Automatic revolver workshop of Chelyabinsk tractor plant

Contents

1. INTRODUCTION

2. COMPARISON OF DESIGN ELEMENT VARIANTS

1 variant - reinforced concrete frame

2 variant - metal frame

Feasibility Study

3. ARCHITECTURAL AND CONSTRUCTION PART

3.1. Characteristics of the construction area

3.2. Characteristics of the building

3.3. Master Plan

3.4. Volumetric planning solution

3.5. Constructive solution

Bases

Building frame

Floors and covering

Exterior walls

Roof of the building

Communications by Column

Floors

Lamps

Windows, doors and gates

3.6. Fire protection solutions

3.7. Elements of sanitary systems

Heating

Water supply and sewerage

Ventilation

3.8. Heat Engineering Calculation of Enclosing Structure

4. DESIGN DESIGN

4.1. Static Structural Cover Calculation

4.2. Constructive calculation. Calculating the Section of Paving Block Elements

4.3. Static and Structural Column Calculation

5. FOUNDATIONS AND FOUNDATIONS

5.1. Source Data

Site geotechnical conditions

5.2. Importance of efforts at the level of foundation cutting

Determination of conditional design resistance

Conclusion

5.3. Calculation and design of pile foundation

5.4. Natural Foundation Calculation

5.5. Quantity takeoff

5.6. Determination of estimated cost and labor costs

5.7. Technical - economic indicators

6. ORGANIZATION OF CONSTRUCTION

6.1. Construction Sequence

Procedure of works execution

Work of the preparatory period

Trench Development Technology

Foundation concreting

Installation of columns

Installation of structural units

Installation of coating plates

Floor arrangement

Erection of concrete stone walls

Arrangement of floating roof

Special works

Safety precautions during construction and installation works

6.2. Card - Determinant

6.3. Construction Master Plan

6.3.1. Calculation of construction personnel

6.3.2. Define requirements and select inventory building types

6.3.3. Organization of warehousing

6.3.4. Temporary roads

6.3.5. Temporary power supply of construction site

6.3.6. Floodlighting of the construction site

6.3.7. Temporary water supply of construction site

6.3.8. Temporary heat supply of construction site

6.3.9. Temporary sewer of construction site

6.4. Technical - economic indicators

6.5. Routing. Earthworks

6.5.1. Scope of Application

6.5.2. Manufacturing Process Technology Guidelines

6.5.3. Technical specifications of the main construction machines

6.5.4. Slinging of structures

6.5.5. Environmental protection activities

6.5.6. Safety precautions during works

6.5.7. Fire safety

6.6. Scheduling

PROJECT SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENTAL REVIEW

1. introduction

Chelyabinsk is a city in the Chelyabinsk region, on the Miass River. Chelyabinsk is one of the largest centers of metallurgy, there is a large tractor plant. The city has a well-developed construction base. With the expansion of industry, the construction of new residential and administrative buildings is increasing. The city of Chelyabinsk is connected with other cities of the region by road, rail and air.

Comparing Feature Variants

1 variant - reinforced concrete frame.

Reinforced concrete columns 400x700mm. The height of the columns of the extreme row is 13200mm. The height of the columns of the middle row is 12,500 mm. Trusses - reinforced concrete rafters 18m long

Reinforced concrete segment raceless trusses have a curvilinear upper belt. The small height on the support of these trusses reduces the total height of the building. These trusses are technological in manufacture and allow rational use of inter-truss space.

The foundations are three-stage, made of heavy concrete B15 (M200).

External walls - wall panels made of slag-ground concrete with a thickness of 450mm and red brick M75 with l _ = 550, 640mm.

Internal walls - from light concrete blocks BR and from red brick M75 with L = 380MM.

Partitions - prefabricated reinforced concrete, L = 120 mm brick.

Slabs and coverings - prefabricated reinforced concrete multistage and solid slabs as per P 1.1411; 1.041.1-2.

The roof is flat, roll 5-layer.

