To Detail a General View Drawing

Contents

Introduction

Summary

1. Types of products

2. General View Drawing

3. Detail Working Drawing

4. Axonometric drawing

5. Detail Assembly Drawing

6. Execution and design of part drawings

6.1 Part No. 1 "Rod"

6.2 Part No. 2 "Piston"

6.3 Part No. 3 "Cover"

6.4 Part No. 4 "Housing"

6.5 Part No. 5 "Connector"

Conclusion

Literature

Introduction

Detailing is the execution of part drawings according to general drawings when developing a new product or replacing worn and damaged parts in working equipment. In the course of creation of the new mechanism the detalirovaniye is one of final operations of design of machines, machines, devices and devices. Typically, you will first create structural drawings of general types of plants, machines, and other articles or parts thereof to be manufactured, followed by working drawings defining the shape and dimensions of each part. According to these drawings, parts are manufactured in production.

Summary

The calculation explanatory note contains 25 pages, including 5 drawings. The graphic part is made on 3 sheets of A4 format and 2 sheets of A3.

In this course work, the principle of operation of the pneumatic cylinder serving to drive the mechanism (accessory) connected to the rod and piston is studied. The graphical part of the work includes: initial data (cylinder assembly drawing and specification), working drawings of 5 parts (rod, piston, cover, housing, nozzle), which are made using Compas3d graphic editor.

Types of products

A product is any item or set of items to be manufactured at a plant. They are divided into the following types: parts, assemblies, complexes and sets.

A part is a product made of a material uniform in name and brand without the use of assembly operations, for example: a roller of one piece of metal; cast housing; a bimetallic sheet plate; A line of cable or wire of a specified length tube welded or welded from one piece of sheet material.

An assembly unit is a product whose components are interconnected at the manufacturer by assembly operations (screwing, welding, pressing, etc.), for example: a car, a micromodule, a welded body, a plastic flywheel with metal fittings.

In the training process, drawings of parts and assemblies are mainly carried out.

Detail Working Drawing

A part is a product made of a homogeneous metal by name and brand, without the use of assembly operations.

Examples of parts include a roller made of a single piece of metal, a bolt, a key, and the like.

Each part requires a working drawing. A working drawing of a part is a document containing an image of a part, dimensions, and other data necessary for the manufacture, repair, and inspection of a part. This document contains material data, surface roughness, technical requirements, etc. Thus, the working drawing includes both a graphic and a text part.

When you run a working drawing, parts define the view that provides the most insight into its device (the main view) and the number of other views and images you need.

The desired paper format is selected and an acceptable image scale is set. Then you build the drawing, that is, begin to rationally place images on the sheet. Specifies the drawing border and title block. If parts that require parameter tables are displayed, they have a space at the top right of the format. For other parts, space is left on the right to record the technical requirements for them, including information on the hardness of the metal deviations of the axis of alignment, radii of rounds, etc. Then rectangles are marked by dimensions corresponding to overall dimensions of images; Note here that required margin of area is left for application of sizes near each image. In the upper right corner, space is left to apply roughness marks.

The inscriptions on the drawings in the specifications and tables are made in accordance with GOST 2.316 - 68. Text parts, captions, and tables are included in the drawing when the data they contain cannot be expressed graphically or by legend.

The text of the title block must be precise, short, and parallel to the title block of the drawing. Items of technical requirements shall have end-to-end numbering and be grouped by nature in accordance with the recommendations of GOST 2.316 - 68.

Captions related to the image can contain no more than two lines located above and below the leader shelf. The leader line ends with either a dot in the image or an arrow.

The title block is made in accordance with GOST 2.104 - 68 and 2.107 - 68 "Basic requirements for working drawings." The name of the parts is written in the nominative case in the singular in the names consisting of several words, in the first place is the name of the noun, for example: "Gear wheel."

Axonometric drawing

When performing technical drawings, in some cases it is necessary to have visual images of objects in rectangular projections along with the image.

This is necessary to make it possible to more fully identify the design solutions embedded in the image of the object, correctly represent its position in space, evaluate the proportions of its parts and dimensions.

Illustrative images in some drawings may be used independently of rectangular images, for example, for depicting power and heat supply schemes of buildings and structures.

There are various ways to build visual images. This includes axonometric, athenic and vector projections, as well as linear perspective.

