Course project. 2-storey residential building

Contents

Introduction

1. Architectural and structural part

1.1 Characteristics of the construction area and site

1.2 Volumetric - Planning Solution

1.2.1 Description of the Master Plan

1.3. Architectural - constructive solution

1.3.1 Foundations

1.3.2 Walls

1.3.3.Teplotechnical calculation

1.3.4 Jumpers

1.3.5 Stairs

1.3.6 Slabs and coverings

1.3.7 Floors

1.3.8 Windows and doors

1.3.9 Roof, roof, drain

1.3.10 Group Specification

2. Engineering equipment

3. Building Finishes

3.1 Interior Finishes

3.2 Exterior Finishes

4. List of literature

Introduction

Over the previous decades, low-rise construction has not received much attention. The unconditional priority of multi-storey construction was not subject to discussion, and the low-rise, literally and figuratively moved to the periphery, developed mainly according to the "residual principle," more due to the enthusiasm of citizens than state support. But in modern Russia, low-rise construction ─ almost half (4045%) of all housing construction. And in the coming years, its share will increase to 60 percent. About a third of the volumes are in the countryside, and two thirds are in low-rise new buildings in cities and suburbs.

Low-rise buildings dominate modern residential development. In 2013, 98% of all built residential buildings had no more than three floors.

Low-rise construction ─ not only individual single-apartment or blocked two-apartment buildings (townhouses), but also the construction of low-rise apartment buildings.

Low-rise construction of brick houses is the most popular today. The brick walls are very heat-intensive, they retain heat in the house in winter and do not allow heat in the house in summer. This property works in the opposite direction: if the house stood for a couple of weeks without heating, then it will take several days to warm it up .

Compared to wood, brick is resistant to moderately high temperatures. This means that in a brick house you can calmly build a fireplace or oven, inside the walls - without fear of laying chimneys and wiring.

Low-rise construction of brick houses requires a massive foundation and the use of lifting equipment, which increases the cost of the house. The construction of foam concrete or SIPPs with subsequent brick facing allows to reduce costs. The durability of a brick house can reach 150 years.

1.3.2 Walls

A wall is a vertical fencing structure that separates a room from the surrounding space or an adjacent room.

This design provides for external walls made of hollow red brick of grade 150 according to GOST 53095 [6] on M100 solution, with a thickness of 380mm bearing layer with insulation "flurmat 500" with a thickness of 65 mm. The support layer is attached to the outside by rigid connections of iron reinforcement with diameter of 6 mm.

The internal walls are made of red hollow bricks of grade 100 according to GOST 53095 on M100 solution with a thickness of 380mm. Masonry is carried out in a wasteland. Channels for hidden wiring measuring 20x25mm are arranged in the inner walls. Outer wall thickness is determined based on heat engineering calculation.

Building Finishes

3.1 Interior Finishes

The internal brick walls are plastered, the partitions are prepared for pasting with wallpaper. Residential walls are glued with vinyl wallpaper. The ceiling surface is covered by a tension ceiling .

The walls of the bathroom are lined with ceramic tiles for the entire height of the wall, the ceiling is made of plastic panels .

In the kitchen, the walls next to the cooking surface and next to the sink are faced with tiles, the remaining walls are painted with water emulsion paint, the ceiling is tensioned.

Modern finishing materials complying with hygienic and hygienic standards are provided in the decoration of the premises.

3.2 Exterior Finishes

Outer walls are made of facing ceramic bricks. The basement of the house is lined with artificial stone.

Window openings are covered and painted with water emulsion paint.