The project of the store with utility rooms in the city of Uglegorsk according to the standard project.

Contents

CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION

1. DESCRIPTION OF THE OBJECT UNDER CONSTRUCTION

1.1 Brief description of the object under construction

1.2 General Plan Description

1.3 Volumetric planning solution

1.4 Constructive solution

2. DESIGN AND STRUCTURAL PART

2.1 Metal Column Calculation

2.2 Calculation of the foundation for the column

3. ORGANIZATION AND TECHNOLOGY OF WORKS

3.1. Define Scope of Work

3.2. Determination of labour intensity, composition of links and brigade

3.3. Selection of slinging method

3.4. Calculation of cost-effectiveness of installation cranes

3.5. Ensuring structural stability

3.6. Calculation of vehicle requirements

4. HEALTH AND SAFETY MEASURES

5. DEFINITION OF WORK EPP

CONCLUSION

LIST OF LITERATURE

APPLICATIONS

Introduction

In this diploma project, the technology of erecting a store with utility rooms in the city of Uglegorsk is being developed according to a typical project.

Installation of building structures is a leading technological process in construction. During the construction of the universal building, an in-line construction method was used, in which teams (links) of permanent workers equipped with an appropriate set of tools and construction machines perform the same different types of work, maximally combined in time on different fronts of work (grips, sections). This method of mounting combines the advantages of sequential and parallel methods and eliminates their disadvantages. In the flow method, less time is required than in the series, fewer resources are consumed simultaneously than in the parallel method, homogeneous material and technical resources are uniformly consumed and specialized transport is loaded, and teams (links) of workers constantly perform the same work.

The work also develops a process plan for the installation of building structures during the construction of the above-ground part of the industrial building. The Job Instruction reflects the scope of work of individual erection stages (number and weight of installation elements, number of joints, welds), process diagrams of erection of structures and their slings, diagrams or scaffold drawings; welding technology, grouting and sealing of joints; installation schedules, instructions for installation work, requirements for product quality, calculation of machine and worker needs; specification of equipment, basic materials, accessories and tools, solutions ensuring safety of technological processes organization and work performance, technical and economic indicators of installation works. The level of organizational and technical work in the contracting organization is also taken into account. The use of routings in construction practice contributes to the maximum reduction of manual labor .

The purpose of the work: to develop, calculate and draw the construction of a store building with utility rooms in the city of Uglegorsk.

Tasks of VKR :

justify the selection of structural elements of the building ;

calculate and design the metal column and reinforced concrete foundation of the cup type;

develop a Job Instruction for installation of steel structures;

draw up a schedule;

Calculate local estimate for earthworks.

Description of the object to be erected

Brief description of the object under construction

The construction site is a two-story store located in Uglegorsk. The building is provided using typical crane-free sections, has overall dimensions in the plan of 22.4x13.2 m. For a 2-story store building, a column grid (7.4x7.6x7.4) * (4.4x4.4x4.4) is chosen. The height of the housing to the bottom of the coating structures is accepted as 6.95m. Taking into account the structures, the floor height is 3.3 m.

The main type of columns is reinforced concrete, with a height of 2 floors, a section of 300 * 300 mm, for the attachment of enclosing structures on the second floor, fencer columns are provided: a section of 200x200 mm, a height of 8.0 m. As enclosing structures - wall panels with height dimensions: 1.2. 1.8, in length - equal to the pitch of the columns. For the arrangement of floors, two types of ribbed plates are used: the main ones with a width of 1500mm and good ones with a width of 750 mm, the height of the plates is 400mm, the coating plates are ribbed with a size of 1.2x3m. Slabs of coatings and floors are laid along girders. Lighting in the building is carried out through side glazing. All features are generic.

General Plan Description

The graphic part of the project shows a fragment of the development of the city of Uglegorsk.

All buildings are oriented around the world so as to ensure normal insolation of rooms through windows and windows. The prevailing southwestern winds will be dissected into the corners of buildings to better preserve heat inside the premises.

The area shown shows: a designed two-story store, a department store, residential buildings 5 and 9 floors high. For a full-fledged population, all these facilities are provided that create amenities for daily purchases in their quarter. Access to each building is provided, pedestrian paths, automobile passages on asphalt concrete pavement are equipped.

