District heat supply

Contents

Introduction

Climatological and baseline data

Defining Heat Loads

2.1. Heat loads of houses

2.2. Thermal load of residential areas

Consumption schedule

Calculation of thermal load quality control

Heating plot of temperatures in the heat network

Hydraulic calculation

4.1. Determination of coolant flow rates by sections

4.2. Determination of pressure losses in sections of heat network

Selection of mains and makeup pumps

Elevator and reheater

Mechanical equipment and construction structures of heating networks

7.1. Calculation and selection of compensators

7.2. Piping Supports

7.3. Calculation of forces on the support

7.4. Heat network channels

7.5. Calculation of heat insulation thickness of pipelines

Conclusion

LIST OF SOURCES USED

Introduction

Heat supply - supply of residential buildings, public buildings and industrial enterprises with heat carrier: hot water (up to 85-95 ° C), superheated water (up to 150-200 ° C) and water steam for heating, hot water supply, ventilation and technological processes.

Heat supply of buildings for various purposes is carried out via heat networks. Heat networks connect the source of thermal energy to its consumers: residential, public and production buildings.

Centralized heat supply systems are heat supply systems for large residential areas, cities, towns and industrial enterprises.

The centralized heat supply system also includes building heat supply systems associated with it by a single hydraulic and thermal modes and a common control system. However, due to the variety of technical solutions for heating buildings, they are separated into an independent technical system called a heating system. Therefore, the centralized heat supply system begins with a heat source and ends with a subscriber input to the building.

Depending on the method of hot water preparation, centralized heat supply systems are divided into closed and open ones.

In a closed system, circulating water is used only as a coolant. It heats up at a source of heat, carries its enthalpy to consumers and gives it to heating, ventilation and hot water supply. Water for hot water supply is taken from the city water supply and heated in surface heat exchangers with a circulating coolant to the required temperature. The system is closed to atmospheric air.

In open systems, the hot water used by the consumer is taken from the heat network. Therefore, the heat supply system is partially circulating and partially ramjet. Hot water supply water is prepared at the source of heat, direct flow to consumers and is poured through water intake valves into the atmosphere.

In this course project, a closed district heating system is being developed in the district of Ufa. The source of thermal energy is the CHP, which provides heat supply to a residential area consisting of 4 blocks.

The heat supply system of the city is water, operating according to a closed scheme, two-pipe, with individual subscriber inputs.

Conclusion

In the course project, a closed heat supply system was developed for the district of Ufa, consisting of 4 blocks, from the CHP. In particular, the thermal loads of the quarters were determined.

As part of the course project, qualitative regulation was calculated for the combined load of heating and hot water supply, a two-stage connection scheme for hot water heaters was chosen.

In addition, a hydraulic calculation of the heat supply system was carried out in the course project, and pumps were chosen.

As a result of the thermal calculation, the thickness of the thermal insulation structure of the pipeline of the thermal network was calculated.

Also in the course project, the forces on supports were calculated, in particular, vertical normative loads and horizontal normative axial loads on movable supports from friction were calculated for sections of the thermal network having different diameters .

The general plan of the district with a wiring diagram with the arrangement of valves, compensators, supports was built.

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