2-storey residential building in Barnaul-AR

Contents

Contents

Introduction

1 Design Input

2 Volumetric-planning solution

3 Design solution

3.1 Foundations

3.2 Walls

3.3 Overlaps

3.4 Roof

3.5 Ladder

3.6 Windows and Doors

4 External and internal finishes

4.1 Exterior Finishes

4.2 Interior Finishes

5 Engineering equipment

List of literature

Introduction

Modern low-rise buildings are diverse in architecture and functional content, typologically different types of housing - from an individual cottage to three to four storey houses of a combined structure with apartments in several levels and a complex communication system. Low-rise residential buildings of all types have a general quality - the most humane form of housing organization.

The variety of forms and varieties makes it possible for low-rise buildings to organically fit into the residential environment of cities, to adjoin multi-storey areas of new buildings, to make up for lost fragments in historical zones.

Urban low-rise construction is represented by two main types of development - manor and densely low. The first type is individual or blocked residential buildings with private land plots of various areas, the second is apartment buildings of 2-4 storeys, a combined structure with plots of general use and, sometimes, private palisades for apartments of the first floor.

Low-rise residential buildings of the manor type are most common in the development of small and medium-sized cities (up to 65% of the total housing construction). In large cities, low-rise residential buildings include in the development of new areas of the near suburbs, as well as in the territories of protection zones.

The house I design belongs to one of the groups of individual houses, which has an additional function. Namely, it provides in its structure premises focused on the organization of professional and individual labor activities.

The composition of the premises may vary depending on the type of activity - household service (atelier, repair of household appliances), workshops of art crafts and crafts (pottery, carpentry, weaving, etc.), as well as retail premises.

1 Design Input

The course work on the topic "Low-rise residential project" was developed on the basis of the design task issued by the department of TIarh.

Designed residential building - Low-rise residential building.

The construction site is Barnaul.

Climatic construction area - IB [9].

According to SNiP 230199 "Construction climatology" [9] Barnaul is characterized by the following climatic indicators:

temperature of the coldest days with security of 0.92 - minus 420С;

temperature of the coldest five days with security of 0.92 - minus 390С;

duration of period with average daily air temperature not more than 80С - 221 days with average temperature of this period minus 7.70С;

the dominant direction of winds in the summer - SW, in the winter - SV;

normative depth of soil freezing is 2.10 m.

According to SNiP 2.01.0785 * "Loads and Impacts" [10] Barnaul belongs to the IV snowy area with an estimated snow load of 2.4 kPa and to the III wind area with a standard wind pressure of 0.38 kPa.

The terrain is flat, calm, the level of groundwater to a depth of 15 m has not been detected.

Seismicity of the proposed construction site is 6 points [14].

The building class is III.

The degree of durability is III.

Degree of fire resistance - III.

Functional fire hazard class - F 1.4 [11].

Design temperatures and indoor air humidity:

living rooms - 200C (angular 220C);

cuisine - 180С;

bathrooms - 250С;

air humidity - 55%.

2 Volumetric planning solution

The designed building is a residential building. The building has a complex shape in plan and dimensions in axes 1-5 12.9 m; A- D 14.4 m.

The storey of the house is 2, the height of one floor is 2.7 m. The floor level of the 1st floor rises 0.6 m above ground level. The maximum height on the skate is 8.8 m.

The house is characterized by simple concise forms

The entrance to the building is through a tambour, which is equipped with double insulated entrance doors. The entrance to the residential part is through the corridor ;

When planning the building, the principle of functional zoning is used. Living rooms are divided with kitchen, bathroom, entrance hall. Bathrooms are located above each other. Sleeping rooms are on the second floor .

Climbing to the second floor is carried out using a staircase with running steps.

Living rooms have natural lighting, which is produced through window openings and glazed balcony doors. Natural ventilation is carried out by entering through windows and exiting through ventilation channels. In accordance with the requirements of SanPiN 2.2.1/2.1.1.107601 "Hygienic requirements for insolation," the minimum duration of insolation is determined - at least 2.5 hours per day.

