Ten-storey residential building in Astana - diploma

1.1.3 Zero cycle foundations and walls

1. Fill the sinuses only with melted soil after installation of its anchoring and masonry of the first floor walls.

2. Open horizontal surfaces of brickwork blocks shall be closed during interruptions of installation works.

3. Clean wall blocks from snow ice before installation.

4. Installation and leveling of mortar in the mounting seams shall be performed not more than five minutes before installation of the units in place. Use of frozen solution as well as water-warmed solution is prohibited. The design recommends the use of solutions of at least 100-75 grade with chemical additives.

5. The wall masonry solution is prepared on Portland cement with the addition of potash.

6. Monolithic concrete of the walls, laid in place, is prepared with the addition of potash.

7. Solutions and concretes with potash addition gain strength at negative temperatures up to minus 30 ° C.

8. Masonry of walls with chemical additives to solutions and concrete should be performed in accordance with CH290-74 "Instructions for the preparation and use of building solutions," "Recommendations for the use in the construction of solutions and concrete with potash additives, in winter conditions without heating," developed by TsNIISMTC Gosstroy.

9. Grade of solution for filling horizontal seams during installation of walls from blocks in winter conditions.

1.1.4 Corrosion protection

Corrosion protection of steel joints, anchors and welded joints shall be performed in accordance with the requirements of SNiP 2.03.11 - 85.

Apply PF - 115 GOST 6405 - 76 enamel to metal articles in addition to beams and skewers in two layers of GF primer - 021 GOST 25129 - 82.

All wooden structures shall be carefully antiseptic and treated with flame retardants in order to protect against rot and ensure the necessary fire resistance.

1.1.5 Monitoring of structures condition, and measures for preparation for spring thawing of solution

To ensure the required load capacity of the structures of the building, both during its erection and during operation, systematic control of the quality of materials and work must be carried out.

Brick strength control shall be carried out independently of these factory passports. Samples of each new batch of bricks entering the construction site shall be tested in accordance with GOST requirements. Passport data and test results should be recorded in a special log.

Installation of rebar grids in masonry, anchors, connections between floor panels shall be activated.

1.2 General Part

The project was developed in accordance with the current regulatory documents taking into account the chapter of SniP 2- L. 1- 95. "Residential buildings. Design Standards. "

When developing the project, the experience of building design, as well as previously developed series, was taken into account.

1.2.1 Technical characteristics

Building of 10 storey office in Astana, second class in terms of durability and second degree of fire resistance.

The project is designed for construction in 2 and 3 climatic areas:

- with the estimated winter temperature of the outside air - 35 degrees;

- with snow cover weight - 170 kgf/m;

- with wind speed pressure - 45 kgf/m;

- with seismicity not more than 6 points;

- with soils within the construction site homogeneous, dry, unpowered and non-sedimentary.

1.2.2 Site Layout

The site for construction is allocated in accordance with the general plan of the settlement, taking into account composite, sanitary and fire protection requirements. The territory of the site is landscaped and landscaped.

1.2.3 Exterior decoration of the building

The outer surfaces of the light concrete blocks are plastered. The visor and entrance elements are covered with cement mortar with a large spray. Basement - plaster with a large spray (the main solution) or facing with ceramic tiles. Metal elements are painted with water-polymer paints, according to the certificate compiled during the project binding.

Metal elements are painted with enamel paints.

Paint the window blocks with enamel paint twice. Paint window bindings in two colors: all elements are gray, pressure specks are white-white. Entrance doors shall have a wood texture allowing for a transparent lacquer finish.

1.3 Design solutions and technical instructions for the project

"10 storey residential building" is designed with longitudinal and pop-river bearing walls with spans e = and e =. The spatial rigidity of the building is ensured by the joint operation of walls and floors, considered as hard, unchanged disks.

Hardness of floor walls is provided by welding of embedded parts of prefabricated elements, arrangement of concrete key joints. Walls and floors are connected by means of anchor links.

1.3.1 Zero cycle

"10 storey residential building" designed technical underground - the main solution.

A. Bases.

The drawings of the foundations given in the design are an example of a solution developed for a base from soil in wetlands with the following characteristics, when groundwater lies below the base of the foundations and for a section with horizontal relief.

Foundations designed pile monolithic.

When determining the width of the foundations, the permissible increase in the design pressure on the base by 1.2 times is taken into account, if the calculated de-formations of the base do not exceed 40% of the maximum permissible values (SniP 2.02.01 83 item 2.47).

When linking foundation drawings to local conditions, it is necessary to check by calculation of base deformation and foundation width according to the data of engineering and geological surveys.

The elevation of the foundations at the sewer discharge points is accepted in the project conditionally at the same level as the foundation floor for the external walls and is corrected during the project binding.

When performing works, comply with the requirements of SniP 3.02.0193.

B. Overlap over the sub-floor.

The floor is made of prefabricated reinforced concrete panels with round voids.

