One-story industrial building - course on architecture

Contents

Introduction

Characteristics of the construction area

Architectural and construction part

Space Planning Solution

Structural part

External Wall Heat Engineering Calculation

Calculation of domestic premises

Technical and economic indicators

1. Introduction

My course project presents a one-story industrial building - a machine-building plant.

The purpose of the course project is to:

1. Consolidation and expansion of knowledge gained in the study of theoretical material;

2. Mastery of methods of assessment of space-planning and structural solutions of buildings;

3. Acquisition of building design skills;

4. Mastery of methods of using technical literature and regulatory documents effective in construction.

The project of the industrial workshop was developed in accordance with SNiP 2.09.0285. "Production buildings of industrial enterprises."

Building plan is based on modular system with unified

architecturally - planning steps and columns.

Spans of load-bearing structures are selected in accordance with Unified Modular

system (EMC).

Characteristics of the construction area

Industrial Building Construction District - Brest

Air temperature of coldest days 36 0С

Temperature of warmest days 370С

Average January temperature -4.50C

Average July temperature + 18.50C

The annual rainfall is 500 mm.

Average annual air temperature + 7.80С

Average annual wind speed 2.8 m/s

Average annual humidity 77%

Humidity zone - normal

Ground freezing depth is 1.2 m.

Architectural and construction part

Space Planning Solution

The designed industrial building is one-story. It consists of three longitudinal spans (length 144 m, width 24 m, height 14.4 m) and one transverse (length 72 m, width 24 m, height 18 m). Industrial building heated. Lighting of all spans of the building is lateral through window openings. To ensure sufficient illumination in longitudinal spans, the building is additionally equipped with lamps. Production in the workshop is carried out using bridge cranes.

The level of clean floor is taken as 0.00.

The industrial building adjoins the living quarters for the workers of the workshop.

Structural part

The building is built from prefabricated reinforced concrete elements (material - gas silicate) and has a frame structural scheme. The adopted design scheme ensures the strength, rigidity and stability of the building at the stages of erection and during operation under the action of all loads and impacts. Stiffness is ensured by the organization of stiffness belts: foundations that pinch columns and rest on soil are connected by foundation beams and form the lower stiffness belt; crane beams, binding columns, form a middle stiffening belt; cover elements (slabs, trusses) are rigidly connected to each other and form a third, upper stiffening belt with columns. In addition, the columns of the extreme steps are connected by ties - braced structures from an angle profile.

Columns

Since in longitudinal spans the lifting capacity of bridge cranes Q < 30 t, the pitch of the extreme columns is 6 m and the height of the spans is 14.4 m, then the columns are tied to the laying axes "zero."

Since in the transverse span the load capacity of the bridge cranes Q = 30 t, the pitch of the extreme columns is 6 m and the span height is 18 m, then the columns are tied to the laying axes "250."

We use reinforced concrete two-branch columns for a building with bridge cranes.

Longitudinal span:

Extreme columns - KDP grade 15

Highway to =6 m.

Column top elevation = 14.4 m

G.R. = 11.75 m

Weight = 9.7 t

V = 500 mm

H1 = 1000 mm

H3 = 200 mm

Middle columns - KDP grade 19

Highway to =12 m.

Column top elevation = 13.7 m

G.R. = 11.75 m

Weight = 17.9 t

V = 600 mm

H1 = 1400 mm

H3 = 300 mm

Transverse span:

Extreme columns - KDP grade 30

Highway to =6 m.

Column top elevation = 18 m

G.R. = 14.65 m

Weight = 16.3 t

V = 500 mm

H1 = 1300 mm

H3 = 250 mm

Distance from longitudinal laying axis to axis of crane rail is taken equal to 750 mm. Crane rail is fixed on crane beam of T-section or I-section, height of which is determined depending on pitch of frame columns, height of building and lifting capacity of crane.

For pitch 6 m and H > 9.6 m - T-beam with height of 1000 mm

For pitch 12 m and H > 9.6 m - I-beam 1400 mm high

Beams are rigidly connected to cantilevers and heads of columns by means of anchors and embedded parts by welding.

In industrial buildings, at a distance between the columns of the main frame exceeding the length of the wall panels, an additional frame is installed for attaching the latter, along the line of the external walls - fachverk. Reinforced concrete columns with a section of 400x600 mm are installed along the end walls in steps of 6 m and have a "zero" reference to the transverse laying axes.

Structural structures.

Reinforced concrete trusses and beams are used as a flat bearing structure of the coating of the designed industrial building.

As load-bearing structures, rafters and frictionless reinforced concrete trusses with a span of 24 meters were used.

Reinforced concrete trusses are connected to column anchor bolts released from columns and passing through support metal sheet welded to support part of truss. Retaining posts welded from above to coating plates are attached by anchor bolts at the edges of rafters.

Coating plates

To cover the designed industrial building with a pitch of rafters 6 m and a roll roof, reinforced concrete ribbed slabs measuring 3x6 m are used. We support the slabs on the bearing structures of the coating through steel embedded parts installed in their corners from below. The support parts of the roof slabs are welded to special embedded parts placed in the upper belt of the load-bearing reinforced concrete structures. Thanks to this connection, reinforced concrete slabs are not only the bearing structure of the enclosing part of the coating, but also provide spatial rigidity of the coating and the building as a whole.

Roof of the building

The coating of this industrial building is designed flat, with a slope of 1.5%.

To ensure the requirements for protection of the building from temperature, wind, rain, snow loads, the roof is designed from several layers.

Steam insulation is carried out over ribbed reinforced concrete slabs, then a layer of heat-insulating material is laid. Next, a leveling layer of cement sand is made, onto which several layers of water insulation carpet are rolled. To prevent mechanical damage to the roof and additional protection, the water insulation carpet is covered with a layer of mastic into which gravel is embedded.

The drainage from the roof of the building is arranged internal .

Walls

The designed industrial building uses wall panels with a length of 6 m, made of gas silicate with a density of 800 kg/m3.

The first row of panels with a height of 1.2 m (base row) is attached to foundation beams of trapezoidal section laid on concrete columns with a section of 300x600 mm. Columns are installed on upper stage of foundation slab. Wall panels are attached to the frame columns through embedded elements. The wall is composed of their panels of various heights: 1.2 m; 1.8 m. The top of the wall ends with a parapet, due to the drainage method.

Windows and light-aeration lights

In buildings with panel walls, tape glazing is usually used. To ensure sufficient illumination in the designed industrial building, two glazing ribbons are arranged (the lower ribbon has a height of 5400 mm, the upper - 1200 mm), which are located along the entire span with the exception of wall sections in the first and last steps. In addition to lateral lighting, in the longitudinal spans of the building, upper lighting is used through light-aeration lights of a rectangular section with a width of 12 m and a height of 3,4 m. With two tiers of bindings 2 × 1.2 m high, lanterns are located along the axis of the spans and with their ends do not reach one step to the end and transverse deformation seam of the building and are a P-shaped superstructure above the opening in the roof. The flat roof of the lantern is similar in design to the low-slope roof of the entire building. Access to the canopy roof is performed by a hinged steel ladder located in the end face.

The lights are designed with an external drainage and roof slope of 1.5%.

Floors

Floors on the ground are designed on the territory of the working zone of the industrial building: an underlying layer is laid on the stamped soil, over which a bracing is arranged. Sutures are sealed with solution.

Gates

There are 5 gates designed in the industrial building. The gate is bipartite, swept, dimensions 4000mm x 4200mm. To enter people in the gate flap there is a wicket with a width of 800mm.

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