Steam Boiler Room Thermal Diagram

Contents

Contents:

Introduction

Main part

Boiler Plant Thermal Diagram and Calculation

Construction of temperature schedule of central quality control

Design modes of boiler plant thermal diagram

Calculation of boiler plant thermal diagram

Hydraulic calculation of pipelines

Hydraulic calculation of water pipelines

Hydraulic calculation of steam pipelines

Hydraulic calculation of condensate lines

Equipment selection

Boiler selection

Steam boiler selection

Selection of hot water boiler

Selection of burner device

Selection of deaerator

Selection of equipment for water treatment system

Selection of reducing valve

Adjustment valve selection

Selection of three-way crane

Steam counter selection

Water meter selection

Selection of membrane expansion tank

Selection of condensate collection tank volume

Selection of pumps

Selection of feed pump

Condensate pump selection

Selection of mains pump for heating system

Network Pump Selection for Technology

Selection of pump for hot water supply system

Selection of makeup pump

Selection of recirculation pump

Aerodynamic calculation of boiler plant

Calculation of air volumes and combustion products

Aerodynamic calculation of boiler plant

Boiler plant gas supply

Calculation of gas mixture parameters

Determination of gas hourly flow rates

Hydraulic calculation of gas pipeline

Equipment selection

Selection of main GRU equipment

Selection of gas flow metering device

Conclusions:

List of literature

Introduction

The reconstructed boiler house is located in the city of Abakan

Due to the fact that the existing boiler room equipment has developed its resource, the project provides for the replacement of equipment. The boiler house provides for the installation of steam boilers with a steam capacity of 3 t/h each of FR 25312 grade, two water heating boilers with a thermal capacity of 1.0 MW each of Thermotechnik TT100 grade and one water heating boiler with a thermal capacity of 0.5 MW grade ZOSAB500, operating on medium pressure gas (0.3 MPa). For the treatment of the source water, the project provides a continuous automatic plant TS 9521M.

Flue gas removal is carried out through the existing chimney Dn 1000 mm, H = 30 m. Boiler gas supply is provided from the previously designed gas pipeline Dn 100 mm, Rn = 0.6 MPa. Boiler house water supply is provided from the previously designed Du125 mm water pipeline.

Climatic characteristics of the construction area:

The temperature of the coldest five-day period is -350C;

the average temperature of the coldest month is -14.9 ° С;

average temperature of the heating period - -6.6 ° С;

temperature of the heating graph breaking point - -13.8 ° С;

the average daily outside air temperature of the end of the heating period is + 8 ° C;

the heating period is 231 days.

General characteristics of consumers and energy carriers:

design of heat networks: 4-tube, open, water;

relief: flat.

Boiler house loads:

heat consumption for heating and ventilation -6.0 and 4.0 MW;

heat consumption of hot water supply - 0.32 MW;

Coolant parameters:

for consumers -15070° С;

Network Losses and Heads Available:

utility consumers -15 m;

technology - 10 m;

hot water supply system - 24 m;

pressure in the water pipeline at the inlet to the boiler room - 21 m.

Source water parameters:

reservoir - river. Kama;

water quality requirements: font transparency not less than 30 cm; total stiffness 40 μg/kg; dissolved oxygen content 50 μg/kg; pH at 25 ° C 8.5... 10.5.

Main part

1.1. Thermal diagram of the boiler plant and its calculation.

The schematic thermal diagram characterizes the essence of the main technological process of energy conversion and use of working medium heat in the installation. It is a schematic graphical representation of the main and auxiliary equipment combined by the piping lines of the working medium according to the sequence of its movement in the unit.

The main purpose of the boiler room thermal diagram calculation is:

- determination of total heat loads consisting of external loads and heat consumption for own needs, and distribution of these loads between the heating and steam parts of the boiler house to justify the selection of the main equipment;

- determination of all heat and mass flows required for selection of auxiliary equipment and determination of diameters of pipelines and valves;

- determination of initial data for further technical and economic calculations (annual heat production, annual fuel consumption, etc.).

The calculation of the thermal scheme allows you to determine the total heating capacity of the boiler plant at several modes of its operation.