The construction of axonometric projections consists in the fact that the geometric figure, together with the axes of rectangular coordinates to which this figure is assigned in space, is projected in parallel (rectangular or coaxial) ways onto the selected projection plane. Thus, an axonometric projection is a projection on one plane. The projection direction is selected so that it does not coincide with any of the coordinate axes.

When constructing axonometric projections, the depicted object is rigidly associated with the Oxyz natural coordinate system. In general, an axonometric drawing is obtained consisting of a parallel projection of an object, supplemented by an image of coordinate axes with natural scale segments along these axes. The name "axonometry" comes from the words - axon - axis and metreo - I measure.

The axonometric projections are divided into:

- coaxial when the projection direction is not perpendicular to the plane of the axonometric projections;

are rectangular when the projection direction is perpendicular to the plane of the axonometric projections.

Depending on the comparative value of the axis distortion coefficients, three types of axonometry are distinguished:

- isometry - all three distortion coefficients are equal to each other (u = v = w);

- dimetrium - two distortion coefficients are equal to each other and differ from the third (and is not equal to v = w or and = v is not equal to w);

-trimetry - all three distortion coefficients are not equal to each other (u is not equal to v is not equal to w).

Circle in isometry

1-ellipse (the major axis is at an angle of 90 to the y axis); 2-ellipse (major axis is at an angle of 90 to z axis); 3-ellipse (major axis 90 to x axis)

Detail Assembly Drawing

Detailing is the execution of parts according to general drawings when developing a new product or replacing worn and damaged parts in working equipment. In the course of creation of the new mechanism the detalirovaniye is one of final operations of design of machines, machines, devices and devices. Typically, structural drawings of general types of installations, machines and other articles of their parts intended for manufacture are first created, after which working drawings are made from them that determine the shape and dimensions of each part. According to these drawings, parts are manufactured in production.

During the detailing process, the dimensions and shape of each designed part are refined and linked to other parts. The main view of each individual part may not be as it appears in the general view drawing. The number of views, sections, and sections may need to be larger or smaller, you may need to scale the drawing, and so on. This is due to the different requirements for general view drawings and detail working drawings. For example, all lathes (axles, shafts, rods, etc.) that can occupy a vertical position in the assembly unit are usually placed horizontally in the working drawing (this corresponds to their location on the machine during their processing).

Before you begin working on detail drawings, you should carefully familiarize yourself with the assembly drawing. It is necessary to find out the structure and procedure of the assembly unit, the shape and dimensions of the parts included in it, the material from which they are made.

The assembly drawing carries all assembly-controlled dimensions as well as part information (name, quantity, and so on). Sections and sections of adjacent parts are hatched in different directions. The same part on different sections is hatched equally in frequency and direction.

All non-repeating parts of the assembly unit are measured by serial numbers of positions placed on the polkvynosks. Balloons are placed parallel to the drawing title block and are grouped on one horizontal line into a line or column in a clockwise or counterclockwise direction over the entire drawing field. The main document for the assembly unit is the BOM. It lists the part numbers, their name, and the material from which they are made.

Moving parts of the assembly unit are shown, as a rule, in two extreme positions and are surrounded in one case by lines of a solid contour, and in the other by a dashed stroke (the dimension of the part movement is placed).

Detailing is performed in several stages:

1) study the assembly unit by reading its drawing in the previously specified

sequences

2) install parts, drawings of which are to be made, and outline the detail sequence;

3) find and analyze the images of the target part in the drawing, determine its main image, the number and composition of the required images. The number of images must be minimal but sufficient to fully understand the shape and dimensions of the part;

and 4) selecting an image scale. When detailing, you do not need to follow the same scale for all parts. Small details, especially of complex shape, are depicted on a larger scale. Remember that images must occupy 75% of the drawing field, and the distance from the frame to the image must be a minimum of 40mm;

5) selecting the required paper sheet size for drawing, drawing a frame and a title block. Each part in the machine-building working drawings is placed on a separate drawing format, decorated with a title block (form I). On A4 sheets, the title block is arranged along the short side of the sheet and images are sequentially made. In the drawing, parts also show features that are not shown or shown in a simplified way in the assembly drawing, such as chamfers, fillets, grooves, and so on. The dimensions of these elements are determined not by the assembly drawing, but by the corresponding standards for these elements;

7) refine the image

8) apply dimensions, roughness symbols and other data on the drawing;

9) check the drawing and finalize it: make a hatch,

stroke, fill in the title block, indicate technical requirements if necessary. The part name, quantity, and material are defined by the BOM.