For the installation of insulated floors above the technical floor along the top, floor slabs along the perimeter of the walls, an additional seam of cement - sand mortar or concrete is provided.

B. Partitions.

Partitions are accepted from ordinary clay bricks of the "75" brand on a solution of the "25" brand with a thickness of 120 mm and 65mm (reinforced).

1.3.2 Above Ground Part

A. Walls.

Blocks of external and internal walls are adopted in accordance with the nomenclature of the "catalog of prefabricated concrete blocks" series 1.1132 and 1.1342 for the construction of residential and public buildings in rural areas.

The outer walls are made of large concrete blocks. Blocks are made of light concrete and ordinary brick.

Internal walls of ordinary clay full-white brick.

Install blocks of external and internal walls on plastic cement sand mortar of "50" grade.

Perform masonry of ventilation roots from brick of "75" brand on solution of "25" brand.

B. Overlaps.

Floors are accepted from prefabricated reinforced concrete panels with round voids.

When linking the project to the work and supervising the construction, special attention must be paid to the careful completion of the "100" grade cement mortar seams between the panels and the careful execution of monolithic sections. When selecting panels according to carrying capacity, their joint work among themselves on the load from partitions is taken into account.

Insulation of YRKA type is used as insulation of attic floor.

V. Stairs.

Stairs from prefabricated reinforced concrete platforms and marches with a clean concrete surface.

G. Partitions.

Partitions are adopted as follows:

- according to the element assembly on the wooden frame with the skin of dry gypsum plaster sheets: inter-room ones with a thickness of 78mm, inter-apartment ones - 150mm;

- brick "on a rib" with a thickness of 65mm, in bathrooms, made of brick of brand "75" on a solution of brand "25" with reinforcement.

Partitions are fixed to walls and floors by means of anchors. To ensure the required sound insulation, special attention should be paid to careful sealing of the seams and gaps in the partitions.

D. Coating.

Office coverage is accepted as rolling. The roof is metal tile. Waterproofing, grating, rafters, posts, roof frame, YRKA insulation 200 mm thick, PVC steam insulation (celofan). Cement - sand bracing, leveling layer with a thickness of 3040mm.

1.3.3 Protection of the structure against corrosion, rotting and fire

All metal parts and welded joints shall be protected with anti-corrosion coatings. The composition and methods of application of anticorrosive coatings should be assigned in accordance with the requirements of SNiP 3 - 23 - 93.

Anchors of floor slabs are protected by cement mortar according to SNiP 2.03.11 - 85.

All wooden elements touching the elements of the walls with iron-concrete products are laid on a layer of toll and carefully antiseptic with aqueous solutions of sodium fluoride and silicon fluoride according to SNiP 3 - 19 - 92. All wooden elements, rafters are protected against fire by deep impregnation with flame retardants with salt absorption of at least 75 kg/m3.

1.3.4 Safety precautions during works performance.

When performing work, it is mandatory to comply with the requirements of the relevant sections of chapter SNiP 3 - 4 - 80 "Safety in construction."

1.4 Guidelines for linking the project to local conditions

Binding of the project to the construction site must be carried out in accordance with the current regulatory documents for construction.

During project binding foundation drawings shall be processed taking into account local engineering-geological and hydrogeological conditions, design characteristics of soil, freezing depth, etc.

1.5 Winterization Instructions

The project is designed for work in summer conditions. These guidelines contain recommendations for the organization's binding projects on general activities, during the construction of a building in winter conditions.

During winter operations the requirements of SNiP sections 3.02.01 shall be met. – 83.

Erection of cast-in-situ concrete and reinforced concrete structures and separate sections shall be performed by methods ensuring that concrete acquires the necessary strength before freezing. The method of artificial heating is determined by the construction organization carrying out the construction. Solutions and concretes used to fill joints and seams shall be prepared on Portland cement grade not lower than "400." The temperature of its laying solution must be set depending on the temperature of the outside air.

The winterization grade shall be increased in accordance with SNiP 31778.

Use of frozen and hot water warmed solution is prohibited. It is recommended to use solutions with chemical additives.

Foundations shall not be erected on a frozen base. Foundation soils shall be protected from freezing, both during the period of works and after their completion. Fill the sinuses with melted soil only after preparation for the floor of the technical floor, laying the floor above the technical floor and performing coating waterproofing.

Slab panels shall be installed immediately after erection of walls with installation of all anchors and links provided by the project.

Floor panels are laid on plastic cement mortar of "100" grade with additives ensuring the solution acquires at least 25% strength before its freezing.

Wall units shall be installed only after installation and anchoring. During installation, measures must be taken to prevent the formation of ice on the faces of wall blocks, floor panels and in skirmishes.

Working drawings intended for winterization shall have instructions to the project organization that has carried out the project binding on the design inspection and the possibility of their use in winterization.

Results of works performance in winter period are recorded in the log, where data on control of solution hardening, measures to ensure strength and stability of structures and other are indicated.