Development of electrohydraulic hoist

Contents

TASK

PAPER

INTRODUCTION

1 TERMS OF REFERENCE

1.1 Name and scope

1.2 Rationale for Development

1.3 Purpose and purpose of development

1.4 Sources of development

1.5 Technical requirements

1.6 Economic indicators

1.7 Stages and stages of development

1.8 Procedure of control and acceptance subject to approval

2 TECHNICAL PROPOSAL

2.1 Specification Clarification

2.2 Material Selection

2.3 Option Check

2.4 Evaluation of options

2.6 Choosing the Best Option

2.7 Project approval and review

3 SKETCH DESIGN

3.1 Principle Design Solution

3.2 Calculation of hydraulic drive

3.3 Calculation of hydraulic cylinder parameters

3.4 Determination of flow rate of working fluid passing through the hydraulic cylinder

3.5 Pump selection

3.6 Motor Selection for Pump Drive

3.7 Operating fluid selection

3.8 Selection of hydraulic equipment

3.9 Determination of pipeline diameters

3.10 Calculation of hydraulic tank

3.11 Hydraulic drive efficiency

3.12 Coupling selection

3.13 Strength calculation of parts

3.14 Calculation of economic indicators

Literature

Appendix A - Schedule General View Drawing

Appendix B - BOM Assembly Drawing

Appendix B - Detail to Assembly Drawing

Project Description

In the course design, an electrohydraulic lift was developed. Development is carried out on the basis of the accepted prototype lift. Calculation and selection of main control units and lift operation were performed. Strength calculation was also performed.

The course project contains:

technical assignment for the design of a lift, for hanging a passenger car, which indicates the name and scope of the product, the justification for the development of the lift, the purpose and purpose of the development, technical requirements, stages and stages of development are established;

technical proposal, which includes clarification of the technical assignment, analysis of the technical assignment, verification of options, evaluation of options, selection of the optimal option;

A draft design that includes a fundamental design solution.

The course project is presented on 36 sheets of the explanatory note, includes 18 figures, 9 tables and 3 annexes.

The graphic material includes a general view drawing, an assembly drawing, and a part working drawing.

Terms of Reference

1.1 Name and scope

Designed equipment lift for passenger cars. Symbol for this article GP.- 01.000000.

The hoist is designed to lift cars during maintenance and maintenance work.

The lift is used at passenger car maintenance stations. Export use is not foreseen

1.2 Basis for Development

Development theme: "Design of a lift for cars."

1.3 Objectives and purpose of development

The lift is designed to facilitate the work of technical personnel, increase the speed of lifting during maintenance and repair, as well as increase the productivity of work in the conditions of motor vehicles and car repair enterprises.

1.4 Technical requirements

A number of requirements are imposed on the lift. The required lifting capacity shall be within 2.5 t. In addition, the lift being developed shall meet the following requirements:

- lift cars of various brands;

- The structure shall provide an insurance device preventing involuntary lowering of the lift and various devices preventing the car from rolling off the lift;

- lifting must be carried out by filling the hydraulic cylinder with liquid to implement the lifting element;

- in the manufacture of the hoist, a sufficiently high processability must be provided, based on modern developments in mechanical engineering;

- development requirements shall comply with the rules and regulations adopted in the design and manufacture;

- during the development of the lift, the design should be easy to manage and maintain;

- as many standard parts and mechanisms as possible shall be used in the manufacture of equipment;

1.5 Economic indicators

Estimated cost-effectiveness for the year of operation:

Q = 500,000 rubles.

Lifter payback period: N 1 year.

Minimum price of the lift: C = 85000 rubles.

The full calculation of economic indicators is given in paragraph 3.14.

The product under development has lower metal consumption and significant energy savings. In addition, maintenance and repair costs are reduced by simplifying the design.

1.6 Stages and stages of development.

The design of the lift is divided into five stages. The first stage involves the preparation of a technical assignment. The second stage includes a statement of work. The third stage consists of a draft proposal. The fourth stage is the graphic part. The fifth stage is the design of an explanatory note. After issuing the explanatory note, practical work is submitted for verification.