Cars can access the designed store from both the main facade and the courtyard, ensuring the separation of flows of cars and people. The areas in front of the store are paved with paving tiles.

Flower beds are equipped on this territory to create the attractiveness of the facade, lawns are sufficiently present. Throughout the site, landscaping is represented by flowering trees and shrubs - apple tree, lilac, as well as birch, maple, etc. The trees, shrubs, perennial herbs and flowers adopted for planting are selected taking into account their adaptation to local climatic conditions and, based on the presence in the nursery, can be replaced.

Throughout the site there are elements of improvement - shops with urns, arbors, which creates comfort and conditions for full-fledged living for residents of the district.

General Plan TEP:

Total area of the construction site, m2 - 16320

Total building area, m2 - 7320

Total landscaping area, m2 - 3320

Total road area, m2 - 4324

Total area of temporary buildings and structures, m2 - 1245

Volumetric planning solution

The designed building is accepted as grade II, III degree of durability, degree of fire II.

The building is two-story, without a basement. The height of the floor is 3.3 m, the maximum elevation of the parapet is 6.95 m.

Designed one front entrance to the building, with a porch, and five service. Prefabricated walls made of aerated concrete blocks.

The magazine is designed in the frame version, the floor slabs are laid in the longitudinal direction, resting on the girders.

All premises comply with the standards for civil engineering, and their number - the main technological process - trade organization.

The main trading room has an area of ​ ​ 184.75 m2, in addition, working, office and auxiliary premises are designed. These are various storerooms of vegetables, chilled chambers, glass storage rooms, food waste chamber, packaging materials room, packing rooms, cleaning rooms, ventilation chambers, electric panels, toilets and corridors.

On the second floor for employees there are wardrobes, linen, shower, rooms for dressing and eating, as well as the office of the director, accounting, etc.

The spatial rigidity and stability of the building is ensured by the joint work of the frame elements and the floor discs.

The roof in the building is flat, with an organized internal drain.

In general, the voluminous planning decision of the store was made so as to comply with functional, architectural, artistic and economic requirements, standards of light regime and acoustics, air environment and sanitary and medical requirements.

1.4. Constructive solution

The solution of structural elements, assemblies, as well as the entire structural system of the designed building is determined by the purpose of the building, the parameters of the air environment, the volume-planning solution and the general architectural and structural design that meets it.

The store building is designed in a frame version. The load-bearing frame is formed by columns and girders according to the series II042, the building on one side has display glass.

The main building structures are adopted as follows:

- Foundations - glass type, tape assemblies, bottom at elevation - 2.2 m. The depth of foundation laying is accepted below the depth of ground freezing in this area - 2.1 m.

- External walls - from aerated concrete blocks. The thickness of the prefabricated walls is determined by heat engineering calculation and is 500 mm.

- Internal walls and partitions - from aerated concrete blocks. partitions have a thickness of 120 mm.

- Frame - of prefabricated metal columns and reinforced concrete girders .

- Slabs and coverings - prefabricated, reinforced concrete according to series II044 - hollow.

- Stairs - prefabricated reinforced concrete marches and platforms.

- Roof - four-layer of ruberoid with protective gravel coating.

- Floors - ceramic tiles, concrete, linoleum.

- Storefronts - impassable with blind internal glazing opening outward from fiberglass.

- Window - double-glazed windows.

- Doors - glass external and wooden internal, solid and partially filled with glass, both single-floor and double-floor, width from 0.7 m to 1.2 m.

Organization and technology of works

The organization of construction production should ensure the focus of all organizational, technical and technological solutions on the achievement of the final result - the commissioning of the facility with the necessary quality and on time.

Organization of works is a set of measures aimed at streamlining and bringing to the system of installation works at the construction site. These activities should include the development of the work front; selection of sequence of installation of elements to design position; delivery, transportation and supply of mounting elements and structures to the working area.

The longitudinal direction of installation provides for the movement of mounting mechanisms and machines along the spans or in parallel with them. This is due to the convenience of supplying elements for installation and a more rational organization of passes, turns, installation of technological equipment, as well as the flow of work.

