Sanitary equipment of a 9-storey hotel in Volgograd

Contents

Introduction

1. Object characteristic

2. Calculation of internal water supply

2.1 Hydraulic calculation of internal water supply

2.2 Selection of water meter

2.3 Determination of required head at input

2.4 Internal Water Supply Design

3. Internal sewage system design

3.1 Internal sewage systems and diagrams

3.2 Hydraulic calculation of internal sewage system

3.3 Design of yard sewage system

3.4 Calculation of drains

3.5 Design of internal drains

3.6 Waste Removal Design

4. Internal hot water supply system

4.1 General characteristics of the network

4.2 Determination of hot water flow rates

4.3 Determination of heat consumption for hot water supply

4.4 Calculation of water heater

4.5 System calculation in water intake mode

4.6 Calculation of the system in circulation mode

4.7 Determination of operating and gravitational head in the system

List of literature

Introduction

The purpose of this course project is to design the internal water supply, sewerage, drainage, hot water supply of the Volgograd Hotel. The internal water supply system is economically drinking. When choosing an internal water supply scheme, the main conditions are the use of the most economical structures and network elements, as well as the ability to reduce the construction and installation of internal networks from finished nodes. In this course project, a network with upper wiring has been designed. The internal water supply system in accordance with SNiP 2.04.0185 includes: inlet, water metering unit, main pipelines, risers, pipelines to san. instruments, water separation, shut-off, control valves.

Supply to sanitary and technical devices is laid, opened at a height of 0.2 m from the floor and connected with water intake valves by vertical pipelines.

Shut-off valves are provided on the water supply network for water flow control. Gate valves are installed at the inlet, after the water meter. The valves are placed on branches from the main line to each riser, at the entrance to each apartment and in front of the drain barrel.

The internal sewage system is arranged to drain effluents from the building to the external sewage network.

Hot water supply provides for uninterrupted supply of hot water to consumers with a temperature of 5060С.

The hot water supply circuit consists of a device for water heating, a distribution and circulation network, and valves. Apartment wiring runs in parallel. To reduce corrosion, hot water supply networks are installed from steel galvanized pipes as per GOST 320275 *.

As water intake valves, the following are used: mixers, shutoff valves - brass valves.

1. Object characteristic

The designed object is a 9-story hotel in Volgograd. The maximum depth of ground freezing is 1.0 m. The average occupancy of the hotel rooms is 3.3 people/km.

Water consumption rate on the average day is 120 l/hr/sec. Floor height 3.0 m. Basement height - from floor to floor of the first floor 0.8 m. Zero elevation is the floor elevation of the first floor 38.0 m.

Rooms are equipped with toilets with flush tank, shower, sinks.

2.4 Internal Water Supply Design

Internal water supply networks are laid in rooms where the air temperature in winter is higher than 2 0С. Nets are mounted from plastic pipes. To ensure normal operation, shut-off valves are installed on the internal water supply. In buildings on internal networks, irrigation cranes are mounted at the rate of one crane per 60... 70 m of the perimeter of the building.

Main pipelines in buildings are laid on walls. It is allowed to lay pipes in common channels with other pipelines, with the exception of pipelines, sewers, drains. Cold water pipelines are arranged below hot water pipelines. Main pipelines are laid with slope. The slope is necessary for air discharge when filling the pipes with water and its lowering when emptying the lines.

Risers are laid open together with sewage risers. The distance between them, as well as from the riser to the wall, is taken depending on their diameter in accordance with the mounting position. When the risers are located in the furrows, hatches are left in the places where the reinforcement and slopes are installed. Risers are fixed with hooks or clamps at half the height of the floor.

Subducts are laid with a slope of 0,002... 0,005 towards the riser for better emptying of the system during repair. Subducts are fastened with hooks at water separation points; with a lead length of 1.5... 2, 5 m, the hooks are placed in the middle, and with a long length - at a distance of 2, 5 m from each other. Pipe fittings shall be installed in places permitted for operation, inspection and repair.

3. Internal sewage system design

3.1 Internal sewage systems and diagrams

The following sewage systems shall be designed in residential buildings:

1) domestic - for waste water removal from sanitary and technical devices.

2) internal drains - to divert rain and meltwater from the roof of the building.

Domestic system of internal sewerage of buildings consists of the following elements:

1) waste water receivers,

2) internal sewerage networks,

3) yard sewage network.

In residential buildings, sewage receivers are sanitary devices: washes, sinks, washbasins, baths, toilets.

Internal sewerage networks include: branches, sewage risers, sewage collectors, sewage outlets, exhaust pipes, inspections and cleaning.

Drain pipes are used for removal of domestic waste water from sewage receivers to sewage risers.

Sewage risers are designed to transport waste water to the lower part of the building to headers and outlets.

Revisions and cleaning - shaped parts, installed on vertical and horizontal sections of the sewerage network and designed to ensure its reliable and uninterrupted operation.

On the risers, the revision is installed at a height of 1 m. from floor level, across the floor. For ventilation of sewage network exhaust part of sewage risers is withdrawn at 0.3 m above level of flat non-operated roof.

