COURSEWORK in the discipline "Fundamentals of engineering technology"

Contents

Introduction

1. General Section

1.1. Developing an Assembly Drawing

1.1.1. Assembly drawing

1.1.2. Rules for Executing an Assembly Drawing

1.1.3. Specifying Balloons

1.1.4. Conventions and simplifications allowed in the assembly drawing

1.1.5. Specification

1.2 Description and service purpose of the assembly unit

1.2.1. Assembly and Description

1.2.2. Principle of operation

1.2.3. Basic Parts

1.3. Description and characteristics of the part

1.4. Development of technical requirements for the throttle

2. Process Section

2.1. Design of routing technology for part manufacturing

2.2. Rationale for Procurement Selection

2.2.1. Procurement, basic concepts and definitions

2.2.2. Technological capabilities of the main methods of procurement

2.2.3. Basic Principles of Procurement Method Selection

2.3. Routing Technology Design

2.4. Design Assembly Process Technology

3. Measures to provide TB at assembly production

Conclusion

List of literature

Introduction

The technology of mechanical engineering should be understood as a scientific discipline, studying mainly the processes of mechanical processing of parts and assembly of machines, along the way affecting the issues of choosing blanks and methods of their manufacture.

The design of the manufacturing processes of parts is aimed at establishing the most rational and economical method of processing, while the processing of parts on metal cutting machines should ensure that the requirements for the accuracy and cleanliness of the treated surfaces, the correctness of the contours, shapes, etc.

Thus, the designed process of machining the parts should, when implemented, ensure that the requirements for the normal operation of the assembled machine are met.

The basis for designing the process of machining parts of mass production is the optimal manufacturing process of the part.

At this stage of mechanical engineering development, when designing technological processes, they strive for the possible complete mechanization and automation, the use of low-waste methods for producing machining blanks without removing a metal layer, and a decrease in the labor intensity of manufacturing parts.

General Section

Develop an assembly drawing.

Assembly drawing.

Assembly drawing - a document containing an image of an assembly unit and other data necessary for its assembly and control.

The assembly drawing shall be performed at the stage of development of working documentation based on the general view drawing and shall give an idea of the location and mutual connection of the connected component parts of the product and ensure the possibility of assembly and control of the assembly unit. The assembly drawing, according to GOST 2.1022013 "Types and completeness of design documents," is assigned to the main set of design documentation.

In accordance with GOST 2.10996 "Rules for execution of drawings of parts, assembly, general views, overall and installation" the assembly drawing shall contain:

An image of an assembly unit, which gives an idea of ​ ​ the location and mutual connection of its component parts, connected according to this assembly drawing and providing the possibility of assembling and monitoring the assembly unit;

Overall, installation, connection and required reference dimensions:

Overall dimensions - determine the limit external outlines of the product (height, length and width of the product or its largest diameter);

Installation dimensions - characterize the dimensions of the elements used to install the product at the installation site;

Connection dimensions - define the dimensions of the elements used to connect to the mating articles;

Reference dimensions - thread symbols, tubular wheel parameters, etc.

Limit deviations and other parameters and requirements to be fulfilled or monitored as per this assembly drawing;

Instructions on the nature of the interface and methods of its implementation, if the accuracy of the interface is provided not by given dimensional deviations, but by selection, running, etc., as well as instructions on the method of connecting non-detachable joints (welded, soldered, etc.)

Item numbers of components included in the article;

Main characteristics of the article (weight, power, number of revolutions, etc.).

In accordance with GOST 2.10873 "Specification," the assembly drawing is accompanied by a specification, which is the main design document of the assembly unit and is not performed on separate sheets of the A4 format.

