Power supply of ethone plant with development of lighting scheme

Contents

Introduction

1 Initial data

2 Voltage and current selection

3 Selection of power supply circuit

4 Selection of electrical receivers and protective equipment

5 Calculation of electric lighting

6 Calculation of electrical loads

7 Selection of shop transformer substation

8 Reactive power compensation

9 Selection of network security devices 0.4kV

10 Calculation of workshop power network

11 Calculation of short-circuit currents

12 Annual electricity consumption

13 Economic part

14 Occupational safety

15 Energy Conservation Activities

16 Protection of the environment

Literature

Introduction

To date, energy remains the main component of human life. It makes it possible to create various materials, is one of the main factors in the development of new technologies. Simply put, without the development of various types of energy, a person is not able to fully exist.

The most important feature of hydropower resources compared to fuel and energy resources is their continuous renewability. The absence of fuel requirements for hydroelectric power plants determines the low cost of electricity generated at hydroelectric power plants. Therefore, the construction of hydroelectric power stations, despite significant, specific investments of 1 kW of installed capacity and long construction times, was attached and attached great importance, especially when this is associated with the placement of electric-intensive industries. Thus, various primary energy sources require the creation of economical and reliably operating power plants with different operating principles, design and technical characteristics.

Recently, interest in the problem of using solar energy has increased sharply, because the potential of energy based on the use of direct solar radiation is extremely large.

Solar power is one of the most material-intensive types of energy production. The large-scale use of solar energy entails a huge increase in the need for materials, and therefore in the labor resources for the extraction of raw materials, their enrichment, the production of materials, the manufacture of heliostats, collectors, other equipment, their transportation.

So far, the electrical energy generated by solar rays is much more expensive than that produced by conventional methods. Scientists hope that the experiments they will conduct at experimental plants and stations will help solve not only technical, but also economic problems.

Wind energy reserves are more than a hundred times the hydropower reserves of all rivers on the planet. Winds are blowing on the ground all the time. Climatic conditions allow you to develop wind power in a huge area.

But nowadays, engines using wind cover only one thousandth of the world's energy needs. Therefore, specialist aircraft builders are involved in the creation of wind wheel-heart structures of any wind power plant, who can choose the most expedient blade profile and investigate it in a wind tunnel. The efforts of scientists and engineers have created a wide variety of designs of modern wind plants. [1]

The purpose of this diploma project is: to design the power supply for honey of section No. 1 of the Polyester ODO enterprise

Voltage and

Current Selection

The choice of one or another standard voltage determines the construction of the entire SES of an industrial enterprise. For in-house electrical networks, the voltage of 380/220 V is most common, the main advantage of which is the ability to jointly supply power and lighting EPs. The largest unit power of three-phase EP, powered by a 380/220 V system, as a rule, should not exceed 200-250 kW, which allow the use of switching equipment for a current of 630 A.

Over the past decade, consumer loads have increased significantly, so an increased voltage of 660 V. This is due to the fact that a voltage of 10 kV instead of a voltage of 6 kV began to be introduced everywhere.

The ground equipment repair shop uses a voltage of 380/220 V, AC with a frequency of 50 Hz. It is advisable to use a voltage of 380/220 V to supply electric receivers of low and medium power (0.2200 kW), and in the case of a four-wire power system of 220/380 V - for electric lighting. The specific cost of the engines is 380 V by 3050% lower, and the efficiency is 0.52% higher, compared to the ED for 6 kV voltage. The cost of control equipment, spare parts during installation and operation for electric motors is 380 V lower than for electric motors by 6 kV. The power supply system of 380/220 V networks is more reliable than the system of high-voltage networks.

The widespread use of AC in the art is due to the fact that it can be transformed. With the help of special devices - transformers, the voltage in the AC circuit can be increased and reduced. Thus, thanks to transformers, it is possible to transfer electric energy with low losses with a weak high-voltage current, and consume it at ordinary voltages that do not require special isolation conditions and are not dangerous to life. This is one of the main reasons for the widespread development of alternating current electrical engineering.

We use alternating current with 380/220 V mains voltage.

Selection of power supply scheme

Networks with a voltage of up to 1 kV are used to distribute electricity inside the workshops of industrial enterprises, as well as to supply some electrical power plants located outside the workshop on the territory of the enterprise. Shop electric networks with a voltage of up to 1 kV are an integral part of the SES of the industrial enterprise and provide direct power to most EP. The scheme of the in-house network is determined by the production process, the layout of the workshop premises, the mutual location of the TP, EP and power inputs, the estimated capacity, the requirements for uninterrupted power supply, technical and economic considerations, and environmental conditions.

Main circuits are used for power and lighting loads distributed relatively uniformly over the area of the workshop, as well as for power supply to a group of electric receivers belonging to the same process line. With trunk circuits, one supply line serves several distribution cabinets and large electric receivers of the workshop.

The main circuits made by busbars are referred to as highly reliable elements of the power supply system. They are used to power consumers of any category of reliability. If power redundancy is required, two-transformer substations with ATS installation on the section switch are used.

The advantage of the main circuit is its simplified switchgear (RP), or its absence (the busbars of the BMA can be connected directly to the transformer), high flexibility of the circuit, fast and cheap installation. The disadvantages of the main circuits are: low reliability of power supply, overspending of conductor material, complexity of the protection device, high short-circuit currents.

We select the main circuit, since the machines in the workshop are arranged evenly.