The boiler room thermal diagram is given in Fig.1.2..

The initial data for calculation of the boiler room thermal diagram are given in Table 1.4., And the calculation of the thermal diagram itself is given in Table 1.5..

Conclusions:

The selection of the heat supply system shall be based on accurate calculations and rechecked. Using only standard technology and the cheapest equipment, it is impossible to achieve any significant success in saving primary energy. Over the years, the consumer has spent enormous costs without doing anything to preserve the environment.

Based on the following list of questions, the designer or investor can choose or optimize the possibilities available today for creating an economical installation.

1. Saving Primary Energy - How to Recognize an Optimized System?

1.1. Fuel economy

Low temperature boiler

Residual O2 control

Condensate technology or economizer, gdeeto possible

Modulated mode

Optimized burner setup with test report

Regular maintenance

1.2. Energy Savings

- Motor with speed control

- Control of pump rpm for back water mixing on the boiler

- Modulated mode

2. Improving efficiency is the most appropriate prerequisite.

2.1. Continuous continuous operation of the burner

Due to the high adjustment ratio

Due to modulation

2.2. Reduction of burner pre-purges

Reduction of burner starts

Optimized sequential activation of several boilers

2.3. Agreed regulation of burner operation

- Optimized PID algorithm

2.4. Optimization of thermal efficiency

- Burner adjustment by highly qualified specialist

3. Environmental protection - how to achieve the best results?

3.1. Combustion of low NOx fuel

Flue gas recirculation to achieve low or very low NOx values

3-way boiler of low-NOx type

- Heat load of the combustion chamber up to 1 MW/m3

3.2. Low noise during operation

Motor RPM Control

Noise absorbing casing

Damping of noise from exhaust gases with the help of noise reduction inserts or dampers.

With the help of the above list, it is possible to design and manufacture installations that are significantly higher than traditional systems. Using this concept, it is possible to achieve significant savings not only in new plants, but especially in reconstructed or rehabilitated plants. At the same time, fuel savings can reach more than 20%, and electricity savings - 60%.

Using this concept, it is possible to achieve great savings in electricity and costs and at the same time make a significant contribution to the protection of the environment.

List of literature:

SNiP II3576 with rev. 1 "Boiler units";

SNiP 42012002 "Gas distribution systems";

SNiP 3.05.0785 "Process equipment and process pipelines";

SNiP 3.05.0785 "Automation Systems";

SNiP 230199 "Construction climatology";

PB 1057403 "Rules for Blade-Free Operation of Steam and Heating Boilers";

PB 1057303 "Rules for Blade-Free Operation of Steam and Hot Water Pipelines";

PB 1058503 "Rules for the arrangement of blade-free operation of process pipelines";

PB 1252903 "Safety rules for gas distribution and gas consumption systems";

SP 411042000 "Design of independent heat supply sources";

SP 42102003 "General Provisions for the Design and Construction of Gas Distribution Systems from Metal and Polyethylene Systems";

SP 421022004 "Design and construction of gas pipelines from metal pipes";

RD 24.031.12191 "Methodological Guidelines. Equipping steam stationary boilers with steam and water sampling devices ";

RD 15334.1-003-01 Welding, Heat Treatment and Inspection of Boiler and Piping Pipe Systems during Installation and Repair of Power Equipment;

GOST 21.60695 "Rules for Execution of Working Documentation of Heat Engineering Solutions of Boiler Houses."

Rodatis K.F., Poltaretsky A.N. Handbook on boiler plants of low productivity/Ed. K.F. Roddatis. -M.: Energoatomizdat, 1989. - 488 p.: il.

Buznikov E.V. and others. Production and heating boiler houses/E.F. Buznikov, K.F. Roddatis, E.J. Berzins. - 2nd ed., Redesign. - M.: Energoatomizdat, 1984. - from. 248, il.

Esterkin R.I. Boiler units. Course and degree design: Educational method. For technical schools. - L.: Energoatomizdat. Leningr. department, 1989. - 280 s., Il.

Gusev L.Yu. Basic design of boiler plants. (Tutorial). 2-ed. M., Stroyizdat, 1973. 248 pages.