Develop the drive of the main movement of the lightweight vertical drilling machine with dmax = 25mm and the process of processing the part "Spline shaft 2H125L.020.0060" "

Contents

Contents:

Summary

Introduction

1. Overview of vertical drilling machines with the largest drilling diameter d = 25 mm

1.1. Universal vertical drilling machine 2A

1.2. Universal vertical drilling machine 2G

1.3. Universal vertical drilling machine 2H125L

2. Kinematic calculation of the main motion drive 

2.1. Select Cutting Modes

2.2. Structural grid and spindle speed graph

2.3. Determination of wheel gear numbers

3. Strength calculation of main motion drive elements 

3.1. Main motion motor selection

3.2. Determination of moments on shafts and efficiency of main motion drive 

3.3. Gear calculation Z3 = 22/Z4 =

3.3.1. Check calculation of gear Z3 = 22/Z4 =

3.4. Basic geometrical parameters of gears

3.5. Shaft power calculation

3.5.1. Calculation of the key connection on the shaft

3.5.2. Selecting Bearings

4. System Description

4.1. Description of speed box control

4.2. Lubrication System Description

4.3. Description of electrical schematic diagram

5. Part Manufacturing Process 

"Splined shaft"

5.1. Process route of processing

5.2. Calculation of cutting modes

5.2.1. Operation 015 - Turning

5.2.2. Operation 020 - Vertical - SF Mill

5.2.3. Operation 030 - Schlitsefreser

5.2.4. Operation 045 - Round Grinding Unit 3B

Conclusion

List of literature

Appendix A

Appendix B

Summary

The final qualification work on the topic "Develop the drive of the main vertical-drilling machine of lightweight design with dmax = 25mm and the processing process of the part" Spline shaft 2H125L.020.006 "consists of a graphic part and a calculation and explanatory note.

The graphic part is made on 5 sheets of A1 format, 2 sheets of A2 format and 1 sheet of A3 format and includes:

- kinematic diagram of the machine;

- speed box scanning;

- convolution of speed box;

- principle electrical circuit;

- part drawing "splined shaft";

- 4 adjustment for part processing "splined shaft" on 2 sheets of A1 format.

The calculation explanatory note contains 96 pages and consists of 5 sections: an overview of vertical drilling machines with the largest drilling diameter d = 25mm, kinematic calculation of the main movement drive, strength calculation of the main movement drive elements, a description of the systems and the manufacturing process of the part "Spline Shaft," which includes the technological route and calculation of cutting modes.

Appendix A provides the specification for the main motion drive assembly drawing. Appendix B - set of documents for the machining process of the part "Splined shaft."

Introduction

The creation of modern, accurate and high-performance metal cutting machines leads to increased requirements for their main units. In particular, the main movement and feed drives are required: to increase rigidity, increase the accuracy of rotation of shafts, spindle units. Machines shall be capable of high-performance manufacturing without manual subsequent refinement of parts that meet modern ever-increasing requirements for accuracy.

In most machines, gearboxes with stepped speed control connected to an asynchronous electric motor are used as the main movement drive. The main motion drives are subject to the following requirements: providing the necessary cutting power, maintaining the constancy of cutting power in speed and torque boxes, providing a given speed control range, high efficiency, reliability, ease of maintenance and small dimensions.

Improvement of machine tools shall ensure increase of speed of working and auxiliary movements at corresponding increase of power of main movement drive. Of great importance is the increase in the reliability of machines (due to the use of parts with high strength, wear resistance, rigidity, vibration resistance, heat resistance, processability), the equipping of machines with monitoring and measurement tools, as well as the introduction of diagnostic systems into machines.

At the same time, the most important requirements for the machine are provided - cost-effectiveness in manufacture and operation, serviceability, reliability and durability.

Overview of vertical drilling machines with the largest drilling diameter d = 25

mm

Drilling machines are designed for processing holes by drilling, countersinking, unfolding, as well as for cutting threads in holes by throwers.

Drilling machines by design are divided into three main subgroups:

1. Vertical boreholes, the main feature of which is the vertical placement of the spindle axis and its fixed position relative to the bed

2. Radially drilled, in which the spindle axis is also placed vertically, but has the ability to change its position relative to the fixed base

3. Horizontal drill, called from the location of the spindle axis. Machines of this arrangement are used mainly for processing deep holes.

All vertical drilling machines can be divided into three groups:

1. Machines lightweight, desktop, with the largest drilling diameter 3, 6 and 12mm

2. Medium sizes with largest drilling diameter 18, 25, 35, 50mm

3. Heavy machines with the largest drilling diameter 75mm

Consider the specifications of several vertical drilling machines with the largest drilling diameter d = 25 mm.

Universal Vertical Drilling Machine 2A125

The universal vertical drilling machine of the 2A125 model is designed for work in repair, tool and production shops with small-scale production. Having been provided with devices, the machine 2A125 can be used in mass production. The machine is designed for a nominal drilling diameter of 25mm, allows a feeding force of 900 kg. The presence on the machine of a nine-speed speed box with a control range of 97630rpm and a nine-speed feed box with a spindle supply control range of 0.10.81 mm/rpm fully provides the choice of standard cutting modes for processing holes with a diameter of up to 25mm. The rigidity of the structure, the strength of the working mechanisms and the drive power of the machine make it possible to use a cutting tool equipped with a hard alloy.