Windows - wooden with double glazing.

Doors - wooden as per GOST 2469881, as per GOST 662988, aluminum in the series 1.236.47/84.

Interior decoration - oil painting, whitewash, water emulsion painting, glazed tiles.

Exterior decoration - reinforced concrete wall panels.

2 version - metal frame.

The columns are metal I-beams with a precolor made of welded profile.

Coating - structural structures from rolling profiles of TsNIISK type with a size of 36 x 12 m, intended mainly for industrial buildings with a low slope roof.

Upper belt - channel No. 16, lower belt No. 12; raskosa - a pipe ● 89 x 5 and ● 63.5 x 3.8; transverse rods - angle 56 x 4 and 75 x 6.

Monolithic reinforced concrete foundations are three-stage. Concrete grade V15 M 200.

Internal walls - from light concrete blocks BR and from red brick M75 with L = 380MM.

Partitions - gypsum gravitational t = 80mm.

Rafter trusses are metal with lengths of 18m and 36m.

Slabs and coverings - rafter trusses, saucepan, asbestos cement slabs, δ = 10mm, mineral wool slab δ = 240mm, γ = 225 kg/m3, cement-cut brace 20mm, uniflex, technoplast 1 layer

Windows - plastic with double glazing.

Doors - plastic PVC as per GOST 2469881, as per GOST 662988, aluminum in the series 1.236.4-7/84

Interior decoration - oil painting, whitewash, water emulsion painting, wallpaper, suspended ceiling type "Akmigran."

3.2. Characteristics of the building

The construction of a machine-gun workshop made of light metal structures (structural coating) will be carried out according to the technical assignment of the Chelyabinsk tractor plant in accordance with the construction schedule.

The plan size is 72 x 156 m, the height is 18.0 m. The workshop building is one-story. The frame of the building is steel. Coating - structural coating "TsNIISK." The production building is equipped with a suspended crane, with a lifting capacity of 10 tons. Foundations are piles with a monolithic pile. Building class - II. Degree of fire resistance - II. Degree of durability - I.

3.3. Master Plan

The construction site is free from development. The designed building is located on the planned territory.

Car exits are provided to the designed building.

Asphalt concrete passages and sidewalks were designed on the territory of the workshop. The coating of the platforms and tracks is tiled.

The landscaping of the site adjacent to the building was decided by ordinary plantings of shrubs and trees. Birch, ash, shrub and lawns are used in landscaping. The landscaping plan is made taking into account existing and designed engineering networks and communications. Lighting of the territory is provided.

3.4. Volumetric planning solution

The automatic revolver workshop of the Chelyabinsk Tractor Plant is a large enterprise. The workshop building has a rectangular shape. It is divided into work areas, depending on the technology of the production sequence. The building has three cranes with a lifting capacity of 5 t.

There are three sections of multi-spindle machines and one section of single-spindle machines .

To ensure sanitary and hygienic standards, the building has washrooms, sun. knots, dressing rooms.

Workshop buildings are made of reinforced concrete frame with mounted wall panels and paving slabs.

Mark of clean floor is conditionally accepted for elevation 0.000.

Main technical characteristics:

Building dimensions: building length L = 156 m; building width B = 72 m; building height H = 18.0 m; the total area of the building is 11232 m2, the construction volume is 202176 m3.

Lay a layer of horizontal waterproofing from cement-sand mortar M 50, 30 mm thick, under the walls at elevation - 0.030 m.

Brickwork inside the room shall be carried out with its mandatory attachment by steel anchors to metal columns and posts of the building frame in accordance with the details developed in the project. Stone structures of the building for the construction of masonry in winter are not calculated by freezing.

3.5. Constructive solution

Bases

The foundations are adopted columnar on a natural base with a plan size of 1.8 x 2.4 m.

Reinforced concrete foundation beams are installed under external walls.

To protect foundations and foundation beams from capillary moisture, vertical waterproofing is provided - two-row coating with hot bitumen.

