Public Center in Tambov - Architecture

Contents

Introduction

1 Master Plan

1.1 Justification of location in the area of the designed building

1.2 Entrances and approaches to the building

1.3 Landscaping and improvement of the site

2 Space planning solution

2.1 Purpose of building, peculiarities of functional-technological process, main groups of rooms (zones)

2.2 Functional table and diagram, type of space-planning solution

2.3 Main room normal

2.4 Volume and planning parameters

3 Design solution

3.1 Structural diagram of the building

3.2 Description of main bearing structures (view, material, manufacturing method)

3.2.1 Foundations

3.2.2 Walls

3.2.3 Overlaps

3.2.4 Columns

3.2.5 Roof

3.2.6 Windows, doors, floors, partitions, roof

3.2.7 Heat Engineering Calculation of Wall, Window and Floor

4 Architectural and compositional solution

4.1 Techniques and means of architectural composition and artistic expressiveness of the building

4.2 Construction finishing materials

5 Building engineering equipment

5.1 Heating

5.2 Water supply

5.3 Drainage

5.4 Ventilation

Conclusion

Appendix A Example of a recreation centre

Appendix B Roofing Unit Example

Appendix B Bibliographic list

Introduction

The continuous growth of material well-being and the cultural level of people causes the widespread development of leisure and leisure institutions in our country.

The leisure centre is aimed mainly at segments of the population with different incomes (students, athletes, small entrepreneurs), in contrast to the usual entertainment centers in large cities, which are mainly aimed at high-income people.

When designing this building, the layout of the existing district in the city of Tambov of the House of Culture was taken as the basis to identify the most successful layout of the building based on its relationship with the centers of this purpose.

The task of designing this type of buildings for our country - the combination in one building of a youth theater club and fans of cinema, as well as a sports club, is due to the need to adapt young people to active everyday communication with their peers, the organization of recreation of various population groups.

Therefore, in this course project, rational placement of premises for various purposes located on the same territory of the center was designed.

General data on the construction site: The building is designed in the climatic area IB, according to [1, figure 1], in the city of Tambov .

All detail drawings were completed in AutoCAD 2007. All thermal calculations were made in accordance with the following conditions:

a heating period of 261 days from [1, Table 1];

ground freezing depth 1.80 m of [2];

design temperature of internal air 20 С from [3];

air temperature of the coldest five days 39 ° C of [1, Table 1];

design humidity in internal rooms is 45% of [3].

Building classification, [4]:

Low-rise civil building with walls made of small-sized elements (brick). According to the construction system - a hand masonry building. Durability more than 100 years. The degree of fire resistance is IIa degree.

Club type - Public, II type;

Scene type - Stationary, scene at the end of the hall (dance floors).

According to the space-planning structure of the building - separate.

The building is equipped with the following sanitary and technical systems: central heating, supply ventilation, cold and hot water supply, sewage, electricity supply.

1 Master Plan

1.1 Justification of location in the area of the designed building

The plot plan of the building section is drawn up in accordance with the current norms and rules for the design of public buildings. This building is located in the center of Tambov.

1.2 Entrances and approaches to the building

The designed building is located in the immediate vicinity of the communication routes, with the aim of unhindered access by citizens.

There are two entrances to the building: they both have entrances to the parking lot.

The land plot consists of a zone for visitors and an economic zone isolated from the visitor zone by a passage for freight transport.

For convenience, the building has a main entrance and an entrance only for employees (which is also a spare exit).

1.3 Landscaping and improvement of the site

Landscaping is provided on the adjacent land plot of the building, free of building and asphalting. Minimum landscaping area is designed at least 50% of the total land area [4]. For landscaping, deciduous trees are used, as well as ordinary planting of shrubs, planting lawn grass; flower beds are provided. Around the building, along its perimeter, there is a pavement that fits tightly to the base of the building and has a slope of i = 0.03 (or 3%). The stages of the external stairs are designed from concrete of grade M300 and frost resistance 150, and have a slope of at least 1% towards the overlying stage, as well as along the stage. The ramp has a slope of 1:10.

In the adjacent territory, a parking lot for 36 cars has been designed, including individual parking lots for the disabled [4], small architectural forms: benches, urns.

Plot plan TEP.

1. The total area of ​ ​ the land plot is Stol = 8010.0 m2.

2. Building area - Szaster = 4192.50 m2.

3. Area of roads and paved sites - Sdor = 2277.0 m2.

4. Landscaping area - Sozel = 3817.50 m2.

5. Building density - K1 = (Sastre/Scotl) × 100% = (4192.50/8010.0) × 100% = 52%.

6. Greening coefficient - K2 = Sosel/Sotl = 3817.50/8010.0 = 0.48.

Space Planning Solution

The designed building has the following dimensions in the axes: 110-54 m.; Ai- 27 m;

number of floors: 2;

accepted floor height: 3.00 m [3.4];

total height: 10.22 meters from ground level.

1.5 Functional table and diagram, type of space-planning solution

The building premises are planned taking into account the necessary interconnection of the premises, their areas, the design assignment, as well as the following requirements [3]:

• Number of main floors -2.

• The pre-preparation, washing, distribution shop shall be located taking into account the shortest and convenient connections between each other.

• Entrances to latrines and washrooms shall not be placed from staircases.

• The location of sanitary units is preferable to be located not near the external walls;

• Soundproofing and natural lighting shall be complied with.