Rules for Executing an Assembly Drawing

In the assembly drawing, it is allowed to depict moving parts of the product in the extreme or intermediate position with appropriate dimensions. If it is difficult to read the drawing when you are displaying moving, these parts can be displayed in additional views, accompanied by appropriate inscriptions, for example, "Extreme position carriage pos.5"

It is allowed to place the image of the boundary (adjacent) products on the assembly drawing and the dimensions that determine their mutual location. The components of the product located behind the "situation" should be depicted as visible. If necessary, they can be depicted as invisible. The objects of the "situation" should be made with simplified thin solid lines and give the necessary data to determine the place of installation, methods of attachment and attachment of the product.

For all sections and sections of the same part, the slope and frequency of the hatch lines remain the same.

Adjacent parts in sections and sections are hatched in different directions or to one side, changing the distance between hatch lines.

On assembly drawings of articles including parts to which it is allowed not to produce working drawings, the image or technical requirements give additional data to the information specified in the specification necessary for the manufacture of parts (surface roughness, shape deviations, etc.). If there is not enough information to produce parts to which it is allowed not to issue working drawings, then an image of the part or its elements is placed on the assembly drawing. A maximum of four parts can be displayed in one drawing.

Information on the nature of the mating of parts, when the mating should be provided by matching or running, is indicated by inscriptions.

Specifying Balloons

Components and specified materials of the assembly unit shown on the assembly drawing shall have numbers, which are applied in accordance with GOST 2.10996.

All component parts of the product in the assembly drawing are numbered according to the item numbers specified in the specification of this assembly unit.

Balloons indicate linework shelves drawn from component images. The end of the line that intersects the contour of the part ends with a point-shaped thickening. The leader line and shelf are drawn with a solid thin line. Balloons should be indicated in images where the corresponding components are projected as visible, usually in the main views or their replacement sections.

Balloons are placed parallel to the title block of the drawing outside the image outline and grouped into a column or row, if possible, on the same line.

Balloons typically point once in a drawing. It is allowed to re-indicate the balloons of the same parts of the product, with all repeating balloons highlighted by a double shelf.

Balloon font size must be one or two sizes larger than the font size accepted in the drawing for dimension numbers.

Leader lines must not intersect and, if possible, must not be parallel to hatch lines and dimension lines.

For a group of fasteners that belong to the same attachment location.

For a group of parts with a distinct relationship that excludes different understandings, and when you cannot draw a leader line to each component in the drawing. In these cases, the leader line is removed from the part whose position number is indicated first.

1.1.5. Specification.

Specification is a design document that determines the composition of an assembly unit, complex or kit and is necessary for the manufacture and picking of design documents and for planning the launch into production of these products. GOST 2.10868 "Specification" establishes the form and procedure for filling out the specification of design documents for products of all industries.

The specification is made on separate sheets of A4 format for each assembly unit, complex or set. According to GOST 2.1042006, the main inscription on the first sheet is made in form 2, and on subsequent sheets - in form 2a. For assembly drawings made in A4 format, the specification can be placed on the same sheet as the assembly drawing. Note here that specification is arranged below article image.

The specification generally consists of sections that are arranged in the following sequence:

• Documentation;

• Complexes;

• Assembly units;

• Details;

• Standard products;

• Other products;

• Materials;

• Kits.

The presence of certain sections is determined by the composition of the specified product. In the absence of any section, the title of this section is not indicated.

The name of each section is indicated as a title in the "Name" column and is highlighted with a solid thin line. A free line is left in front of the Documentation section at the beginning of the BOM. After each section of the BOM, you must leave several free rows for additional entries. Documents that make up the main set of design documents of the specified product, except its specification, are included in the Documentation section.

Documents shall be recorded in the sequence specified in GOST 2.10268, for example: assembly drawing, general view drawing, overall drawing, installation drawing, diagrams, etc.

The sections "Complexes," "Assembly units" and "Parts" include complexes, assembly units and parts directly included in the specified product. The specified products are recorded in alphabetical order of combination of initial characters (letters) of indices of the development organizations and further in order of increase of numbers included in the designation.

In the section "Standard products" they record products included in the specified product according to state (GOST), industry (OST) and enterprise (C) standards.

