ViV Course Project

Contents

CONTENTS

GENERAL PART

1.1.Select Design Input

INTERNAL PLUMBING DESIGN

2.1.Construction of internal water supply

2.2.Hydraulic calculation of internal water supply

2.3. Determination of estimated expenses

2.4.Determination of pipe diameters and head losses

2.5.Water meter selection

2.6. Determination of the required head for the internal water supply system

INTERNAL SEWERAGE SYSTEM DESIGN

3.1.Construction of sewage system

YARD SEWER NETWORK

4.1.Value calculation of yard sewage

MATERIAL SPECIFICATION

LIST OF LITERATURE USED

3 Internal sewage system design

Internal sewage systems are designed to drain household, industrial and storm waste water from buildings to external sewage networks.

Internal sewerage systems consist of the following elements: sewage receivers, hydraulic closures, discharge pipelines, sewage risers, extracts, headers and outlets. Depending on the purpose of the building, the following internal sewage systems shall be designed:

Household - for the removal of sewage from sanitary devices (toilets, washes, baths, washbasins, showers, etc.);

Production - for waste water disposal;

Internal drains - to drain rain and meltwater from the roof of buildings.

In residential and public buildings, there is a need to drain household wastewater. The choice of the internal sewage system depends on the type and composition of the wastewater. In residential and public buildings, only the domestic sewerage network is designed.

Choosing a sewage system, the issue of choosing the type of sanitary devices is resolved. The types and number of sanitary devices installed in buildings are determined in accordance with the requirements given in the chapters of SNiP for the design of buildings and structures for various purposes.

In residential buildings are installed: toilets, washes, baths and washbasins.

The method of laying pipelines - open or hidden - must be consistent with the method of laying pipelines of the internal water pipeline.

3.1. Design of internal sewage systems.

The design of internal sewerage systems consists in the choice of the type of pipes, sanitary devices, places of installation of risers, branch lines, outlets.

The sewer systems should be designed in the following order:

The type of sanitary appliances is assigned;

On the plans of the basement and floors there are sanitary appliances and sewage risers, risers are numbered St. K. 1, St. K. 2, etc.;

On floor plans, diversion lines from sanitary devices are applied;

On the basement plans, sewage releases and headers are applied, combining several risers;

The pipe type is selected;

Cut or axonometric diagram of one sewer riser is drawn.

Select a pipe type. For the internal sewerage device, cast-iron bell sewage pipes, plastic pipes (polyethylene, polypropylene and polyvinyl chloride) are used less often asbestos cement pipes, and as an exception, steel pipes. In residential and public buildings, cast iron and plastic pipes are mainly used. The most common pipes were cast-iron sewage funnels with asphalt surface and plastic.

Cast iron sewage bell pipes according to GOST 694298 are made with a diameter of 50, 100 and 150 mm, a length of 500 to 2200 mm. From tap iron pipes, they are distinguished by a smaller wall thickness, the shape of the bell and the quality of cast iron.

Connection of cast iron and plastic pipes into assemblies is made using shaped bell parts, respectively, cast iron or plastic. Shaped parts are manufactured by the industry of the following types: taps - under 900, 1100, 1350, oblique and straight tees, oblique and straight crosses, passages, couplings, indents, revisions, cleaning, hydraulic closures. Each sanitary device, which does not have a hydraulic gate in its design, must be equipped with a hydraulic gate located at the outlet under the device.

When installing shells and urinals, as a rule, siphons should be used - revisions, when installing baths - floor siphons, when installing washbasins and washes - bottle ones.

Drain pipelines are used to drain waste water from sanitary devices to risers. They are connected directly to hydraulic gates of sanitary devices and applied with a slope to risers. The flow of waste water in the drain lines is gravity.

The diameters of the branch lines are usually not calculated, but are accepted according to the table. Branch lines are laid on walls above the floor, in the floor structure and under the ceiling of the lower floor.

When laying branch lines in a floor, their direction should be consistent with the location of beams and other structural features of the floor. Suspension of pipes of the lower floor is possible only in sanitary units and, partially, in corridors. In kitchens, living rooms, suspension of branch pipes is not allowed. Cleaning devices for clogging removal are installed at the beginning of the branch line and at turns with angle > 300.

Risers receive waste water from branch lines from all floors. Risers are installed in the places where sanitary devices are located and closer to those where the most polluted effluents enter (to toilets).

Diameters of risers are taken equal to the largest diameter of branch line. Along the entire height, sewer risers of the same diameter are accepted.

To clean the risers, revisions are installed at a height of 1.0m from the floor or 150mm above the side of the highest floor instrument in the following places: on the upper and lower floors of the building, before indentation on the riser, at the height of the building 5 floors and above - revisions are installed on the upper and lower floors and in intermediate floors at least 3 floors, provided that the riser is straightforward.

Releases - serve to collect waste water from one or a group of risers and drain effluents into the yard network. Outlet diameters are taken equal to downcomer diameters or more. The transition of the riser to the outlet must be smooth and made by two branches at an angle of 1350, or by one branch at an angle of 1350 and an oblique tee at an angle of 450, or by one branch at an angle of 900 with a radius of 400 mm. Within the building, the exhaust is laid under the ceiling of the basement, on the wall or above the floor of the basement. The depth of the releases should be consistent with the depth of the yard network. The length of the outlet from the riser or cleaning to the axis of the inspection well of the palace sewage system must be no more than 8 m with a diameter of the outlet of 50mm, no more than 12m with a diameter of 100mm and no more than 15m with a diameter of 150mm and more.

If the length of the outlet is more than the specified value, it is necessary to provide an additional inspection well or additional revision on the outlet inside the building.

At the points of connection of the outlets to the yard network, inspection wells shall be provided, the internal diameters of which are accepted:

for pipes with diameter up to 200mm and depth of their laying up to... 2.. m - 700mm;

for pipes with diameter up to 200mm and depth of their laying more than 2.0m - 1000mm.

The outlets are laid out of cast iron funnel sewage pipes. The arrangement of releases on the facade of the building is not allowed if the building with the facade goes to the red line of development.

Extracts. The sewer riser in the upper part passes into the exhaust pipe, which is brought out above the roof at least 500 mm. The diameter of the riser exhaust shall be taken equal to the diameter of the riser.

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