossing.

A 20 mm thick solution bed is arranged under the installed lighthouse block, then the block is guided and lowered onto the solution layer corresponding to the project.

With the help of mounting scrap, the unit is straightened to achieve alignment of marking hairlines.

Alignment in the plan is controlled by a plumb designing the axis of the building on the installation risk on the upper face of the block, the horizontality of the block is checked by the level.

After installation of lighthouse blocks, intermediate blocks of basement walls are mounted along tensioned berth secured by clamp to upper face of lighthouse block.

After the unit is checked, vertical seams are carefully filled with solution.

Each subsequent row of blocks is laid with dressing of vertical seams for half the length of the block, but not less than 200 mm in relation to the underlying row of blocks.

On the cleaned surface of the blocks, a solution layer with a thickness of 20 mm is spread, it is leveled without bringing it to the edge of the blocks by 30-40 mm. Foundation block is installed on prepared solution bed.

After the unit is lowered into place, correctness of its horizontal, vertical and relative to previously installed units is checked.

After final alignment of the unit, it is disassembled.

When laying wall blocks of the third tier and above, as well as for local closures, inventory scaffolds should be used.

Work on the installation of the walls of the basement is also carried out by a link, which installs slabs of tape foundations.

Methods and techniques of work.

Rigger T inspects the foundation block, determines the presence of mounting loops, then instructs the crane operator to supply the sling.

The crane operator K lowers the sling and the rigger T slings the unit behind the mounting loops with a two-branch sling, then instructs the crane operator to tighten the slings and lift the unit.

Making sure that the sling is reliable, the rigger instructs the crane operator to move the unit to the installation site.

At this time, installers M1 and M2 prepare a solution bed.

At the command of the link M1, the crane operator suspends the supply of the unit at a height of 3050 cm from the support surface, together with the installer M2, the unit is deployed and accurately guided to the installation place, and M1 signals the crane operator to smoothly lower the unit to its place.

With strained slings, the installer M2 draws the installed unit with an installation scrap, and the installer M1 checks its position horizontally and vertically.

After adjustment of the unit, the installer M2 disassembles the unit and together with the installer M1 carefully fill the vertical seams with solution.

Organization and working methods of workers

3.1. Work schedule. (refer to format)

3.2. Organization and working methods of workers.

Calculation of labor costs

Logistical resources

4.1. Transport task

Source Data:

Quantity of base plates - 110, the average mass of one plate - 1.69 tone, the number of changes - 1, the number of days of transportation - 2, L=14killometrov, sr =48 km/h, tp1=3minuty, tr1=3minuty, tm =2minuty.

Solution:

We accept for transportation MAZ 504A with semi-trailer UPR1212 with lifting capacity of 12 tones.

Quality Control

Safety precautions

When installing prefabricated foundations, it is necessary to follow the labor safety rules in accordance with the requirements of SNiP Sh-4-80 * "Safety in construction." Rules for the construction and safety of the operation of lifting cranes, "approved by the State Romatomnadzor. Erection of Foundations shall be carried out in accordance with working drawings, work design and this Job Instruction.

Workers who have passed the introductory and primary training at the workplace and who have the corresponding certificates are allowed to work on the site. Workers must have helmets that meet the requirements of GOST 12.04.087-84

Slinging of foundation slabs and foundation blocks must be carried out behind all loops, at the same time to avoid overvoltage, the hook is free to enter the loop. During operation, the crane operator receives signals from the foreman (link) or rigger, who must have a red or yellow bandage on his left hand.

During installation, it is necessary to observe the following rules: before lifting the prefabricated elements, check the reliability of mounting hinges, do not lift parts pressed by other elements or pushed to the ground by the crane, move the elements in a horizontal direction at a height of at least 0.5 m above other objects, you can accept the supplied element when it is 2030 cm from the installation site. During the acceptance of the product, the installers must not be between the product and the wall, the elements should be installed without tremors, preventing impact on other structures, if it is necessary to re-install the element, the solution should be cleaned with a blade with a long handle. You cannot use a cell for this purpose. When performing work from scaffolding, scaffolding must be fenced.

Literature

1. G.K. Sokolov, - Technology and organization of construction. Moscow ACADEMY 2002

2. N. N. Danilov, - Technology and organization of construction production. Moscow. Stroyizdat 1988

3. Typical Job Instructions for Construction and Installation Works.

4. SNiP III - 4 - 80 * - Safety in construction.

5. BNB 8.03.301 - 2000 Resource-bearing norms.

6. Standards for production quality of main types of CIW.

7. Methodological guidelines for the implementation of practical work on the topic:

"Installation of building structures" GGDST 2006.