Design of precast reinforced concrete structures of the building on the topic: calculation of slab and foundation

Contents

Introduction

1. Select feature types, slab subassemblies, and their characteristics

2. Justification of accepted layout

3. Characteristics of materials

4. Define and collect structural loads

4.1 Collection of loads on the coating slab

4.2 Collection of loads on the attic floor

4.3 Collection of loads on the intermediate floor, and the floor above the basement

5. Calculation and Design of Slab

5.1 Static Design Calculation

5.2. Calculation of slab by normal sections

5.3. Slant Section Plate Calculation

5.4. Plate calculation for mounting forces

5.5. Calculation of mounting loops

5.6. Plate Reinforcement Design

5.7. Calculation of technical and economic indicators

6. Calculation of precast reinforced concrete strip foundation along coordination axis "B"

6.1 Load calculation

6.2 Determining the Width of the Foundation Pad

6.3. Calculation of reinforcement section area

6.4 Calculation of foundation cushion for strength under action of transverse force arising in its cantilever part

6.5 Calculation of technical and economic indicators

List of literature used

Introduction

Concrete has been used in construction for a long time, since the time of the Ancient World. In general, the composition of concrete has not changed much. Concrete mix production requires cement, water, sand and crushed stone as filler. Today, plasticizing additives have been added to this list, which can accelerate the process of hardening concrete, as well as strengthen the structure as a whole. Often concrete is used as a foundation for construction.

It should be noted that concrete is a material resistant to compressive loads. However, in multi-storey construction, the loads on the structures are not only compressive, but also tensile. Concrete was not suitable for this task. However, when a frame in the form of reinforcement was added to the concrete, the problem with tensile loads was solved, since the steel frame can withstand such loads without problems.

Thus, symbiotic building material has appeared, which is used both in the construction of ordinary multi-storey buildings, and in case the construction of commercial buildings is necessary. Reinforced concrete has a long service life, increased strength characteristics, as well as resistance to significant loads. Concrete is often reinforced with steel rods, grates are reinforced for slabs, tensioned and heated "stressed" wire can be used for beams.

Select feature types, slab subassemblies, and their characteristics

According to the degree of responsibility, the building belongs to the second class (reliability factor for the purpose of structures), according to the operating conditions of the CW.

The structural diagram of the building is a arceless building with longitudinal bearing walls.

Spatial rigidity and stability of the building is ensured by the joint operation of longitudinal walls and slabs of floors connected to each other and to walls by anchor connections.

In accordance with the task, it is required to calculate and design prefabricated reinforced concrete structures: the slab PK 36.12, which is located between the axes D and B and rests on brick walls, the prefabricated reinforced concrete strip foundation along the coordination axis B.

Justification of accepted layout

The building is residential. The construction site of Mogilev. The number of floors is five. Floor height: 2.8m. The roof is flat combined. Floor type: parquet board. The base is clay. Depth of soils: 1,993m.

Nominal dimensions of the slab B = 1.2 m, L = 6.3 m. Structural dimensions Bk = 1.19 m, L = 6.28 m. The pre-stressed slab is made of C16/20 class concrete with S400 class working reinforcement, which is electrothermally tensioned against mold stops.

Building with basement, external brick 510 mm thick, internal walls 380 mm thick brick. Foundation depth d = 1.993 m, clay base soils, density = 0.87 MPa.