For multi-storey industrial buildings with a railway frame, a combined method of erecting structures is more rational. Columns are installed at the beginning, they are adjusted and ground into foundation cups. By the beginning of installation of other structures, concrete in the support joint must gain at least 70% strength. The remaining structures are then installed .

Prefabricated structures shall be installed in accordance with the following requirements:

installation sequence ensuring stability and geometrical stability of the installed part of the structure at all stages of installation and strength of installation connections;

complex installation of structures of each section of the building, which allows performing further work on the mounted section;

safety of installation, civil and special works at the facility taking into account their performance according to the combined schedule.

Erection of building structures is carried out in 3 stages:

all zero cycle work is completed at the facility;

installation of the frame. The installation area within which the crane and structures move is identified in the project. Tool check is carried out in plan of support structures.

installation of enclosing structures .

Installation of columns.

Columns are installed on columnar foundation through anchoring. Strapping of columns is performed by means of frame or friction grip. Wedges or conductors are used to temporarily fix the column on the foundation. They are wooden or metal. Braces, braces and group conductors can also be used.

Installation of girders.

Girders are mounted "on weight" using cranes. Installation is carried out from the warehouse located in the area of the installation crane. Joints are welded after laying of girders, and ground with concrete mixture after laying of slabs. Elements with a length of 7.4 m are stroked with two-branch slings without traverses.

When preparing girders for installation, embedded parts, outlets of reinforcement rods are cleaned and straightened and axial hairlines are applied to their ends, and braces are attached to them. Special layout of girders is not required before installation. Girders are laid on column cantilevers with alignment of axial hairlines and observance of equal clearance between ends of girders and faces of columns. Welding of girders with columns is carried out immediately after their laying. When laying and welding beams and girders, installers and welders use mobile light scaffolds in the form of ladders or towers with stairs .

Installation of slabs and slabs.

The slab elements, which by their sides rest completely on the supporting structures of the backbone of buildings, are laid on a layer of mortar and fixed to each other and elements of the supporting backbone of the building in the manner provided for by the project. Seams between prefabricated flat elements of floors and coatings after their laying and fixation are tightly sealed with concrete or solution mixture. Ceilings and coverings are mounted "on weight" by means of cranes.

No special element layout is required, the elements are stacked in the warehouse. Preparation for installation of plate elements consists in cleaning and straightening of embedded parts. Slinging of slabs and coatings is performed by crossarms behind loops. The plates are laid so that each subsequent plate can be immediately fixed in at least 3 units, welded to the upper belt of the trusses, then the next plate is laid. Seams are sealed with concrete or solution mixture. Junction units of girders to columns are concreted simultaneously .

Conclusion

VKR is performed on the basis of the design assignment and developed in accordance with the current codes, rules and standards. The technical solutions adopted in the project comply with the requirements of environmental, sanitary and hygiene, fire safety regulations in force on the territory of the Russian Federation and ensure safe operation of the facility for life and health of people, subject to the specified measures.

During the development of this project, the automation of complex engineering and economic calculations and engineering graphics was carried out using modern computer technology and new information technologies. The space-planning solution of the building has been adjusted in accordance with the task. In accordance with the design requirements, drawings have been developed in the architectural and construction part. Calculations and design of elements with compliance with regulatory requirements were carried out in detail in the design part. In the section of the organization and technology of construction production, calculations are necessary and a calendar plan with reference to the calendar, construction plan and process charts are developed in detail.

In the general section, the relevance of the topic and the characteristic of the natural and climatic conditions of the site are considered, a brief characteristic of the object is given.

In the architectural and construction section, the solutions of the master plan, architectural planning, volume and structural solutions are justified and proposed, measures to prevent them were carried out and considered. Environmental protection measures are proposed.

The structural diagram of the building is justified in the design and construction section, the beam and foundation for the column were calculated and designed.

In the section of the organization and technology of construction production, the PPR (calendar plan and construction plan) with the necessary justification was developed, the process instructions for the installation of slabs and coatings were developed.

In the section of labor and environmental protection, the analysis of hazardous and harmful factors affecting workers during the construction of the building was carried out.

Thus, the goal of graduation qualification work has been achieved.