Welding transformer TD-500U2

Contents

Introduction of _________________________________________________________

1 General part of the ____________________________________________________

1.1 Purpose of welding transformer of TD-500U2 type ______________

1.2 Composition and summary of welding transformer type

TD-500U2 _____________________________________________________

1.3 Principle of operation of welding transformer of TD-500U2 type ________

1.4 Requirements for electrical equipment of welding transformer of type TD-500U2 _____________________________________________________

1.5 Description of control diagram of welding transformer of TD-500U2 type _____________________________________________________

2 Process part ___________________________________________

2.1 Preparation of TD-500-U2 welding transformer for operation __________

2.2 Maintenance of welding transformer electrical equipment of type TD-500U2 __________________________________

2.3 Main faults of welding transformer TD-500U2 ______

2.4 Repair of welding transformer _______________________________

2.4.1 Roadmap

2.4.2 Operating card

2.5 Welding transformer test after maintenance _____

2.6 MTO __________________________________________

2.7 Safety Rules for Operation of Welding Transformer TD-500U2 _____________________________________________________

List of literature ________________________________________________

Conclusions on the course project ______________________________________

Clean sheet for license

Introduction

One of the most important advantages of AC over DC is the ease and simplicity with which you can convert the alternating current of one voltage to the alternating current of another voltage. This is achieved through a simple and witty device - a transformer created in 1876 by the wonderful Russian scientist Pavel Nikolaevich Yablochkov.

P.N. Yablochkov proposed a method of "crushing light" for his candles using a transformer. Subsequently, the design of transformers was developed by another Russian inventor I.F. Usagin, who proposed to use transformers to power not only Yablochkov's candles, but also other receivers.

Subsequently, several designs of single-phase transformers with a closed magnetic circuit were created by Hungarian electrical engineers O. Blati, M. Deri and K. Tsipernovsky. For the development of transformer engineering and electrical engineering in general, the work of Professor A.G. Stoletov on the study of magnetic properties and the calculation of magnetic circuits was of great importance.

Welding transformers are designed to create a stable electric arc, so they must have the required external characteristic. As a rule, this is a falling characteristic, since welding transformers are used for manual arc welding and flux welding.

Industrial alternating current in Russia has a frequency of 50 periods per second (50 Hz). Welding transformers are used for conversion of high voltage of electric network (220 or 380 V) to low voltage of secondary electric circuit to required level for welding determined by conditions for excitation and stable burning of welding arc. The secondary voltage of the welding transformer at idle (without load in the welding circuit) is 60-75 V. When welding at low currents (60-100 A), it is desirable to have an idle voltage of 70-80 V.

1 common part

1.1 Purpose of welding transformer of TD-500U2 type

Welding transformer TD500U2 serves for power supply of one welding one welding station during manual arc welding, cutting and surfacing of metals with alternating current of 50 Hz frequency and is intended for operation in closed rooms and outdoors. When welding in the open air, it must be protected by a canopy from rain and snow.

The transformer meets the requirements of GOST 9569 when operating above sea level not more than 1000 m, ambient temperature ± 40 ° С and relative air humidity not more than 90% at ± 20 ° С.

1.2 Composition and summary of welding transformer type TD-500U2

The rod-type welding transformer TD500U2 is a single-hull mobile plant with natural ventilation and consists of the following main units:

1) core magnetic conductor is designed to pass with certain losses of magnetic flux excited by electric current flowing in transformer windings;

2) transformer windings (primary and secondary);

3) switch of current ranges, provides adjustment of welding current in two overlapping ranges from 100 to 560 A;

4) current pointing mechanism;

5) casing.

Main characteristics of welding transformer of TD-500U2 type:

Rated welding current , A................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 500

Limits of regulation of welding current, And: at the range of small currents.................................... 80250 at high current range .................................. 250560

Frequency, Hz............................................................... 50

Rated primary voltage, V........................... 380 or 220

Primary current, A: at 220 V design............................................ 145 at 380 V design............................................. 84

Secondary idling voltage, V: at high current range................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 60 at low current range...................................... 76

Rated operating voltage, V............................... 40

Welding cycle duration, min............................. 5

Ratio of working period duration to cycle duration (OL). , % ……………………. 60

Rated power, kV * A..................................................................................................................................... 32

Weight (maximum), kg................................................................................................................. 210

1.4 Requirements for welding current sources

Welding transformers or static or motor-generator converters with electric motors or internal combustion engines shall be used as welding current sources for this purpose only. Power supply to the welding arc of the electric slag bath and resistance of contact welding directly from the power, lighting or contact electrical network is not allowed.

