Arrangement and maintenance of a dead-end electrical substation

The first power plants and electrical installations in our country began to be built at the end of the 19th century. Their appearance was facilitated by significant achievements in electrical engineering: the invention of generators, an arc lamp (Yablochkov candles), the creation by A.N. Lodygin of a more advanced incandescent lamp, the transformation of alternating current, and the solution of the problem of transmitting electricity over long distances. In the 70s of the last century, one of the first domestic electrical installations was created at the Nizhne-Aldinsky Metallurgical Plant, which was used to illuminate the factory office. In 1882-1883, one of the first Russian power plants was built on the Moika River in St. Petersburg, generating electricity for public needs. At this station there were 3 steam locomobiles and 12 dynamos, which were serviced by 21 workers.

The invention of transformers was a powerful impetus for the further development of long-distance transmission of electricity. With the development of power transmissions, both the power of transformers and their voltage gradually increased. The transformer performs voltage conversion in a wide variety of applications such as electric power, electronics, and radio engineering. A transformer substation is an important element in the power supply system. Its main task is to reduce the voltage to the required level. Distribution networks are designed in such a way that it is most profitable to transport electricity at high voltage, in order to reduce losses. But for businesses or homes, a lower voltage is needed. For this purpose, transformer substations are installed.

In this course project, a 35/10(6) kV dead-end substation   is being developed.

A dead-end substation is an electrical structure designed to provide electricity to remote consumers located in the network dead-end zone. 

It is a compact and functional solution for power supply in remote areas such as rural settlements, remote islands, mountainous and forest areas, and other hard-to-reach places.

The advantages of dead-end substations are their mobility, reliability and ease of operation. They can be easily installed and dismantled, allowing you to quickly organize the power supply in the right place. Thanks to the use of advanced technologies and reliable materials, dead-end substations have a high degree of reliability and durability.

Dead-end substations are widely used in various fields of activity. They are used to organize power supply in construction camps, temporary facilities, wildlife, as well as to provide energy for mobile control points and emergency situations. Dead-end substations can also be used to repair and upgrade existing electrical networks.

The layout of the substation is closely related to the purpose and method of connection of the substation to the supply network and should:

• ensure the reliability of power supply to consumers

substations and power flows through intersystem or trunk links in normal and post-emergency modes;

• take into account the prospects of development;
• allow for the possibility of a gradual expansion of the RC of all

Stress;

• take into account the requirements of emergency automation;

Thus, a dead-end substation plays an important role in the electric power industry, ensuring the transmission and distribution of electricity with minimal losses and ensuring energy security for consumers.