Within each category of standards, the following shall be recorded:

• by groups of products combined according to their functional purpose (for example, bearings, fasteners, etc.);

• within each group - in alphabetical order of product name;

• within each name - in ascending order of standard designations;

• within each designation of the standard - in ascending order of key parameters or the sizes of a product (for example, Bolte GOST 779870 M10x80; GOST 779870 M12x70 bolt; Key 18x11x100 GOST 2336078). In the section "Other products" they record products made not according to the main design documents, but taken according to specifications, catalogs, price lists, etc., with the exception of standard products.

Materials that are directly included in the product to be specified are included in the Materials section.

The materials are recorded by type in the following sequence:

• ferrous metals;

• magnetoelectric and ferromagnetic materials;

• non-ferrous, noble and rare metals;

• cables, wires and cords;

• plastics and press materials;

• paper and textile materials;

• timber;

• rubber and leather materials;

• varnishes, paints, petroleum products and chemicals;

• other materials

The "Kits" section includes a list of operational elements and kits used according to design documents and directly included in the specified product.

Fill the BOM columns from top to bottom as follows:

1. The "Format" column indicates the formats of documents, the designations of which are recorded in the "Number" column.

• for documents recorded in the sections "Standard products," "Other products" and "Materials," the column is not filled in.

• for parts to which no drawings have been issued, the BP (without drawing) is indicated in the column.

The "Zone" column indicates the designation of the area in which the recorded component part is located (when the drawing field is divided into zones in accordance with GOST 2.1042006).

3. In the column "Pose." (Item) indicates the sequence numbers of the components included in the product being specified in the sequence of their recording in the BOM. For "Documentation" and "Packages" sections the column is not filled in.

4. In the column "Designation" the designation of the document for the article is recorded in accordance with GOST 2.20180.

• in the section "Documentation" in the column indicate the designation of the documents to be recorded.

• in the sections "Complexes," "Assembly units," "Parts" and "Packages" in the column indicate the symbols of the main design documents to be recorded in these sections of the product. For parts that have not been issued with drawings, the number assigned to them.

• in the sections "Standard products," "Other products" and "Materials" do not fill in the column.

5. The column "Name" indicates:

• in the Documentation section, only the document name, for example, Assembly Drawing;

• in the sections "Complexes," "Assembly units," "Parts," "Packages" - the name of the products in accordance with the main inscription on the design documents of these products, for example, "Gear wheel," "Bushing." For parts to which the drawings have not been issued, the name and material, as well as the dimensions necessary for their manufacture, shall be indicated;

• in the section "Standard products" - the name and designation of products in accordance with the standards for these products;

• in the section "Other products" - the name and symbols of the products in accordance with the documents for their supply with the indication of the symbols of these documents;

• in "Materials" section - designations of materials established in the standards for these materials .

6. In the column "Col." (Quantity) indicates the number of components in one product to be specified, and in the Materials section, the total quantity of materials per product with the unit of measure.

7. The Note column provides additional information for planning and organization of production, as well as other information related to the products, materials, and documents recorded in the BOM.

1.2.2. Principle of valve-regulator operation.

Fuel is supplied through Pipes hole. 1/2 "in one of the housing cavities (arrows on the valve cover indicate the direction of fuel movement). Fuel can enter another cavity, that is, to the outlet, only through holes in the throttle. Fuel first enters cover cavity through rectangular hole and then through holes F 6 mm into second cavity of housing. By means of the handle 10 it is possible to turn the regulator 17 which slides on the throttle by means of the rod 9. One extreme position of the regulator corresponds to the complete closure of the valve: the rectangular hole in the throttle is blocked by the regulator. As the regulator rotates, this opening begins to open. The second extreme position of the regulator corresponds to the maximum opening of this hole. Regulator shape provides smooth adjustment of fuel supply. Regulator is pressed to throttle by spring 16. Ring with arrow is fixed on rod so that in closed position the arrow indicates zero fuel consumption.

