Installation of precast reinforced concrete structures of aboveground part of one-storey industrial building

Contents

1. Design Task

2. Contents

3. Main scope of construction and installation works

3.1. Calculation of Additional Quantities of Work

3.2. Selection and justification of installation and accessories

4. Methods and methods of erection of building structures

5. Calculation of basic parameters of installation cranes

6. Feasibility Study for Selection of Installation Cranes

7. Labor-intensive Construction and Installation Works

8. Selection and calculation of vehicles for the delivery of building structures to the site

9. Technical and economic indicators of installation works

10. Occupational Health and Safety Measures for Erection Works

11. List of literature

Methods and methods of erection of building structures.

One-storey industrial buildings are built in a technological sequence, which is installed during the design of installation works depending on volume-planning and structural solutions.

Installation methods of structures depend on: structural features of the building and the work of the structure during installation; sequence of installation of structural elements of one span of one-story building; Vertical assembly sequences for constructs methods of aiming and installation of structures on supports; accuracy of installation of structures on supports.

According to the accuracy of installation of structures on supports, installation with structural alignment is used before installation of permanent mounting mounts .

According to the degree of enlargement, installation is carried out by structural elements (columns, crane beams, trusses, coating plates, wall panels).

In compliance with proposed method, mounting is performed by free method. At that method the structure aiming at supports is performed by guiding movements during its free movement.

According to the sequence of assembly, the vertical method is used, characterized by a sequential assembly of the structure from bottom to top onto structures already installed earlier. Installation includes slinging, lifting to the design position, installation of the structure on supports, temporary attachment and alignment of the position, disassembly and attachment of the structure to the design position.

In the direction of development of the installation process, a longitudinal installation method is used. All structures are mounted along the span.

According to the sequence of installation of structural elements of each span of a one-story building, a combined method is used. This method is most often used in the installation of structures of single-story industrial buildings: columns, crane beams and wall fences are mounted by a differentiated method, separate flows, and trusses and coating plates - by a complex method, in a single flow.

In connection with the space-planning scheme of the building, the installation of each type of structure is carried out first in a high span in axes 12, and then in low perpendicular spans in axes A-G and G-J.

Installation of the above-ground part of the one-story industrial building begins with the installation of columns on the entire facility. At that, Fachverka columns after pre-assembly. When using self-propelled boom cranes, the columns are placed with their supporting part closer to the foundation, the tip is directed into the span during installation. Column slinging locations shall be available for work. During installation the crane moves along the row of columns at minimum boom outflow. The columns raised by the crane are lowered into the foundation sleeve, combining axial hairlines in the lower part of the columns with axial hairlines on the foundation .

Adjustment and temporary fixing of columns is carried out with the help of conductors. In span 1-2, the height of the columns exceeds 12 m, so their installation is carried out with additional bracing. After installation of a row of columns, their design position is finally checked and the joints of columns with foundations are ground. This mounts all columns of the object. The application of the differentiated method is dictated by the fact that by the beginning of the installation of other prefabricated elements of the building (installation on the columns of the overlying structures) the concrete in the joints of the columns with the foundations should have at least 70% of the design strength, which is achieved after 3 days.

It is advisable to mount crane beams with an independent flow.

Installation of beams in design position is performed by axial hazards on beams and cantilevers of columns. Beams are temporarily fixed on supports by means of anchor bolts. Final alignment of crane beams is performed within the limits of mounting grip or temperature section, using geodetic tools, after which all fasteners of beams are welded to embedded parts of columns. When installing beams with preliminary layout at the installation places, they are folded onto wooden linings at a distance of 2.8... 4.0 m in a "Christmas tree." This arrangement allows you to freely inspect the ends of the beams and, if necessary, adjust them.

Rafter trusses are installed in design position with alignment of axial hairlines on their ends with hairlines on support surfaces of underlying structures, i.e. columns, after which they are fixed by welding with embedded elements of columns. Stability of the first rafter structure is provided by bracing. The stability of the subsequent truss is ensured by means of inventory struts fixed to the earlier mounted truss. At the same time as the trusses are installed, all permanent connections and spacers provided for by the project are installed. Temporary spacers and braces are removed as the coating plates are installed and welded. To ensure stability of mounted elements, they are stored in special cassettes.

The coating plates are installed after installation and permanent attachment of the next truss. This ensures the necessary rigidity of the coating cell. Coating plates are laid out on both sides on the sides of the installation crane in stacks. Number of stacks of plates and their arrangement are determined from condition of cell covering between trusses from one crane parking lot.

After laying of each plate, its embedded parts must be welded to embedded parts of the upper girder belt at least in three points.

The struts are mounted together with the fachwerk posts at the end of the building before the installation of the first and last span trusses.

Installation of enclosing structures is carried out by separate installation flow after completion of installation of the load-bearing frame of the building as a whole or its part. Panels are hung immediately to the entire height between adjacent columns with joint window bindings and sealing of seams between elements.

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