Potato storage project 200 t-EO

Contents

INTRODUCTION

1 POWER LEVEL ANALYSIS OF DESIGN FACILITY

2 LIGHTING SYSTEM DESIGN

2.1 Selection of light source type, system and lighting type

2.2 Normalized illumination on working surfaces

2.3 Lighting Engineering Calculation

2.4 Selection of wiring type and protection measures

3 ELECTRICAL HEATING DESIGN

INSTALLATIONS

3.1 Calorifer calculation and selection

3.2 Calculation and selection of fan

4 INTERNAL POWER MAINS DESIGN 0.38 kV

5 CALCULATION OF GROUNDING DEVICE

ELECTROINSTALLATIONS

6 CALCULATION OF ELECTRICAL LOADS OF THE OBJECT

DESIGN

7 POWER SUPPLY SYSTEM DESIGN

8 DEVELOPMENT OF MICROCLIMATE SYSTEM AUTOMATION DIAGRAM

9 WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM DESIGN

10 TECHNICAL AND ECONOMIC INDICATORS

CONCLUSION

BIBLIOGRAPHIC LIST

APPENDIX A

APPENDIX B

Introduction

The modern period of development of industrial processing of agricultural products is characterized by the mass use of electric machines and electrical equipment of various types. Based on their use, changes are taking place in agricultural production technology, namely, product quality. At the same time, the requirements for the reliability of electrified and automated technological processes are increased.

With the advent of automated systems, the labor intensity of production is significantly reduced and the problem of reliability and operation indicators of electrical equipment and electrical machines increases.

These requirements are met with significant logistical costs, labour-intensive production and financial costs. Therefore, this problem of ensuring high reliability, correct operation is solved at the stage of production design. Since a large number of parameters and production features should be taken into account, it is the most knowledge-intensive and complex.

In order to correctly and properly apply electrical installations in specific conditions of agricultural production, it is necessary to know the design features, technical parameters of execution and the areas of most expedient use of each electrical installation.

In order to overcome the above difficulties, it is necessary to draw on the existing design experience in this field and the use of software tools, in addition, the designer must take the task from the creative side to create possibly previously unknown calculation and design methods, which is clearly reflected in this project.

1 analysis of power supply level of the design object

Potato storage with a capacity of 200 tons is intended for storage of fodder root crops by placer with an embankment height of 2 m in conditions of active ventilation. It consists of a room for processing, storage and two ventilation chambers. The ventilation chambers are isolated from the main production rooms.

The main electrical equipment used for technological purposes is:

- electric illumination valves consisting of lamps, light sources and supply wires.

- electric heater to provide the required microclimate in the storage.

2 lighting system design

2.1 Selection of light source type, system and lighting type

Agricultural production premises in comparison with industrial premises have low natural illumination, very low ceiling height in relation to length and width, low ceiling reflection coefficient, heavy temperature-moisture conditions. These features of the production premises determine the lighting and structural data of the lighting fixtures used in agriculture in terms of economy, reliability, correct light distribution and spectral composition.

The power sources are three-wire AC network, voltage 220 V. As light sources, I will choose lighting fixtures with filament lamps. We choose a common uniform lighting system.

2.1.1 Storage room

For this room we select lighting fixtures for general lighting of wet and dusty industrial buildings with degree of protection IP65, with filament lamps, type NPP03 - 60 - 001/5/,

where N - glow lamps,

P - ceiling,

P - for industrial buildings,

03 - series number,

60 - lamp power in watts,

001 - basic version.

Light distribution class: P (direct light).

Luminous intensity curve: D (cosine)

2.1.2 Treatment room

For this room we select lighting fixtures for general lighting of wet and dusty industrial buildings with degree of protection IP65, with filament lamps, type NPP03 - 100 - 001/5/,

where N - glow lamps,

P - ceiling,

P - for industrial buildings,

03 - series number,

100 - lamp power in watts,

001 - basic version.

Light distribution class: P (direct light).

Luminous intensity curve: D (cosine)

2.1.3 Ventilation chamber

For this room we select lighting fixtures for general lighting of wet and dusty industrial buildings with degree of protection IP65, with filament lamps, type NPP03 - 60 - 001/5/,

where N - glow lamps,

P - ceiling,

P - for industrial buildings,

03 - series number,

60 - power of lamps in watts,

001 - basic version.

Light distribution class: P (direct light).

Luminous intensity curve: D (cosine)

3 design of electric heating plants

In the warehouses, a potato storage technology developed on the basis of numerous studies is being implemented, which provides for optimal regimes depending on the physiological phases of tuber development: ripening, resting and bud awakening. According to this technology, the storage time of potatoes is divided into three main periods. In the first, therapeutic period, conditions are created for the fastest healing of mechanical damage to tubers and drying them if they are loaded with wet. During this period, the temperature of the tubers should be within 12... 18 ° C, and the relative humidity - 90... 95%. The duration of the treatment period is within 10... 14 day depending on the variety and maturity of the tubers. In the second cooling period, the temperature of the potato is reduced to an optimal value for storage. The cooling rate should vary depending on the degree of damage to the tubers: for healthy ones - 0.5 ° C during the day, for damaged ones - 1 ° C. The duration of this period is 20... 40 days. In the third period of winter storage, it is necessary to maintain in the mass of potatoes the optimal (in terms of minimum losses) temperature + 2... 4 ° C and the relative humidity of the inter-club spaces 85... 95%. In spring (fourth period), if potatoes are not sold, the mass temperature should be reduced by 1... 2 ° C compared to the optimal one, which will delay the germination of tubers and extend the shelf life by several weeks.

The design of electric heating plants provides for the calculation and selection of an electric heating plant to maintain the optimal temperature storage mode (7).

Conclusion

During the course project, the object was designed according to the source data.

Lighting of all rooms was calculated, in which lighting fixtures with filament lamps were adopted for each room.

The electrical heating unit design section provides for calculation and selection of electric heater and fan.

The design of the internal power mains of 0.38 kV is limited to the calculation and selection of start-up equipment, grade and section of wires or cables.

Calculation of the grounding device of electroinstallations is performed for resistance of the grounding RZ device the =4th. During the calculation, a steel pipe with a diameter of 60 mm, a length of 2.5 m was chosen as the vertical electrode, and a horizontal grounding conductor is made of steel strip 40 × 4 mm.

Electrical loads of the design object are calculated to determine the annual power consumption of power receivers.

During the design, computer drawing tools, experience of previous projects in this field were applied, and knowledge of previously studied disciplines such as: general electrical engineering, electrical networks, theoretical foundations of electrical engineering, electrical machines and electrical equipment was also applied.

One of the objectives of the project was to find the most suitable solutions that reduce the technical and economic performance of designing objects of this type. Also, compliance of the project with the natural and climatic conditions in which the facility will operate, distance from the main communications (transport lines, power supply and water supply systems, sewerage, etc.).