• Evacuation issues must be resolved.

• The building shall have at least two floors, minimum number of corners.

• Number of stairs closed -2.

As a result of the analysis of the functional table, four options for mutual placement of the main functional zones were developed, [4]:

a) Sequentially

b) Parallel

c) A ring around the lobby (trading room)

d) Combined scheme. This circuit satisfies all parameters. We choose her.

Space-planning solution of the building:

Based on the analysis of the functional table and diagram and the final selection of the layout of the mutual arrangement of the main functional zones, the floor diagram of the building was chosen, i.e. the transition to one room through another.

According to [5] the minimum width of the door openings of the dance floor is 1.2 m, the number of evacuation exits is 2.

According to [5], the smallest width of the marches is 1.05, the largest permissible slope of the marches 1: 1.5, the height of the fencing of the stair marches is at least 0.9 m (vertically).

1.6 Volume and planning parameters, [6

Volume and planning parameters of the building:

• Number of floors 2, basement, technical floor;

• Floor height 3.3m;

• Basement height 2.6m;

• Technical floor height is 1.8m;

• Total building area 3392.25m2;

• Building volume 24298,12m3;

• Building area of the facility 1915.50m2.

2 Design solution

2.1 Structural diagram of the building

The structural diagram of the building is determined taking into account the functional and technological processes occurring inside the building.

The spatial rigidity of the building is ensured by the joint operation of load-bearing longitudinal and transverse walls, brick pillars, as well as rigid slab and covering disks.

4 Architectural and compositional solution

4.1 Techniques and means of architectural composition and artistic expressiveness of the building

Public buildings and structures occupy a dominant position in development, affect aesthetic education and the formation of artistic taste.

Modern buildings should not only bear the features of modern architecture and express modern progressive methods of construction, but also be well combined with architectural monuments and surrounding buildings, with the landscape and with the national features and traditions of the people [12].

This project uses the traditional method of creating an architectural composition when all spaces are in the same building. The appearance of the building is decided in the Art Nouveau style. The appearance of the composition of external forms is frontal. The interior of the building is a building of rooms, which is based on the unity of functional expediency of each room and their functional connection to each other, based on a deep-space composition, an anfile system. Such a composition is used in the organization of open spaces and interior space of interiors that have a longitudinally axial structure, which is excellent for a recreation center.

The unity of the architectural work is achieved by a number of compositional and artistic means. The means of creating unity are used - giving the volume of the building a difficult geometric shape and matching the secondary parts of the building to the composite center. On the main facade of the building, everything is subordinate to the center - the main entrance to the club, which is not insignificant for this type of civilian buildings (compositional means - the orientation (or orientation) of parts of the architectural structure towards the compositional center). Compositional means are also tectonics (artistically identified structural structure of the building).

Means of harmonization: An important means of bringing elements of architectural forms to unity - rhythm (proportionality, slender), with the help of which the necessary proportionality and expressiveness of the work of architecture is achieved. The rhythm is created by uniform repetition of shapes and intervals (window arrangement). The most important composite means is proportions: the ratio of architectural forms in height, width and length. Proportions determine the proportionality and harmoniousness of elements of architectural forms. Scale - proportionality of the form and its elements in relation to a person. This project is a recreation center, which requires the creation of an interesting and unusual structure where a person wants to go. Symmetry applied to the center of the building.

The color neutralizes and highlights the elevation elements. The building is similar to a small fortress, which arouses interest among visitors .

4.2 Construction finishing materials, [7]

The main internal finishing materials of the main premises of the building, intended for sports, recreation, entertainment are: finishing the walls with liquid wallpaper, arrangement of suspended ceilings, flooring.

Outside, the facade is painted in contrasting colors. The color solution of the elevations is selected from several options. The best version is adopted, in which the main color is yellow in combination with burgundy, which contrasts with the similar color of the basement facing tiles and the light gray color of the canopy.

5 Building engineering equipment

5.1 Heating

Heating of the building is projected water with parameters of heat carrier 9570 wasps with artificial circulation. Main pipelines pass in the basement of the building. From them, risers lead to sanitary units and other consumers. Horizontal single-tube heating system with closing sections. The source of heat supply is the Tambov CHP.

5.2 Water supply

The potable water supply system is combined with the fire protection system, [14]. Supplies water for drinking, cooking, sanitary and hygienic procedures. It also serves to localize the fire, prevent its spread in the building.

5.3 Drainage

Internal sewerage system - combined - for domestic and industrial wastewater disposal in; internal drains - to divert rain and meltwater from the roof of the building.

Consists of sewage receptacles, hydraulic closures, internal sewer network (exhaust, riser, drain)

Drainage to the central city sewerage network.

5.4 Ventilation

Ventilation of rooms ensures air cleanliness and required parameters of air medium and microclimate in terms of temperature and humidity by removing excess moisture and heat from the rooms. The building provides for natural organized ventilation, carried out by supplying and removing air through special ventilation channels, or by opening windows and windows.

Conclusion

Buildings of this type are designed and built not so long ago, but nowadays the theme of recreation centers is relevant for civil engineers. This is due to the expansion of the service sector in the middle cities of our country, the growth of infrastructure, the development of trade relations and the desire of people to stand out from the usual range, to apply increasingly interesting and complex architectural forms.

Low-rise buildings, as designed, betray comfort and harmony in the environment.

The work done showed that in the city of Tambov such buildings can and should be built!

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