1.3. Description and characteristics of the part (throttle).

Throttle valve is a mechanical regulator of the channel flow section that changes the amount of fluid or gas flowing in the channel.

Throttle is a device whose constant flow section is significantly less than that of the supply pipeline. The throttle controls the flow rate by changing the flow parameters of the medium flowing through it. One type of throttle is a orifice. Often, throttles are used in heat supply systems to limit the flow of primary hot water.

A throttle valve is a type of throttle in which the total amount of medium flowing through it changes due to the ratio of the time of the state of complete opening and complete closing of the valve. Often this device is called an activator.

Throttle valve drive can be mechanical and electromechanical.

Process Section

2.1. Design of routing technology of part manufacturing.

The task of designing the machining process is to determine its sequence, in which the technological capabilities of machines, devices and tools are most fully used, and the part is manufactured with the lowest material costs. The same tasks are solved when designing the process of restoring worn and damaged parts.

The process should be tailored to the enterprise's manufacturing capabilities and best practices. You must also have the following source data:

1. An annual production program that affects the selection of equipment, accessories, tools, as well as the structure of the technological process.

2. The working drawing of the part, according to which the technological route of processing is made, types, methods of mechanical processing and place of thermal treatment in the general process of manufacturing the part are determined, technical specifications (TS) for acceptance of the processed part are made, equipment, accessories and tools are selected. The part working drawing must be 1:1 scale. An exception is made for large and small parts. In the working drawing, you place all the necessary dimensions for machining the part. Dimensions on mating surfaces are driven with tolerances characterizing accuracy of treatment. In addition, tolerances indicate the inaccuracy of the mutual arrangement of individual machined surfaces. Roughness of machined and unprocessed surfaces shall be indicated by symbols in accordance with GOST. " The working drawing also indicates the material from which the part should be made, its mass, heat treatment, hardness of the part (core), its individual surfaces and other details.

3. Instructions on how to use existing equipment and how to load it. If a process is being developed for an existing enterprise, then it is usually stipulated in the task on which equipment to process, the number of work shifts, etc.

4. Reference materials, which include catalogs or passport data of machines, manuals on cutting modes, rationing, devices, tools, etc.

After analyzing the initial data, in order to match the existing standard technology, it should be established which class or group of parts the workpiece belongs to. When developing technology, it is necessary to take into account the existing experience in the manufacture of standard parts at advanced enterprises, to the extent possible use new advanced equipment, devices and tools, as well as the most advanced forms of organization of production. To ensure that parts are manufactured at the lowest cost, several technology options are available for most major parts in mass-produced and especially large-scale plants. Based on the results of economic analysis, the most effective option is chosen.

Thus, technical and economic factors have to be taken into account in the development of technology.

Machining technology is developed in the following sequence:

1. The working drawing of the part and the technical requirements for its manufacture are studied. In order to improve the workability of the design, the parts find out which assembly unit and machine it belongs to, establish the estimated conditions of its operation (environment, load, etc.).

Basic requirements for workability of a part: - the part design should consist of standard and unified structural elements or be standard as a whole; - parts should be made of standard or unified blanks; - dimensions and surfaces of the part should have optimal accuracy and roughness; - physicochemical and mechanical properties of the material, stiffness of the part, its shape and dimensions must comply with the requirements of the manufacturing, storage and transportation technology; - parameters of the base surface (accuracy, roughness) of the parts shall ensure accuracy of the machining and control installation; - the workpieces shall be obtained in a rational manner taking into account the specified volume of production and type of production; - the manufacturing method shall ensure the possibility of simultaneous production of several parts; - the interface of the surfaces of the parts of different accuracy and purity classes shall correspond to the applied processing methods and means; - the design of the part shall ensure the possibility of application of standard and standard technologies of its manufacture.

