Gas supply to the village of Berdyash, Zilair district of the Republic of Bashkortostan

Contents

DIPLOMA DESIGN ASSIGNMENT

PAPER

INTRODUCTION

1 PROCESS PART

1.1 Brief description of gas supply facility

1.2 Composition and physicochemical properties of the gas used

1.3 Selection of low pressure gas distribution network configuration

1.4 Hydraulic calculation of gas distribution networks

1.4.1 Gas consumption modes

1.4.2 Determination of estimated gas flow rates by network sections

1.4.3 Calculation of low pressure dead end branched gas network by method of optimal diameters

1.5 Calculation of internal house gas pipeline

1.6 Gas control point of Berdyash village of Zilair district

1.6.1 GRP designation and classification

1.6.2 Selection of GRPP type

1.6.3 Process diagram of GRPP, its structure and operation principle

1.6.4 Purpose of GRPP equipment, its design and operation

1.7 Construction of junctions of distribution gas pipelines

1.7.1 Methods of constructing passages under roads

1.8 Calculation of gas pipeline transition under the road by horizontal drilling method

1.8.1 Calculation of protective case

2 MEASURING AND MONITORING EQUIPMENT

2.1 Selection and justification of section theme

2.2 Main tasks of automation of gas-using plants

2.3 Boiler Automation

2.4 Functional diagram of automation, its description

2.5 Automation Equipment Used

2.5.1 A signaling device toxic and STG1 combustible gases - 1D10 (O)

2.5.2 Safety and fire control device Signal-

2.5.3 Pressure switch sensor of DPP type

2.5.4. Pressure gauges of MP4-U type

2.5.5 Flare Control Unit

3 PROJECT SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENTAL FRIENDLINESS

3.1 Occupational safety

3.1.1 Analysis of hazardous and harmful production factors

3.1.2 Engineering and organizational safety measures

3.1.3 Lighting and ventilation in the GRP room

3.2 Industrial Safety

3.2.1 Risk of emergencies

3.3 Environmental friendliness of the project

4 ECONOMIC PART

4.1 Economic justification for consumers of low-pressure gas pipeline construction

LIST OF SOURCES USED

Introduction

The share of natural gas in the fuel balance of Russia is 60%. Since natural gas is a highly efficient energy carrier, in the context of economic growth in the country, gasification can form the basis of the socio-economic development of the regions of Russia, ensure the improvement of working and living conditions of the population, as well as reduce environmental pollution .

The wide introduction of natural gas into the national economy as a technological and energy fuel, as well as raw materials for the chemical industry, is due not only to the high growth in gas production, but also to its technical and economic advantages over other fuels:

low cost;

high heat of combustion, which ensures expediency of its transportation through main gas pipelines for considerable distances;

complete combustion, facilitating the working conditions of personnel serving gas equipment and networks;

the absence of carbon monoxide in its composition, which is especially important in gas leaks arising from the gas supply to utility and household consumers;

high heat performance (more than 2000 ° C);

possibility to automate combustion processes and achieve high efficiency.

The use of gas fuel makes it possible to introduce efficient heat transfer methods, create economical and high-performance thermal units with smaller dimensions, cost and high efficiency, as well as improve product quality when used

natural gas as feedstock.

The main task in the use of natural gas is its rational consumption, that is, reducing the specific consumption by introducing economical technological processes in which the positive properties of gas are most fully realized.

In recent years, a program of gasification of rural settlements has been implemented in Bashkortostan and district systems have now been created to provide gas not only to urban, but also to rural consumers in a large area.

The presented project considered the gas supply system of the village of Berdyash, Zilair district of the Republic of Bashkortostan.

In the technological part of the diploma project, a brief characteristic of the gas supply object is given, hydraulic calculation of gas distribution networks and calculation of the protective case when crossing the road is given. The following are considered in detail: process diagram of the cabinet gas control station (GRPP); purpose of GRPP equipment, its design and operation; construction of junctions of distribution gas pipelines. The issue of selecting the configuration of the low-pressure gas distribution network is also considered.

The section Measuring and Monitoring Equipment describes the functional diagram of the Vitoplex 300 boiler automation. The device and principle of operation of technical means of boiler house automation are considered .

The section "Safety and Environmental Friendliness of the Project" includes analysis of hazards and hazards during operation of the GRPP, industrial safety and environmental friendliness of the project during operation of the GRPP.

The economic part provides a comparative estimate of the feasibility of using natural gas as a fuel for heating, cooking and hot water.

1 process part

1.1 Brief description of gas supply facility

The designed low-pressure gas pipelines laid in the village of Berdyash and across the Berdyash River are located in the Zilair district of the Republic of Belarus. The gas distribution network of the village of Berdyash, Zilair district, is a distribution gas pipeline for supplying gas to consumers in residential buildings, public utilities, enterprises and other consumers.

The project provides for tie-in to the existing high-pressure gas pipeline P = 0.6 MPa, installation of a gas control station (GRP) to reduce the pressure to P = 0.003 MPa and the construction of above-ground and partially underground low-pressure gas pipelines to consumers - along the streets of Yerovchinskaya, Central, Shkolnaya, Kasmarskaya, Sosnovskaya, Baigulskaya and Kuznechnaya. Diameters of gas pipelines are determined by hydraulic calculation.

The territory is built up with individual residential buildings. The route of the designed gas pipeline crosses the Berdyash River and an unnamed stream, roads, underground engineering communications, air lines and communications.

According to physical and geographical conditions, the survey area is located within the Zilair plateau. The area is hilly, with a significant slope towards crossed rivers and streams.

The climate in the area of ​ ​ the alleged work is moderately cold, well moistened. The absolute maximum temperature in July is plus 38 ° С, the absolute minimum in January is minus 44 ° С. The average annual air temperature is plus 1.7 ° C.

The greatest depth of soil freezing is 149 cm. The prevailing wind direction in summer is northern, in winter it is southern.