Steering gear of a SUV-class car

Steering - one of the main systems of the car which represents set of the knots and mechanisms intended for synchronization of provision of a steering wheel and an angle of rotation of operated. The main purpose of steering for any vehicles is to ensure rotation and maintain the driver's direction of movement. Steering of modern cars with turning wheels includes the following elements: - steering wheel with steering shaft (steering column); - steering mechanism; - steering drive (may contain amplifier and (or) shock absorbers). The steering wheel is located in the driver's cab and is located at an angle to the vertical that provides the most convenient coverage of his rim by the driver's hands. The larger the diameter of the steering wheel, the lower the force on the rim of the steering wheel, all other things being equal, but the ability to quickly turn the steering wheel during sharp maneuvers decreases. The diameter of the steering wheel of modern cars lies in the range of 380-425 mm, heavy trucks and buses - 440-550 mm, the smallest diameters have the steering wheels of sports cars. The steering mechanism is a mechanical reduction gear, its main task is to increase the driver's force applied to the steering wheel, which is necessary to turn the steering wheels. Steering controls without steering mechanisms, when the driver directly turns the steered wheel, have been preserved only on very light vehicles, for example on motorcycles. The steering mechanism has a sufficiently high gear ratio, so to turn the steering wheels by a maximum angle of 30-45 ° it is necessary to make several turns of the steering wheel. The steering gear is subject to the following requirements: - optimal gear ratio, which determines the ratio between the required steering wheel angle and the force on it; - slight energy loss during operation (high efficiency); - the ability to spontaneously return the steering wheel to a neutral position after the driver has ceased to hold the steering wheel in a rotated position; - slight gaps in the movable joints to provide small play or free travel of the steering wheel; - high reliability. In this course design, the steering mechanism of the front-wheel drive car Zotye T600 will be considered .