2. Blank and method of its manufacturing are selected. This is a difficult technical and economic task. Its solution is based on ensuring the required properties of the manufactured parts and minimizing the costs for the production of the workpiece and subsequent processing. The technical criterion when selecting a workpiece is the material, the configuration and size of the workpiece, the mass, accuracy and quality of the surface layer, the direction of the material fibers that determines the operability of the part. So, if the material of the workpiece is cast iron, then it is obvious that it is possible to obtain the workpieces only by casting, and the method (to the ground, to the chill, etc.) will depend on economic criteria and technical capabilities. Further processing of the workpiece on automated equipment prevents free forging or casting into the ground due to high tolerances, which entail a greater probability of breakage of the cutting tool.

The cost of waste in mechanical processing is determined from the reference literature.

3. Process base surfaces are selected when machining parts in accordance with the requirements of GOST 21495-76 and the following recommendations: - as technological bases it is necessary to take surfaces with sufficient rigidity; - as rough bases it is impossible to take surfaces, having large stamping or casting slopes; - the draft base is accepted once and only at the first operation; - surfaces must be taken as finishing bases, processed with maximum accuracy; - for finishing bases it is advisable to select the main installation bases, and not auxiliary, and strive for the coincidence of technological and structural bases; - it is necessary to observe the principle of the sequence of base changes, that is, the selection of surfaces of technological bases is made from less accurate to more accurate; - strive to observe the principle of base unity, that is, if it is possible to process a part from the same plant, if not, take the same surfaces as process bases.

Taking into account the basing rules for various classes of parts, the following surfaces can be recommended as technological bases (the given recommendations do not mean that other surfaces cannot serve as technological bases): disks: draft base - outer surface of rotation and end face; finishing base - internal surface of rotation and end face; for sleeves: external or internal surface of rotation and end face; body parts: plane and two holes (bearings or bushings), plane and two mounting holes; forks have a plane and two holes, a plane, one hole, and an outer surface.

4. Select a view and methods for machining part surfaces. The type of treatment usually means the technological impact in order to obtain a finished part: casting, pressure treatment, mechanical cutting, heat treatment, etc.

The method of processing means the method of interaction of the workpiece with technological equipment (drilling, turning, nickel, etc.).

Machining methods are characterized by interaction of the material to be treated with the cutting tool and its design.

The choice of the type of processing depends on the shape of the workpiece and the finished part, on the specification for its manufacture, on the existing equipment, on the experience of the process designer, on the cost of manufacturing the part, etc. The ideal method for obtaining the part can be considered that would avoid mechanical processing (i.e., so that the workpiece meets the requirements of the finished part). But the types of processing by which workpieces are obtained (casting, pressure, etc.) do not allow you to obtain the required accuracy of the part and the roughness of its surfaces. Therefore, machining is mandatory for most parts.

The choice of processing methods depends almost on the same factors as the processing type.

5. Make up the technological route of the part processing. Standard and group technologies should be used to inform the process route.

The general scheme of machining technology is determined depending on the configuration, dimensions, part weight, workpiece execution methods and technical requirements for the part.

In this case, the following rules should be followed: - first of all, surfaces taken as technological bases are treated, then - the rest in sequence, the reverse degree of accuracy of their manufacture. The surface manufactured with the highest accuracy is machined. The end of the route often includes the treatment of easily damaged surfaces (thread, etc.); - the sequence of processing depends on the method of dimensioning. First, you must treat a surface with a larger number of dimensions on the drawing - the overall process sequence takes into account the type and location of the heat treatment.

Normalization, firing, improvement, aging are usually used before machining, although they can sometimes be used after roughing.

Improvement of physical and mechanical properties of the part is achieved by general hardening, surface hardening, chemical and thermal treatment (cementation, nitriding, etc.). These types of heat treatment are usually used before the finishing (abrasive) operation. For parts manufactured with a high degree of accuracy and high surface purity, it is not recommended to combine roughing and finishing (this requirement is especially important for large parts).

At the end of each operation, monitoring of the processed parameters is enabled.