Introduction

Road transport plays a significant role in the country's transport context. The plants are modernizing equipment, implementing mechanization and automation of work processes, including robotics and flexible automated production. Such innovations improve the safety of technical personnel, improve working conditions, reduce harmful environmental impacts, and strengthen the material, technical and repair base.

Road transport regularly serves more than 1 million different enterprises and organizations. Thanks to vehicles, about 50% of all transportation is carried out.

To improve the efficiency of transport, it is necessary to accelerate the creation and introduction of new technologies, improve the working conditions of service personnel, create and develop new types of vehicles, increase the pace of renewal of rolling stock and other technological means, strengthen logistics and repair bases, and increase the level of integrated mechanization of loading and unloading operations. At the same time, it is necessary to improve traffic safety and reduce the negative impact on the environment .

An important problem for road transport is the creation of progressive resource-saving and technological equipment for car maintenance and repair.

Technical Proposal

2.1 Specification clarifications

It is necessary to develop a lift for passenger cars with a lifting capacity of up to 2.5 tons based on an analogue selected from a number of lifts manufactured by industry. The lift being developed must comply with safety and industrial sanitation standards.

2.3 Option Check

All of these options meet the requirements of safety and industrial sanitation. They have a sufficiently high degree of repair suitability, verification for patent frequency and competitiveness has not been carried out.

2.4 Evaluation of options

The CN 1.20 lift has one of the simplest designs compared to the rest of the benches in question and does not require large production costs. Simple to operate does not require qualified maintenance, and also has small dimensions. But this lift has difficulty accessing the lower part of the car and low carrying capacity.

The electromechanical lift also has a not complex structure, which does not require high production costs, is easy to operate, does not require special training of personnel. The main disadvantages include the large weight of the lift, not high load capacity.

The DHJ 2.0 electrohydraulic lift has a not complex design, which does not require large production costs, it means that it is simple to maintain and repair, easy to operate. It has a fairly high load capacity. Provides free access to the bottom of the car. Thanks to its abundant lubrication and simple but durable design, it is durable and reliable. It has reliable self-braking from displacement under load. But the lift has large dimensions.

The electrohydraulic lift has the following advantages over the electromechanical lift:

optimal price/quality ratio;

easy installation;

reliable design;

reliable hydraulic circuit;

electromechanical stop device in case of cable rupture;

mechanical cable tension control device;

easier access to the lower part of the car.

Disadvantages:

large dimensions.

The electromechanical lift has the following advantages over the electro-hydraulic lift:

Simplicity of construction;

Ease of operation and repair;

Manageability;

High level of security;

Disadvantages:

Large mass;

Low load capacity;

High economic costs.

2.6 Selection of optimal option.

As a result of the review of existing lift structures, 1 option was identified. This is a stationary, single-stage, electrohydraulic lift. The hoist of this design is rationally installed at any automobile enterprise, maintenance station, engaged in the maintenance and repair of cars. To increase the versatility of the lift, it is planned to improve it - reducing its dimensions. The improved design is simpler than the prototype and has smaller dimensions, therefore, the cost of its production, maintenance, operation is reduced and the overall design is improved.

Sketched Design

3.2.1 Operating pressure selection

The amount of working pressure affects the dimensions, cost, durability and operational suitability of the hydraulic drive. When choosing high pressure values, the hydraulic drive is compact, but at the same time its durability is reduced and the cost increases with increased requirements for accuracy and strength of the hydraulic drive elements. When selecting the hydraulic cylinder, it is recommended to coordinate the force P and pressure p. Therefore, we accept the pressure of 12.5 MPa, corresponding to the force P = 80 kN, from a number of nominal pressures as per GOST 12445 - 80.

3.14 Economic indicators.

To calculate economic indicators, you must specify the initial data, namely:

The cost of the lift is 85000 thousand rubles.

Useful return of the machine for the year of operation - 500000 thousand rubles

The power of the drive engine is 3 kW.

Load factor - 0.85.