Machine specifications 2A125:

1. Largest drilling diameter in steel 45 GOST 105074 25 mm

2. Distance from spindle axis to column guides 270 mm

3. Largest spindle stroke 200 mm

4. Table working surface 600375 mm

5. Largest table travel 325 mm

6. Supply mains voltage 380/220 V

7. Dimensional dimensions 9608252300 mm

8. Machine weight 870 kg

Universal vertical drilling machine 2G125

The universal vertical drilling machine of the 2G125 model can be used in auxiliary workshops of machine-building plants of repair shops, etc. On the machine it is allowed to cut threads with machine marks with a limit of the number of actuations per hour. The machine provides for automatic disconnection of supply when the required processing depth is reached and automatic reversal of the spindle during thread cutting.

Technical characteristics of 2G125 machine:

1. Largest drilling diameter in steel 45 GOST 105074 25 mm

2. Distance from spindle axis to guide columns 300 mm

3. Largest spindle stroke 200 mm

4. Table working surface 450400 mm

5. Largest table travel 425 mm

6. Supply mains voltage 380/220 V

7. Dimensional dimensions 9108352081 mm

8. Machine weight 780 kg

Description of electrical schematic diagram

Short-circuited three-phase asynchronous electric motor is installed on machine.

Actuation of SQ1 input circuit breaker supplies voltage to power circuits, control and alarm circuits. Signal lamp EL2 comes ON on the control panel.

Actuation of spindle motor is performed by pressing SB2 (left rotation) or SB3 (right rotation) button. In this case, the magnetic starter KM1 is turned on, connecting the closing contacts, through which the magnetic starter KM2 (left rotation) or the magnetic starter KM3 (right rotation) is turned on and shunts the valve D1 and the throttle L1 in the power circuit.

Dynamic braking of spindle motor is performed by pressing SB1 button, open contacts of which disconnect KM1 magnetic starter. Note here that two phase windings of electric motor are fed from mains via closing contacts of starter KM2, valve D1 and throttle L1 by semi-periodic voltage, while third phase is closed briefly via normally closed contacts KM1 and closing contacts KM2.

In order to perform stepwise turning, it is necessary to switch B3 to alternately turn on the magnetic starters KM2 and KM3, which by their closing contacts connect through the valve D1 and the throttle L1 two phase windings of the electric motor to linear voltage, and the third phase winding is closed short through the closing contacts of the magnetic starter KM2 or KM3 normally closed contacts.

Local lighting is switched on by SQ1 switch installed on the light fixture.

The cooling pump is actuated by the SQ4 toggle switch installed on the niche door.

The electrical circuit of the machine provides the following protections:

From short circuits - input automatic circuit breaker SQ1.

From the overload of the spindle drive motors and the cooling pump motor - by the thermal relay KK1 and KK2.

Zero protection of spindle motor - magnetic starters KM1, KM2, KM3.

During installation, the machine shall be reliably grounded and connected to the common grounding system. For this purpose, a grounding screw is provided at the bottom of the machine.

Part Manufacturing Process

"Splined shaft"

Source Data:

Production type - single;

Part material - 40X steel GOST 454371.

5.1. Process route of processing

005 Cut-off.

Install, attach, remove the workpiece.

Cut the blank in the size of 193 mm.

010 Milling Centering.

Install, attach, remove the workpiece.

To mill faces of preparation of Ø26x190.

To center two openings of Ø4 in Ø26x190 size.

015 Turning.

1 installation

Install, attach the workpiece.

Sharpen the surface in dimension Ø17.6 h11 clean.

Boring grooves for grinding wheel exit.

Bore the groove under the retaining ring.

Sharpen 2 chamfers 1.5 × 45 °.

ustan

Reinstall, attach, remove the workpiece.

Turn the surface to dimension Ø22.6 h11 by length 127h11.

Sharpen the surface to dimension Ø17.2 h11 by length 13.5.

Boring the groove

Sharpen 2 chamfers 1.5 × 45 °.

020Vertical - Milling.

1. Install, attach, remove the workpiece.

2. Mill the keyway with width 6N9 (0.03) with length 20H14 (+ 0.84) to depth 3.5 (+ 0.1).

025 Locksmith.

030 Schlycefreser.

Install, attach, remove the workpiece.

Mill splines in size D6 × 18, 2h11 × 22.6 × 5, 2h11 for a length of 127 mm.

035 Locksmith.

040 Thermal

045 Round grinding.

1 installation

Install, attach the workpiece.

Ground the surface to size Ø22k6 for length 127mm.

Ground the surface to size Ø17k6 for length 14 mm.

Ustanov

Reinstall, attach, remove the workpiece.

Ground the surface to size Ø17k6 for length 49 mm.

Ground the surface to size Ø17k6 for length 35 mm.

050 Slip-grinding.

Install, attach, remove the workpiece.

Grind the splines D6 × 18 × 22h6 × 5e8 to a length of 127 mm.

055 Washing.

060 Control.

5.2. Calculation of cutting modes

When assigning cutting modes, the nature of processing, the type and dimensions of the tool, the material of its cutting part, the material and state of the workpiece, the type and state of the equipment are taken into account.

Conclusion

During the final qualified work of the bachelor's degree, the drive of the main movement of the machine was developed.

The main attention in the development of the qualification work of the bachelor is paid to the kinematic calculation of the main movement drive.

During the work, the necessary calculations were made when designing the main movement drive; kinematic calculation of the main motion drive and calculation of the main parts of the drive.

According to the calculation data, the scan and convolution of the speed box were drawn. The technological process of manufacturing the part "splined shaft" has been developed; cutting modes are calculated for each manufacturing operation of the part "splined shaft" and reduced to job instructions. 4 operations have been designed.