6. Composition and rational sequence of transitions in operations are established. To do this, first of all, it is necessary to establish a rational number of transitions to each surface, based on the principle of the maximum concentration of the operation, that is, in one operation the maximum number of transitions must be performed. Limitations can be the method of basing the part, the expediency of combining rough and finish machining, the inability to install all the necessary tools for machining the part on the machine, etc.

When choosing a rational sequence of transitions, they proceed from a minimum of time per operation, and this is achieved by the possibility of combining simultaneous processing of the workpiece with several tools, reducing the number of idle movements of the tool, etc.

7. Permits for machining of surfaces of parts are determined by all technological transitions, as well as operational dimensions, tolerances, at various stages of workpieces processing.

8. Machine tools, devices, cutting and measuring tools are selected. The choice of equipment and process equipment is determined by the presence of metal cutting machines, tools and devices.

Metal cutting machines shall satisfy the following conditions: - The main dimensions of the machine shall correspond to the dimensions of the machined part; - the machine power shall be used as much as possible when performing rough operations; - the machine shall ensure the required accuracy and roughness of the machined surfaces; - the machine capacity shall comply with the specified program of part release.

Various universal devices are used to correctly base parts, increase labor productivity and expand the technological capabilities of machine tools: cam cartridges, lunettes, machine clutches, drill cartridges, etc. They are used when processing parts on metal cutting machines and for performing assembly and control operations, as well as for installing and fixing parts on the machine or for fixing and guiding the tool during processing.

In addition to universal devices, normalized and special devices designed to process certain typical parts are widely used in mass production. With a small scale of production, it is advisable to use relatively cheap and simple universal devices, with the help of which it is possible to process not one, but a number of similar parts that differ from each other in size, and only in some cases - normalized.

In repair plants with a small fleet of metal cutting machines, devices are often used that change the purpose of the machine and expand its technological capabilities. With the help of such tools, it is possible, for example, on turning machines to mill small parts, as well as various types of grinding work.

The main factors determining the selection of the cutting tool: - machining method (different process versions use different tools, for example, a hole can be made with a drill and a countersink or a drill and a boring cutter)- dimensions, shape, accuracy and quality of part machining (the dimensions and shape of the part affect the selection of dimensions and design of the tool, and the quality and accuracy of machining determine the type of tool, for example, for draft and finishing work, and the machining mode of these tools); - part and tool material (the material of the cutting tool and its geometric parameters depend on the part material, the tool material limits its selection for processing parts of various accuracy and determines the productivity of the cutting process)the type of machine on which the part will be machined (determines the tool used, for example, if the gear teeth are machined on a horizontal milling machine, then a disc or finger modular mill is used; when processing gear teeth on tooth cutters - worm mills).

When selecting a tool, use the normalized tools described in the relevant reference books.

9. Working modes of workpieces on machines are determined, correct selection of cutting modes and compliance of electric motors of selected machines with required cutting power is checked.

Selection of cutting modes consists in selection of economically feasible combination of cutting depth and feed, as well as in calculation of cutting speed at accepted resistance of cutting tool. The method of determining the rational mode is understood in the course "Metal cutting, metal cutting machines and tools," therefore it is not considered here.

10. Time standards for each operation are determined.

11. Work bits are set for all operations.

12. Cost of part manufacturing is determined.

If several versions of the manufacturing technologies of the part are developed, then they are compared and the most economically feasible processing option is chosen.

13. Process documentation is filled in.

The detailed technology creates the basis around which production is prepared, blanks, materials, tools are ordered, and devices are designed.

In accelerating technological preparation, technological instructions (normals) play an active role for often occurring types of work, such as: trimming ends, pulling holes, cutting and rolling threads, milling, locksmithing, heat treatment, welding and surfacing, etc. These documents can also be developed centrally for a whole group of machines.

2.2. Justification of procurement selection.

2.2.1. Procurement, basic concepts and definition.

A workpiece, according to GOST 3.1109-82, is a labor item from which a part is made by changing the shape, dimensions, surface properties and (or) material.