To inspect the cleaning of the yard sewage network, inspection wells made of prefabricated reinforced concrete elements are installed on it.

The lowest depth of the outlet at the building is 0.7 m to the top of the pipe, counting from the planning elevations. The sewer network is laid parallel to the buildings, the minimum distance from the external wall of the building to the axis of the route should be 3 m.

The sewage system is designed in accordance with SniP2.04.0185. The building accepts household sewage for the removal of contaminated water from washes, washbasins, toilets located in rooms.

The sewerage system consists of courtyard and internal networks, sanitary devices and hydraulic locks. The yard network is made of plastic pipes and is connected to the outer pipe in the structure.

The internal network is designed from plastic pipes. The building has 6 risers. We accept the diameter of the riser 110 mm. We accept branch lines from sanitary devices with a diameter of 50 mm, i = 0.03; shall be laid over the floor. Outlet diameter is 150 mm, i = 0.02.

On risers at a distance of 1 meter from the floor, revisions are installed through three floors and cleaners are installed on each floor.

The exhaust part of the riser is brought out, its diameter is equal to the diameter of the riser. All sanitary devices are equipped with hydraulic locks.

3.5 Design of internal drains

Internal drains are designed to divert rainwater from the roofs of buildings.

The system of internal gutters consists of the following elements: gutters, branch pipes, gutters, outlets. Water from the systems of internal drains is drained to the surface of the earth. Gutters are located in the lowered parts of the roof at a distance of no more than 48 m from each other. In residential and public buildings it is allowed to arrange one funnel for each section. Water intake funnels are installed with a waterproof connection device so that moisture does not penetrate the floor. The funnel is domed and made of cast iron. The branch pipe is attached to the floor. The revision is located at a small height from the floor. Risers are located in staircases near walls that are not adjacent to living rooms.

Rains are the most abundant precipitation, so internal drains should ensure the removal of maximum rainwater consumption.

3.6 Waste Removal Design

The centralized garbage collection and removal system used in the designed residential building is dry (cold).

The main elements of dry garbage wires are: a vertical rope (trunk) with a diameter of 400500 mm, passing through all floors of the building, receiving (loaded) valves installed on each floor, a lower garbage collection chamber in which dumped garbage is collected, an upper chamber or head equipped with devices for ventilation and cleaning of the garbage pipe.

The vertical channel is intended for receiving and transporting (channeling) discards to the lower receiving chamber, in which waste collection tanks are located - a garbage collection bin installed at an angle to the barrel in order to extinguish the energy of falling garbage, and a receiving garbage collection container.

In the lower part of the barrel, a gate device is mounted for disconnecting the barrel or hopper when changing garbage collectors. The capacity of the hopper is determined depending on the number of people who use the garbage wire. The waste line is placed in the entrances of staircases in each section of the building.

During the construction of garbage conductors, special attention is paid to the arrangement of joints without ledges, strands, slots. Joints shall be sealed, smooth and gas-tight.

The intake loading valve is designed to receive discards and discharge them into the vertical channel. The valve design shall provide reliable gas and dustproof and prevent discharge of large-scale discharges, which can cause clogging of the garbage line; intake valve dimensions 0.250.3 m.

The cover of the hopper - intake valve has a rubber gasket that provides sealing of the valve. The cover fits tightly to the shell and is inclined so that the mass of the valve does not allow its self-closing. Valves are installed at height not more than 0.81 m from floor.

Intake loading valves are installed on each floor of the main or intermediate platforms of staircases.

The lower garbage collection chamber is placed under each barrel on the first floor with an independent exit to the outside. The dimensions of the chamber shall meet the requirements of ease of operation and fire safety.

According to the rules of operation, the garbage pipeline is subjected to preventive inspection at least twice a month. All elements of the device check the closing density of the receiving valves, the state of rubber sealing gaskets, the functioning of exhaust ventilation, the presence of insects, and the operation of lifting mechanisms.

4. Internal hot water supply system

4.1 General characteristics of the network

The internal hot water supply system provides uninterrupted supply to consumers of water with a temperature of 5070С.

We accept a centralized hot water supply system, which provides for the preparation of hot water for a group of several buildings, in the central heat station (CTP).

System for hot water supply consists of device for water heating, distribution and circulation network and valves.

High-speed water heater installed in CTP is used as device for water heating.

To reduce corrosion, the hot water supply network is installed from steel galvanized pipes as per GOST 326275. Pipes are threaded or welded in a carbon dioxide environment. Natural pipe rotations are used to compensate for thermal elongations. 2

To reduce heat loss, pipelines, with the exception of wiring and towel dryers, are coated with heat insulation.

Mixers are used as water separation valves, brass screws installed in the base of risers are used as shutoff valves. Gate valves are installed on the lines.

Air from the system is discharged from its upper points through automatic air vents.

Check valves are installed on the supply pipelines to the group mixers, on the circulation pipeline before the water heater, on the branches from the return pipeline of the heat network.

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