3 Design solution

The designed residential building is made with load-bearing brick longitudinal and transverse external and internal walls and slabs of interstage and attic floor.

Strength of wall structure is provided by preset strength of brick and mortar, laying of brick with mutual dressing of vertical seams. Stability of brick external walls is ensured by their spatial interaction with internal and load-bearing structures - walls and floors. To ensure spatial interaction, external walls are rigidly connected with internal walls of masonry dressing, and with floors from railway plates - with introduction of the latter into the wall by 185 mm, resting on the wall through a layer of strong mortar and connecting walls with floors with steel anchors. Monolithic sections are provided in the floor.

3.1 Foundations

Tape foundation from prefabricated LH blocks is designed for external internal walls. Continuous section, d = 0.6 m. Foundation depth 2.5 m. Horizontal waterproofing is laid at the level of the top of the surface base, and vertical waterproofing is arranged by painting the external surface of the foundation with two layers of hot bitumen. To protect against precipitation, a pavement is arranged around the perimeter of the building, 1000 mm wide of asphalt concrete for gravel preparation.

3.2 Walls

External and internal walls are made of silicate bricks, internal partitions 200 mm thick, internal walls 380 mm. External walls with hinged ventilated facade. Internal finishing is made of 12 mm sheets of gypsum board. Wet rooms are made of red brick with interior decoration made of ceramic tiles.

3.3 Overlaps

As a floor in this project, multi-empty railway plates with a thickness of 220 mm and a width of 1200 and 1500 mm are used. Support on a layer of cement-dried mortar. To form spatial stiffness of building slabs are connected to each other and to bearing walls by steel anchors, which are welded to slinging loops.

3.4 Roof

Above the two-story part of the building there is a tent roof insulated with mineral wool slabs, 200mm thick. The frame is represented by a rafter system. The stingray has a slope of 45 ° and 52 °.

The roof is a soft tile on a wooden lattice with a pitch of 250 mm from 50x50 mm bars. Metal trays on brackets are used for drainage from the coating. The organized drainage of the building is external, it is carried out by collecting moisture from the coating into trays, then through drainage pipes.

3.5 Ladder

Climbing to the 2nd floor is carried out by stairs. The width of the march is 1000, the length is 2100 mm. The height of the steps is 160 mm. The staircase has natural lighting through the window opening.

4 External and internal finishes

4.1 Exterior Finishes

The walls are finished with a textured layer of high-quality polymer cement plaster of a light beige tone. Decorative projecting elements of corners, pillars, belts under windows and above the basement are white. The basement is finished with ceramic tiles for natural stone. The roof is made of metal "Katepal" of the color "bark of wood." Wooden bindings of windows and doors are painted white. Garage gates - white, metal fences of balconies, cornice and front bars, PVC elements of the drainage system are made of white color. The pipes are plastered and painted in light gray.

4.2 Interior Finishes

In residential rooms, in the kitchen room, in the halls, the walls are plastered and prepared for pasting with wallpaper. In the boiler room, dressing room, pantries, garage, the walls are painted with water-emulsion paints. In the working zone of the kitchen-dining room, walls up to a height of 1.5 m are lined with ceramic tiles; in bathrooms - ceramic tiles to the entire height .

Ceilings in residential premises, kitchen, halls - tension; in the garage, bathrooms, boiler rooms, pantries - water emulsion painting on a prepared surface.

Floors in the living room, halls, office, bedroom of parents - parquet; in children's rooms - carpet; in bathrooms, in the working area of ​ ​ the kitchen, in the garage, in the boiler room - made of ceramic tiles.

5 Engineering equipment

The designed residential building is provided with the following engineering equipment.

Water supply - drinking water from the external network.

Sewerage - household with release into the city network.

Heating - individual on a gas boiler.

Hot water supply - centralized and individual.

Ventilation - natural plenum; air conditioning.

Power supply - from external network with voltage of 380/220V.

Lighting - filament lamps.

Communication devices - telephone, cable television, high-speed Internet.

Kitchen equipment - washing, electric stove.

Equipment of bathrooms and bathrooms - baths, washbasins, toilets, shower.

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