Electrical load of several single-phase welding current sources shall be evenly distributed as far as possible between phases of the three-phase network.

Electric welding plants with a multi-bridge welding current source shall have a device (circuit breaker, fuses) to protect the source from overload, as well as switching and protective electric devices (apparatus) on each line going to the welding station. These lines should be made radial; use of main circuits in installations with multi-bridge welding rectifiers is allowed only during feasibility study.

To determine the welding current value, the electric welding plant must have a measuring instrument. On electric welding plants with a single-bridge welding current source, it may not have a measuring device if there is a scale in the welding current source on the current regulator.

Electric load of electric welding plants shall not reduce the values of electric power quality indicators for electric receivers connected to general-purpose networks, which are regulated by the current standard.

The circuit for switching on several sources of welding current during their operation on a single welding arc, electric slag bath or contact welding resistance should exclude the possibility of a voltage between the product and the electrode exceeding the largest idling voltage of one of the sources of welding current.

The primary circuit of the electric welding plant must contain switching (disconnecting) and protective electric devices (apparatus), its nominal voltage must be not more than 660 V.

Welding circuits shall not be connected to electrical circuits connected to the network (including electrical circuits supplied from the network of excitation windings of converter generators).

Cabinets of complete devices and enclosures of welding equipment (machines), having non-insulated current-conducting parts under voltage higher than 50 V AC or higher than 110 V DC, shall be equipped with interlocking 2, which provides for doors (doors) opening

disconnection from the electrical network of devices located inside the cabinet (housing). In this case, the bushings (leads) remaining energized should be protected from accidental touches. It is allowed to use locks with special keys instead of locking, if during operation it is not required to open doors (doors).

In addition to protective grounding of open conductive parts and connection to the potential equalization system of third-party conductive parts, grounding of one of the outputs of the secondary circuit of welding current sources: welding transformers, static converters and technical equipment shall be provided. motor-generator converters, in which excitation windings of generators are connected to electric network without separating transformers.

In electric welding plants, in which the arc burns between the electrode and the electrically conductive product, the terminal of the secondary circuit of the welding current source, connected by a conductor (reverse wire) to the product, should be grounded.

Welding electrical equipment for connection of protective PE-conductor must have a bolt (screw, stud) with a contact pad located in an accessible place with the inscription "Earth" (or with a conditional ground mark as per GOST 2.72174 *). The diameters of the bolt and contact platform shall be not less than those specified in GOST 12.2.007.075.

Electric welding plants in which grounding according to 7.6.28 cannot be performed according to the conditions of the electrotechnical process, as well as portable and mobile electric welding plants, the grounding of whose equipment is significant difficulties, must be equipped with devices for protective shutdown or continuous insulation monitoring.

2 process part

2.1 Preparation for operation of TD-500U2 welding transformer

Before the start-up of a new transformer, which has not been used for a long time, as well as when changing the installation location:

- clean the transformer from dust by blowing it with dry compressed air; if necessary, paint the damaged places, before removing rust and degreasing from them;

- check the megohm meter for 500 V the insulation resistance of windings of the transformer which for primary contour does not have to be lower 1mom, and for secondary not lower than 0.5 M. When the insulation resistance of the transformer decreases, dry it by blowing warm air. Winding temperature shall be not less than 100 ° С;

- ground the transformer housing - do not turn it on without grounding; ground the secondary winding clamp of the transformer, to which the conductor coming to the article is connected;

- check the condition of electrical wires and contacts;

- make sure that the ends of the working cable do not touch each other, and the connected electric holder and the end of the second working wire do not touch the metal surface simultaneously;

- set the current range switch to the required range.

- check compliance of the mains voltage with the voltage specified on the transformer factory board;

- connect the welding transformer through the circuit breaker and fuses.

ТД-500У2.cdw

ДЕТАЛИ.cdw