Building frame

The construction of an industrial building from progressive metal structures of load-bearing and enclosing elements, the use of new effective insulators allows to significantly reduce the mass of the building as a whole.

The building is designed with a load-bearing steel frame. Frame type structural structures. The pitch of the frames is 12 meters.

Layout of structural structures of the building:

- columns - steel from I-beam of composite welded, joints of column elements shall be welded.

The design uses fachwerk columns designed to support wall panels along the line of end walls with a pitch of 6 m. Fachwerki are rigidly embedded in foundations and hingedly connected to coating elements from above. Fastening is performed according to the type of sliding support, which perceives only horizontal wind loads.

The framework design used in the project reduces installation time, construction costs, and creates a flexible architectural space.

The columns support units on the foundation are hinged. This solution greatly simplifies the design of the support assembly and reduces the load on the foundation.

Covering

Coating - structural structures from rolling profiles of TsNIISK type with a size of 36 x 12 m, intended mainly for industrial buildings with a low slope roof. Orthogonal waist grids of blocks with square cells are shifted by ½ cells. Longitudinal waist rods of upper waist grid used as runs are made of rolling channels with length equal to half of block length, and transverse ones are made of rolling angles with size of cell. Longitudinal rods of the bottom grid are designed as non-cut from channels for the entire length of the block half. Upper and lower longitudinal belts are fixed at their ends to end welded trusses with span of 12 m equal to width of block.

Upper belt - channel No. 16, lower belt No. 12; raskosa - a pipe ● 89 x 5 and ● 63.5 x 3.8; transverse rods - angle 56 x 4 and 75 x 6.

Exterior walls

Reinforced concrete curtain walls are used, which take the load from their own mass and wind loads within only one floor with multi-storey buildings or within one step (one panel) in single-storey buildings. These walls function as enclosing structures, since they transfer their mass to the frame through supporting steel tables or through binding beams.

Waterproofing is arranged to protect walls from penetration of soil moisture in their lower part

For design, we take the height of the wall panels 1200 and 1800 mm, the length - 6000 mm. Panels in walls are arranged horizontally.

In heated buildings, at the pitch of columns of 6 m, light-concrete single-layer flat panels are used. They are made of cellular concrete with a density of 400-800 kg/m3 and light concrete with a density of 900-1200 kg/m3. Textured layers with thickness of 20 mm from cement-sand mortar are applied on both sides of panel surface. Such panels are reinforced with spatial frames.

Corners of buildings with panel walls are mounted from special final blocks attached to main panels by welding of embedded elements.

Rainwater and meltwater are removed from walls by means of paving device.

Roof of the building

Blood slope is 1.5%. We take 4 layers of ruberoid on bitumen mastic. The top layer is used with protection from gravel buried in mastic.

The waterproofing carpet at the points of abutment to the walls and other projecting elements shall be smoothly raised by 250 mm .

Compensators made of galvanized steel are arranged in deformation seams at roll roofs in waterproofing carpet.

The drainage from the coating is designed as organized internal, carried out with the help of water intake funnels, discharge pipes and risers collecting and discharging water to the storm sewer. The number of funnels depends on the construction area, the catchment area, the size of the coverage area and the cross-section.

Funnels consist of drain branch pipe, pressure ring and cap. Drain branch pipe is fixed to structures by means of clamp, and pressure ring with blind nuts presses waterproofing carpet to flange of drain branch pipe. Clearance between branch pipe and riser funnel is closed with ground pack and bitumen mastic.

When arranging the coating, it is necessary to create a slope towards the funnel by laying a layer of light concrete of varying thickness in the endovas.

Communications by Column

To increase the spatial stability of buildings in the longitudinal direction and to perceive wind loads, a system of vertical connections between columns is provided. They are installed in the middle of the temperature block in each row of columns .

With a column pitch of 12 m, the links are portal, in this case it is easier to organize a floor transport pass.

The construction of the links depends on the height of the building, the presence of bridge cranes and their lifting capacity.