There are three main types of blanks: machine-building profiles, piece and combined. Machine-building industries are made of constant cross-section (for example, round, hexagonal or pipe) or periodic. In large-scale and mass production, special rolled products are also used. Piece blanks are produced by casting, forging, stamping or welding. Combined workpieces are complex workpieces produced by a joint (for example, by welding individual simpler elements. In this case, the mass of the workpiece can be reduced, and for more loaded elements, the most suitable materials can be used.

Workpieces are characterized by configuration and dimensions, precision of dimensions obtained, surface condition, etc.

The shapes and dimensions of the blank largely determine the technology of both its manufacture and subsequent processing. The accuracy of the dimensions of the workpiece is the most important factor affecting the cost of manufacturing the part.

2.2.2. Technological capabilities of the main methods of billets production.

The main methods of producing blanks are casting, pressure treatment, welding. The method of obtaining a particular workpiece depends on the service purpose of the part and the requirements for it, on its configuration and size, the type of structural material, the type of production and other factors.

By casting, blanks of almost any size are obtained, both simple and very complex in configuration. At the same time castings can have complex internal cavities with curvilinear surfaces intersecting at different angles. The accuracy of the dimensions and the quality of the surface depend on the casting method. Some special casting methods (injection molding, smelting models) can produce workpieces that require minimal machining.

Machine-building profiles are made by rolling, pressing, drawing. These methods make it possible to obtain blanks close to the finished part in cross section (round, hexagonal, square rolled stock; welded and seamless pipes). Rolled products are hot-rolled and calibrated. The profile required to make the workpiece can be calibrated by drawing. When making parts from calibrated profiles, it is possible to process without using a blade tool.

2.2.3. Basic principles of procurement method selection.

The same part can be made from blanks produced in different ways. One of the fundamental principles of selecting a workpiece is to focus on a manufacturing method that will ensure that it is as close as possible to the finished part. In this case, the metal consumption, machining volume and manufacturing cycle of the part are significantly reduced. However, in the procurement industry, the costs of technological equipment and equipment, their repair and maintenance increase. Therefore, when choosing a method for producing a workpiece, it is necessary to carry out a technical and economic analysis of two stages of production - procurement and machining.

The development of technological processes for the manufacture of blanks should be carried out on the basis of technical and economic principles. In accordance with the technical principle, the selected process should fully ensure that all requirements of the drawing and technical specifications for the workpiece are met;

In accordance with the economic principle, the production of a blank should be carried out with minimal production costs.

From several possible versions of the process, all other things being equal, the most economical is chosen, with equal economy - the most productive. If special tasks are set, for example, urgent production of some important products, other factors may be decisive (higher productivity, minimum production preparation time, etc.).

Conclusion

In my work, I considered the technological process of manufacturing a protracted machine, where the principles of organizing a tool workshop were studied and developed, the most important components of the technological process of manufacturing a protracted machine were identified and described. In the course of my work, I got acquainted with an industrial enterprise, described the principle of specialization of workshops, divided workshops into main and auxiliary ones, determined the time norm and the cost of assembling a protracted machine.

The leading role in accelerating scientific and technological progress, raising Russia to the world level in the field of production is to play mechanical engineering, which as soon as possible needs to be raised to the highest technical level. The goal of mechanical engineering is to change the structure of production, increase the quality characteristics of machines and equipment. It is planned to make a transition to the economy of the highest organization and efficiency with comprehensively developed forces, mature production relations, a well-established economic mechanism. This is the strategic line of the state.

The machine-building complex is tasked to dramatically increase the technical and economic level and quality of machines, equipment and devices.

The main directions of the development of modern technology: the transition from discontinuous, discrete technological processes to continuous automated ones that ensure an increase in the scale of production and quality of products; implementation of waste-free technology for the fullest use of raw materials, materials, energy, fuels and increases in labor productivity; creation of flexible production systems, wide use of robots and robotic technological complexes in machine building and instrument making.