Automation of the tower spray dryer - course

Contents

Introduction

1 Process Part

1.1 Description of process diagram

1.2 Description of drying process

1.3 Description of schematic electrical diagram

Annex

List of sources used

Introduction

Acceleration of scientific and technological progress and intensification of production are impossible without the use of automation tools. A characteristic feature of the modern stage of automation is that it relies on a revolution in computer engineering, on the widest use of microprocessor controllers, as well as on the rapid development of robotics, flexible production systems, integrated design and control systems, SCDONBASS systems.

The use of modern automation tools and systems allows you to solve the following problems:

- conduct the process with the capacity that is as achievable for these productive forces, automatically considering continuous changes in process parameters, properties of raw materials, changes in the environment, errors of operators;

- manage the process, constantly taking into account the dynamics of the production plan for the range of products by quickly restructuring the modes of technological equipment, redistributing work on the same type of equipment, etc.;

- automatically control processes under conditions harmful or dangerous to humans.

The solution of the set tasks envisages a whole range of issues on the design and modernization of existing and newly developed automation systems of technological processes and productions.

Electrical Schematic Diagram Description

The circuit diagram of the heat generator is shown in the diagram of Appendix G. In the automatic drying mode, the universal switches SA1 and SA2 are set to position A.

If the temperature in the dryer decreases, the contacts of the semi-conductor regulator P are closed and the program time relay CT and relay KV1 are powered, which turns off the magnetic starter KM1 of the electric fan M1.

After 5 seconds after switching on the time relay, its KT: 4 clock is closed and the KM2 magnetic starter is powered by the circuit: contacts KT: 3-KT: 4-SA2-KT: 1-SK3. The engine of the burner fan M2 is switched on and the combustion chamber purge begins.

After 20... 25 seconds, contacts KT are closed: 2 time relay and voltage is supplied to high-voltage ignition transformer TV and solenoid valve CA, which opens fuel access to the combustion chamber. The air-fuel mixture bursts, illuminating the combustion chamber. Under the influence of light, the resistance R of the photorelle BL decreases, which leads to the operation of first the intermediate relay KV3, and then the relay KV2, contacts KV2: 2 and KV2: 3 which the ignition transformer and time relay are turned off.

After heating of combustion chamber contacts of temperature sensors SK2 and SK1 are opened sequentially. Relay KV1 is de-energized, as a result of which the magnetic starter KM1 of the valve-torus drive 1 is turned on. Hot air heated in the heat generator is supplied to the dryer.

If the heat generator start-up is tightened for more than 20... 25 seconds and is unsuccessful, then the contact CT: 1 turns off the electromagnetic valve CA and the fuel supply stops. Then the signal lamp HL4 is switched on by contact CT: 5, and the fan M2 of the furnace is turned off by the opening contact CT: 3. In the event of a short-term flare failure during normal operation of the KV3 relay heat generator, the BL photoreport turns off the KV2 relay, and through its opening contact KV2: 2 TV is turned on and an ignition spark is still given. If the mixture is not ignited, then the heat generator is disconnected by contacts CT: 1 and CT: 3. It is re-activated into manual position, turning switch SA1 first to position O and then back to position A. At that, program device CT returns to initial state. When the temperature of the heat generator exceeds the permissible temperature, the contacts of the SK3 sensor will open and turn off the heat generator. To stop the heat generator normally, switch SA1 is set to position 0.

In the manual drying control mode, which is turned to for adjustment, testing, as well as in cases of automatic failure, the switches SA1 and SA2 set to position P. The coil of the magnetic starter KM2 receives power, and the furnace blowdown begins. Then the switch SA2 is set to position P. The solenoid valve CA is turned on and the fuel is supplied to the combustion chamber. After the necessary heating of the combustion measure, the toggle switch S closes, the magnetic starter KM1 turns on the motor of the fan M1.

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