The links are made of corners or channels and fixed to the columns by means of slashes on welding.

Floors

Requirements for the floors of industrial buildings:

- high mechanical strength;

- flat and smooth surface;

- must be non-erasable, non-slip, elastic, waterproof, moisture resistant,;

- high-tech in case of repair;

- easy to clean and resistant to fire and chemical aggressive substances.

The base for the floors is natural soil.

In the premises of the workshop, where the floor is systematically moistened and exposed to mineral oils, concrete floors are used, 50-100 mm thick. We use concrete of M 200-300 grade.

Cement floors are used in the absence of large loads. Thickness 20-30 mm, solution composition 1:3.

Tile floors are laid on a layer of cement-sand mortar on liquid glass or on a special mastic.

Lamps

Frame rectangular light-aeration lights with vertical glazing are used in the design. Frame material - steel.

Canopy bearing frame consists of transverse structures (trusses) and side panels. Braces are inserted into canopy contour to increase transverse stiffness and connections are established between canopy frames. Bindings 1250 mm high along the length of the canopy form ribbon glazing. They are equipped with devices for mechanically opening the entire band of bindings or individual blocks.

Lights are mounted from load-bearing and enclosing structures. The supporting structures of the lights have the form of frames, they also include lamp panels, lamp trusses, panels of the ends of the lights and connections. Profile of structures - cold-bent or hot-rolled channels and corners. They are attached to trusses and beams of coating by bolts and welding.

Windows, doors and gates

Window sizes are assigned in accordance with the normative requirements of natural illumination, architectural composition, savings of one-time and operating costs.

Steel window panels are used, consisting of frames filled with bindings 6.0 m long and 1.2 m high from T-roll and bent profiles. The windows are placed at a height of 0.9 m from the floor level.

Gates and doors are provided to bring vehicles, rolling stock and people inside the repair shop. Gate - metal, 10.8 x 5.4 m.

External doors to the building are designed wooden, in accordance with GOST 2469881 with a height of 2100 m.

3.6. Fire protection solutions

The workshop building is separated from the adjacent buildings by fire breaks.

The building is equipped with the following systems:

- fire-fighting water supply with installation of fire cranes;

- automatic warning system for people about fire with withdrawal to the duty room with permanent stay of people;

- automatic shutdown of ventilation systems.

Working, storage, utility and household premises of the workshop are designed taking into account the possibility of smoke removal.

Surfaces of metal columns of composite welded I-beams are covered with fire-retardant modified coating OPB180 (VSN11384) 24 mm thick.

The main evacuation exits are provided through three main entrances to the building.

3.7. Elements of sanitary systems

Heating

Heating in the repair shop is designed air, combined with plenum ventilation and water with local heating devices.

Air and heat curtains are designed at the external gates of the main technological passages.

Water supply and sewerage

On the territory of the enterprise, a combined water supply system is designed for household - drinking and industrial - fire.

Power supply of the production building system is provided from the eponymous main networks of the industrial zone.

On-site networks - ring.

Minimum depth of water pipes is 3.5 m (to the bottom of the pipe).

External fire extinguishing is provided from underground type fire hydrants installed in wells on the water supply network. Water is supplied to the fire site by motor pumps. Internal fire extinguishing

is provided on 50 mm fire cranes installed in mounted cabinets equipped with 25 m long linen fire hoses and 16 and 22 mm manual barrels, as well as from automatic installation and foam fire extinguishing.

A unified system of industrial and household sewerage was adopted on the territory of the enterprise. Effluents enter the network only after treatment at local treatment facilities.

Ventilation

Ventilation of the repair shop is designed for supply and supply with mechanical and natural motives. During the summer period, air supply is designed naturally through the lower parts of the windows.

Grounding of ventilation systems and heating systems of category "A" rooms, as well as local suction systems removing explosive mixtures is provided.

In order to reduce noise, all fans are installed on vibrating bases.

Opening framugs and window windows are used as plenum devices. Air removal is provided through ventilation chamber exhaust shafts.